Intergroup Reconciliation between Flemings and Walloons: The Predictive Value of Cognitive Style, Authoritarian Ideology, and Intergroup Emotions

Jasper Van Assche; Dries Bostyn; Jonas De keersmaecker; Benoit Dardenne; Michel Hansenne

doi:10.5334/pb.333

Figures & Tables

Table 1

Variable Means, Standard Deviations (SD), Cronbach’s αs and Correlations.

	Mean (SD)	α^a	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
FLEMISH SAMPLE
1. NFC	3.75 (0.63)	.82
2. RWA	3.32 (0.91)	.82	.43***
3. Essentialism	3.70 (0.67)	.75	.15*	.28***
4. SDO	2.91 (0.95)	.88	.14*	.46***	.33***
5. Empathy	4.62 (1.04)	.30***	–.23***	–.32***	–.24***	–.25***
6. Trust	5.01 (0.88)	.47***	–.17**	–.23***	–.24***	–.28***	.53***
7. Anger	2.75 (1.32)	.52***	.26***	.28***	.20***	.18**	–.31***	–.32***
8. Reconciliation	5.45 (0.73)	.83	–.14*	–.27***	–.28***	–.35***	.52***	.70***	–.33***
WALLOON SAMPLE
1. NFC	3.54 (0.64)	.79
2. RWA	3.51 (0.78)	.73	.35***
3. Essentialism	3.82 (0.67)	.75	.16**	.19***
4. SDO	2.83 (0.86)	.83	.08	.37***	.18***
5. Empathy	4.21 (1.01)	.23***	–.06	–.22***	–.14**	–.16**
6. Trust	4.68 (1.05)	.48***	–.10^†	–.24***	–.13*	–.25***	.57***
7. Anger	3.76 (1.28)	.66***	.17**	.27***	.14**	.04	–.37***	–.33***
8. Reconciliation	5.13 (0.70)	.79	–.08	–.27***	–.18**	–.44***	.48***	.54***	–.27***

[i] Notes: ^†: p < .10; *: p < .05; **: p < .01; ***: p < .001.

^a: for two-item measures, the inter-item correlation is provided instead of α.

Table 2

Measurement Invariance: Multi-group CFA fit indices.

Model Description	χ²	Scaling Factor	df	Δχ²	Δdf	p	SRMR	RMSEA	ΔSRMR	ΔRMSE
Model 1 (configural invariance)	7622.26	1.13	3760			<.001	.084	.057
Model 2 (metric invariance)	7821.02	1.13	3818	198.76	58	<.001	.089	.057	.005	<.001
Model 3 (scalar invariance)	9689.86	1.05	3876	1868.84	58	<.001	.095	.069	.006	.012
Model 4 (strict factorial invariance)	9766.97	1.05	3881	77.11	5	<.001	.096	.069	.001	<.001

[i] Note: χ² refers to the Satorra-Bentler scaled chi-square statistic. SRMR: Standardized Root Mean square Residual. RMSEA: Root Mean Square of Error of Approximation.

Table 3

SEM: Coefficients of the Structural Model.

Regressions:		Flemish Sample (N = 310)				Walloon Sample (N = 329)
From	To	Est.	SE	Std. Est.	p	Est.	SE	Std. Est.	p
Empathy	Reconciliation	0.086	0.023	0.303	<.001	0.077	0.023	0.278	.001
Trust	Reconciliation	0.158	0.035	0.557	<.001	0.082	0.023	0.298	<.001
Anger	Reconciliation	–0.023	0.011	–0.080	.040	–0.029	0.014	–0.104	.044
RWA	Reconciliation	0.007	0.023	0.022	.775	–0.005	0.025	–0.016	.826
SDO	Reconciliation	–0.023	0.020	–0.070	.265	–0.115	0.034	–0.329	.001
ESS	Reconciliation	–0.069	0.029	–0.153	.017	–0.017	0.023	–0.041	.470
NFC	Reconciliation	0.061	0.030	0.119	.043	–0.008	0.029	–0.017	.773
RWA	Empathy	–0.259	0.101	–0.246	.010	–0.202	0.088	–0.163	.021
SDO	Empathy	–0.055	0.092	–0.048	.552	–0.129	0.091	–0.102	.178
ESS	Empathy	–0.337	0.121	–0.213	.005	–0.128	0.095	–0.086	.157
NFC	Empathy	–0.066	0.128	–0.036	.608	0.051	0.110	0.029	.645
RWA	Trust	–0.028	0.084	–0.027	.737	–0.138	0.101	–0.112	.172
SDO	Trust	–0.247	0.112	–0.217	.002	–0.276	0.095	–0.217	.004
ESS	Trust	–0.214	0.080	–0.136	.057	–0.075	0.113	–0.050	.510
NFC	Trust	–0.144	0.109	–0.080	.178	–0.67	0.130	–0.038	.609
RWA	Anger	0.305	0.130	0.290	.019	0.474	0.127	0.383	<.001
SDO	Anger	–0.122	0.112	–0.107	.275	–0.205	0.116	–0.162	.076
ESS	Anger	0.414	0.160	0.262	.010	0.208	0.144	0.139	.149
NFC	Anger	0.302	0.170	0.167	.076	0.107	0.155	0.062	.491
NFC	RWA	.708	0.140	0.413	<.001	0.502	0.118	0.359	<.001
NFC	SDO	.077	0.106	0.049	.465	0.027	0.087	0.020	.758
NFC	ESS	.178	0.088	0.156	.043	0.291	0.090	0.251	.001
Covariances:		Flemish Sample (N = 310)				Walloon Sample (N = 329)
From	To	Est.	SE	Std. Est.	p	Est.	SE	Std. Est.	P
Empathy	Trust	0.360	0.051	0.360	<.001	0.477	0.066	0.477	<.001
Empathy	Anger	–0.222	0.074	–0.222	<.001	–0.405	0.078	–0.405	<.001
Trust	Anger	–0.257	0.062	–0.257	<.001	–0.319	0.085	–0.319	<.001
RWA	SDO	0.376	0.064	0.496	<.001	0.199	0.045	0.336	<.001
RWA	ESS	0.194	0.044	0.358	<.001	0.112	0.039	0.229	.004
SDO	ESS	0.211	0.046	0.385	<.001	0.091	0.040	0.179	.023

[i] Note: NFC: need for closure; ESS: essentialism; RWA: right-wing authoritarianism; SDO: social dominance orientation.

Flemish Model. *Note*: Coefficients denote standardized parameter estimates.

Walloon Model. *Note*: Coefficients denote standardized parameter estimates.

Intergroup Reconciliation between Flemings and Walloons: The Predictive Value of Cognitive Style, Authoritarian Ideology, and Intergroup Emotions

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Figure 2

Figure 3

Paradigm

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