References
- Aarons G. A. Brown S. A. Stice E. Coe M. T. Psychometric evaluation of the marijuana and stimulant effect expectancy questionnaires for adolescents Addictive Behaviors 2001 26 2 219 236 10.1016/S0306-4603(00)00103-9
- Alfonso J. Dunn M. E. Differences in the marijuana expectancies of adolescents in relation to marijuana use Substance Use and Misuse 2007 42 1009 1025 10.1080/10826080701212386 PMid: 17613960
- Barrett P. Structural equation modelling: Adjudging model fit Personality and Individual Differences 2007 42 5 815 824 10.1016/j.paid.2006.09.018
- Bentler P. M. Comparative fit indices in structural models Psychological Bulletin 1990 107 238 256 10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238 PMid: 2320703
- Bentler P. M. Bonett D. G. Significance tests and goodness-of-fit in the analysis of covariance structures Psychological Bulletin 1980 88 588 600 10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588
- Beraha E. M. Cousijn J. Hermanides E. Goudriaan A. E. Wiers R. W. Implicit associations and explicit expectancies toward cannabis in heavy cannabis users and controls Frontiers in Psychiatry 2013 4 59 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00059
- Bollen K. A. Structural equations with latent variables 1989 New York Wiley 10.1002/9781118619179
- Browne M. W. Cudeck R. Single sample cross-validation indices for covariance structures Multivariate Behavioral Research 1989 24 445 455 10.1207/s15327906mbr2404_4
- Buchanan C. M. Eccles J. S. Becker J. B. Are adolescents the victims of raging hormones: Evidence for activational effects of hormones on moods and behavior at adolescence Psychological Bulletin 1992 111 62 107 10.1037/0033-2909.111.1.62 PMid: 1539089
- Buckner J. D. Bonn-Miller M. O. Zvolensky M. J. Schmidt N. B. Marijuana use motives and social anxiety among marijuana-using young adults Addictive Behaviors 2007 32 10 2238 2252 10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.04.004
- Buckner J. D. Crosby R. D. Silgado J. Wonderlich S. A. Schmidt N. B. Immediate antecedents of marijuana use: An analysis from ecological momentary assessment Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 2012 43 1 647 655 10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.09.010
- Buckner J. D. Heimberg R. G. Schmidt N. B. Social anxiety and marijuana-related problems: The role of social avoidance Addictive Behaviors 2011 36 1–2 129 132 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.08.015
- Buckner J. D. Schmidt N. B. Marijuana effect expectancies: Relations to social anxiety and marijuana use problems Addictive Behaviors 2008 33 11 1477 1483 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.06.017
- Buckner J. D. Schmidt N. B. Social anxiety disorder and marijuana use problems: The mediating role of marijuana effect expectancies Depression and Anxiety 2009 26 9 864 870 10.1002/da.20567
- Buckner J. D. Silgado J. Schmidt N. B. Marijuana craving during a public speaking challenge: Understanding marijuana use vulnerability among women and those with social anxiety disorder Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 2011 42 1 104 110 10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.07.005
- Connor J. P. Gullo M. J. Feeney G. F. Young R. M. Validation of the Cannabis Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ) in adult cannabis users in treatment Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2011 115 3 167 174 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.025
- Degenhardt L. Coffey C. Romaniuk H. Swift W. Carlin J. B. Hall W. D. The persistence of the association between adolescent cannabis use and common mental disorders into young adulthood Addiction 2012 108 124 133 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04015.x
-
EMCDDA
2012 annual report: The state of the drugs problem in Europe
2012
Retrieved from:
http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/annual-report/2012 - Fergusson D. M. Horwood L. J. Swain-Campbell N. Cannabis use and psychosocial adjustment in adolescence and young adulthood Addiction 2002 97 9 1123 1135 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00103.x PMid: 12199828
- Ford J. MacCallum R. Tait M. The application of factor analysis in applied psychology: A critical review and analysis Personnel Psychology 1986 39 291 314 10.1111/j.1744-6570.1986.tb00583.x
- Gaher R. M. Simons J. S. Evaluations and expectancies of alcohol and marijuana problems among college students Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 2007 21 4 545 554 10.1037/0893-164X.21.4.545
- Galen L. W. Henderson M. J. Validation of cocaine and marijuana effect expectancies in a treatment setting Addictive Behaviors 1999 24 5 719 724 10.1016/S0306-4603(98)00110-5
- Greenwald A. G. McGhee D. E. Schwartz J. K. L. Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The Implicit Association Test Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1998 74 1464 1480 10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464
- Guillem E. Notides C. Vorspan F. Debray M. Nieto I. Leroux M. Cannabis expectancies in substance misusers: French validation of the marijuana effect expectancy questionnaire American Journal on Addictions 2011 20 6 543 554 10.3109/10884602.2011.616604
- Hair J. F. Anderson R. E. Tatham R. L. Black W. C. Multivariate data analysis 1998 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall
- Hair J. F. Black W. C. Babin B. J. Anderson R. E. Multivariate data analysis 2009 7th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall PMCid: PMC2791323
- Hayaki J. Hagerty C. E. Herman D. S. de Dios M. A. Anderson B. J. Stein M. D. Expectancies and marijuana use frequency and severity among young females Addictive Behaviors 2010 35 11 995 1000 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.06.017
- Hu L. T. Bentler P. M. Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 1999 6 1 55 10.1080/10705519909540118
-
Kenny
D. A.
Measuring model fit
2014
Available from
http://davidakenny.net/cm/fit.htm - Kokkevi A. Nic Gabhainn S. Spyropoulou M. Early initiation of cannabis use: A cross-national European perspective Journal of Adolescent Health 2006 39 5 712 719 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.05.009
- Kristjansson S. D. Agrawal A. Lynskey M. T. Chassin L. A. Marijuana expectancies and relationships with adolescent and adult marijuana use Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2012 126 1–2 102 110 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.04.024
-
Larson
R.
Asmussen
L.
Colten
M. E.
Gore
S.
Anger, worry, and hurt in early adolescence: An enlarging world of negative emotions Adolescent stress: Causes and consequences 1991 New York Aldine de Gruyter 21 41 PMid: 1942065 - Linkovich-Kyle T. L. Dunn M. E. Consumption-related differences in the organization and activation of marijuana expectancies in memory Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 2001 9 334 342 10.1037/1064-1297.9.3.334
- Lynskey M. Heath A. C. Bucholz K. K. Slutske W. S. Madden P. A. Nelson E. C. Escalation of drug use in early-onset cannabis users vs co-twin controls JAMA 2003 289 427 433 10.1001/jama.289.4.427 PMid: 12533121
- MacCallum R. C. Browne M. W. Sugawara H. M. Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling Psychological Methods 1996 1 130 149 10.1037/1082-989X.1.2.130
- Muthen L. K. Muthen B. O. Mplus user’s guide 2010 6th ed. Los Angeles Muthen & Muthen
- Neighbors C. Geisner I. M. Lee C. M. Perceived marijuana norms and social expectancies among entering college student marijuana users Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 2008 22 3 433 438 10.1037/0893-164X.22.3.433
- Nunnally J. C. Psychometric theory 1978 New York McGraw-Hill (revised)
- Patton G. C. Coffey C. Carlin J. B. Degenhardt L. Lynskey M. Hall W. Cannabis use and mental health in young people: Cohort study British Medical Journal 2002 325 1195 1198 10.1136/bmj.325.7374.1195 PMid: 12446533; PMCid: PMC135489
- Perez A. Ariza C. Sanchez–Martinez F. Nebot M. Cannabis consumption initiation among adolescents: A longitudinal study Addictive Behaviors 2010 35 2 129 134 10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.09.018
- Piontek D. Kraus L. Bjarnason T. Demetrovics Z. Ramstedt M. Individual and Country-Level Effects of Cannabis-Related Perceptions on Cannabis Use. A Multilevel Study Among Adolescents in 32 European Countries Journal of Adolescent Health 2013 52 4 473 479 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.07.010
- Ramo D. E. Liu H. Prochaska J. J. Validity and reliability of the nicotine and marijuana interaction expectancy (NAMIE) questionnaire Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2013 131 1–2 166 170 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.12.018
- Schafer J. Brown S. A. Marijuana and cocaine effect expectancies and drug use patterns Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1991 59 4 558 565 10.1037/0022-006X.59.4.558 PMid: 1918560
- Schmits E. Mathys C. Quertemont E. Is social anxiety associated with cannabis use? The role of cannabis use effect expectancies in middle adolescence Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse in press
- Schmits E. Mathys C. Quertemont E. A longitudinal study of cannabis use initiation among high school students: Effects of social anxiety, expectancies, peers and alcohol Journal of adolescence 2015 41 43 52 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.02.009 PMid: 25800726
- Schwartz G. Estimating the dimension of a model Annals of Statistics 1978 6 461 464 10.1214/aos/1176344136
- Sclove L. S. Application of model-selection criteria to some problems in multivariate analysis Psychometrika 1987 52 333 343 10.1007/BF02294360
- Shrout P. E. Bolger N. Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations Psychological Methods 2002 7 4 422 445 10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.422 PMid: 12530702
- Simons J. S. Arens A. M. Moderating effects of sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward on associations between marijuana effect expectancies and use Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 2007 21 3 409 414 10.1037/0893-164X.21.3.409
- Skenderian J. J. Siegel J. T. Crano W. D. Alvaro E. E. Lac A. Expectancy change and adolescents’ intentions to use marijuana Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 2008 22 4 563 569 10.1037/a0013020
- Spear L. P. Assessment of adolescent neurotoxicity: Rationale and methodological considerations Neurotoxicology and Teratology 2007 29 1 9 10.1016/j.ntt.2006.11.006 PMid: 17222532; PMCid: PMC1919405
- Torrealday O. Stein L. A. Barnett N. Golembeske C. Lebeau R. Colby S. M. Validation of the Marijuana Effect Expectancy Questionnaire – Brief Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse 2008 17 4 1 17 10.1080/15470650802231861
- Velicer W. F. Fava J. L. Effects of variables and subject sampling on factor pattern recovery Psychological Methods 1998 3 231 251 10.1037/1082-989X.3.2.231
- Wang J. Wang X. Structural equation modeling: Applications using Mplus 2012 Chichester, UK Wiley 10.1002/9781118356258
- Wiers R. W. Wood M. D. Darkes J. Corbin W. R. Jones B. T. Sher K. J. Changing expectancies: Cognitive mechanisms and context effects Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 2003 27 2 186 197 10.1097/01.ALC.0000051023.28893.8A
- Willner P. A view through the gateway: Expectancies as a possible pathway from alcohol to cannabis Addiction 2001 96 5 691 703 10.1080/09652140020039062
- Young R. Kavanagh D. J. The Cannabis Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ) 1997 Brisbane, Australia University of Queensland
-
Zvolensky
M. J.
Bonn-Miller
M. O.
Leyro
T. M.
Johnson
K. A.
Bernstein
A.
Johnson
B. A.
Marijuana: An overview of the empirical literature Addiction medicine 2010 New York Springer 445 461 10.1007/978-1-4419-0338-9_20