References
- Alderfer, C. (1972). Existence, relatedness and growth: Human needs in organizational settings. New York: Free Press.
- Alruwayti, H., & Sulphey, M. M. (2024). Can core self-evaluation, workplace spirituality, and mindfulness result in task performance: Evidence from Saudi Arabian organizations. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 22(3), 39–54. 10.21511/ppm.22(3).2024.04
- Álvarez Ramírez, L. Y., & Cáceres Hernández, L. (2010). Resiliencia, rendimiento académico Y variables sociodemográficas en estudiantes Universitarios de Bucaramanga (Colombia). Psicología Iberoamericana, 18(2), 37–46. 10.48102/pi.v18i2.252
- Atwater, L., & Carmeli, A. (2009). Leader–member exchange, feelings of energy, and involvement in creative work. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(3), 264–275. 10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.07.009
- Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27–45. 10.1177/1073191105283504
- Bakker, A. B., van Veldhoven, M., & Xanthopoulou, D. (2010). Beyond the demand-control model. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 9(1), 3–16. 10.1027/1866-5888/a000006
- Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 1–26. 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1
- Basinska, B. A. (2017).
Thriving in a multicultural workplace . In M. Rozkwitalska, Ł. Sułkowski, & S. Magala (Eds.), Intercultural interactions in the multicultural workplace: Traditional and positive organizational scholarship (pp. 109–121). Springer International Publishing/Springer Nature. 10.1007/978-3-319-39771-9_8 - Benson, P. L., & Scales, P. C. (2009). The definition and preliminary measurement of thriving in adolescence. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(1), 85–104. 10.1080/17439760802399240
- Berenskoetter, F. (2016). Approaches to concept analysis. Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 45(2), 151–173. 10.1177/0305829816651934
- Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, Trauma, and Human Resilience: Have We Underestimated the Human Capacity to Thrive After Extremely Aversive Events? American Psychologist, 59(1), 20–28. 10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.20
- Brassey, J., et al. (2024). Working nine to thrive. McKinsey Health Institute. Available at
https://www.mckinsey.com/mhi/our-insights/working-nine-to-thrive - Brown, D. J., Arnold, R., Standage, M., & Fletcher, D. (2017). Thriving on pressure: A factor mixture analysis of sport performers’ responses to competitive encounters. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 39(6), 423–437. 10.1123/jsep.2016-0293
- Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. 10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822
- Bugental, D. B. (2004). Thriving in the Face of Early Adversity. Journal of Social Issues, 60(1), 219–235. 10.1111/j.0022-4537.2004.00108.x
- Bundick, M. J., Yeager, D. S., King, P. E., & Damon, W. (2010). Thriving across the life span. The Handbook of Life-Span Development. 10.1002/9780470880166.hlsd001024
- Byrne, E. K., & Thatchenkery, T. (2019). Cultivating creative workplaces through mindfulness. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 32(1), 15–31. 10.1108/JOCM-10-2017-0387
- Cao, M., Zhao, S., Chen, J., & Lv, H. (2023). Employees’ HR attributions count: The effects of high-performance work systems on employees’ thriving at work and emotional exhaustion. Personnel Review, 53(4), 835–856. 10.1108/pr-09-2021-0632
- Carle, A. C., & Chassin, L. (2004). Resilience in a community sample of children of alcoholics: Its prevalence and relation to internalizing symptomatology and positive affect. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 25(5), 577–595. 10.1016/j.appdev.2004.08.005
- Carmeli, A., & Spreitzer, G. M. (2009). Trust, connectivity, and thriving: Implications for innovative behaviors at work. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 43(3), 169–191. 10.1002/j.2162-6057.2009.tb01313.x
- Carver, C. S. (1998). Resilience and thriving: Issues, models, and linkages. Journal of Social Issues, 54(2), 245–266. 10.1111/0022-4537.641998064
- Chang, W., & Busser, J. A. (2020). Hospitality career retention: The role of contextual factors and thriving at work. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(1), 193–211. 10.1108/ijchm-10-2018-0831
- Coe-Nesbitt, H. A., Soleas, E. K., Moucessian, A. M., Arghash, N., & Kutsyuruba, B. (2021). Conceptualizing Thriving: An exploration of students’ perceptions of positive functioning within graduate education. Frontiers in Education, 6. 10.3389/feduc.2021.704135
- Cohn, M. A., Fredrickson, B. L., Brown, S. L., Mikels, J. A., & Conway, A. M. (2009). Happiness unpacked: Positive emotions increase life satisfaction by building resilience. Emotion, 9(3), 361–368. 10.1037/a0015952
- Collins, R. (2014). Skills for the 21st Century: Teaching Higher-Order Thinking. Curriculum & Leadership Journal, 12, 10.
- Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Connor–Davidson resilience scale. PsycTESTS Dataset. 10.1037/t06346-000
- De la Fuente, J., & Amate, J. (2019). Unpleasant past experience as a determinant of cognitive, behavioral and physiological responses to academic stress in professional examination candidates. Anales de Psicología, 35(3), 472–482. 10.6018/analesps.35.3.323101
- De la Fuente, J., Fernández-Cabezas, M., Cambil, M., Vera, M. M., González-Torres, M. C., & Artuch-Garde, R. (2017). Linear relationship between resilience, learning approaches, and coping strategies to predict achievement in undergraduate students. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01039
- Ding, H., & Chu, X. (2020). Employee strengths use and thriving at work: The roles of self-efficacy and perceived humble leadership. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 19(4), 197–205. 10.1027/1866-5888/a000262
- Eigenbrode, S. D., O’rourke, M., Wulfhorst, J. D., Althoff, D. M., Goldberg, C. S., Merrill, K., Morse, W., Nielsen-Pincus, M., Stephens, J., Winowiecki, L., & Bosque-Pérez, N. A. (2007). Employing philosophical dialogue in collaborative science. BioScience, 57(1), 55–64. 10.1641/b570109
- Ellaban, A. A., Shusha, A. A., & Rakha, S. A. (2025). The Role of Thriving at Work in the Relationship between Paradoxical Leadership and Employee Voice: Evidence from Communication and Information Technology Companies in Egypt. Scientific Journal for Financial and Commercial Studies and Research, 6(2), 933–967. 10.21608/cfdj.2025.388771.2273
- Elsayed, A. M., Mahgoub, I. G., & Abdelaziz, M. A. A. (2025). Playful work design and thriving in academia: The mediating role of work-related flow. BMC Psychology, 13(1). 10.1186/s40359-025-03161-6
- Feeney, B. C., & Collins, N. L. (2015). A new look at social support: A theoretical perspective on thriving through relationships. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 19(2), 113–147. 10.1177/1088868314544222
- Fisher, G., & Aguinis, H. (2017). Using theory elaboration to make theoretical advancements. Organizational Research Methods, 20(3), 438–464. 10.1177/1094428116689707
- Fredrickson, B. L. (2006).
The Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions . In M. Csikszentmihalyi & I. S. Csikszentmihalyi (Eds.), A life worth living: Contributions to positive psychology (pp. 85–103). Oxford University Press. 10.1093/oso/9780195176797.003.0006 - Gallup. (2025). State of the Global Workplace: Understanding Employees, Informing Leaders. Available at
https://www.gallup.com/workplace/349484/state-of-the-global-workplace.aspx#ite-659738 - Goh, Z., Eva, N., Kiazad, K., Jack, G. A., De Cieri, H., & Spreitzer, G. M. (2022). An integrative multilevel review of thriving at work: Assessing progress and promise. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 43(2), 197–213. 10.1002/job.2571
- Guzzini, S. (2013). The ends of International Relations theory: Stages of reflexivity and modes of theorizing. European Journal of International Relations, 19(3), 521–541. 10.1177/1354066113494327
- Haas, M. (2015). Bouncing forward: Transforming bad breaks into breakthroughs. Enliven Books.
- Haight, B. K., Barba, B. E., Courts, N. F., & Tesh, A. S. (2002). Thriving: A Life Span Theory. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 28(3), 14–22. 10.3928/0098-9134-20020301-05
- Hall, D. T. (1998). Protean careers of the 21st century. The Academy of Management Executive, 10, 4–15. 10.5465/ame.1996.3145315
- Hall, J. M., Roman, M. W., Thomas, S. P., Travis, C. B., Powell, J., Tennison, C. R., Moyers, K., Shoffner, D. H., Bolton, K. M., Broyles, T., Martin, T., & McArthur, P. M. (2009). Thriving as becoming resolute in narratives of women surviving childhood maltreatment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 79(3), 375–386. 10.1037/a0016531
- Harris, E. G., Artis, A. B., Walters, J. H., & Licata, J. W. (2006). Role stressors, service worker job resourcefulness, and job outcomes: An empirical analysis. Journal of Business Research, 59(4), 407–415. 10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.06.003
- Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L. (2002). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 268–279. 10.1037/0021-9010.87.2.268
- He, J., Li, X., Wang, H., & Xu, Z. (2023). A study on the relationship between mindfulness and work performance of web editors: Based on the chain mediating effect of workplace spirituality and digital competencies. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1068735
- Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. 10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513
- Holloway, J. (2025).
Visualization and Mindfulness for a Growth Mindset . In J. M. Chonody (Ed.), Teaching Activities for Social Work. Springer, Cham. 10.1007/978-3-031-95060-5_11 - Ish-Shalom, P. (2021).
“Introduction.” In Concepts at Work: On the Linguistic Infrastructure of World Politics, edited by Piki Ish-Shalom, 1–23. University of Michigan Press. 10.3998/mpub.11719182 - Jaakkola, E. (2020). Designing conceptual articles: Four approaches. AMS Review, 10(1–2), 18–26. 10.1007/s13162-020-00161-0
- Jackson, D., Firtko, A., & Edenborough, M. (2007). Personal Resilience as a Strategy for Surviving and Thriving in the Face of Workplace Adversity: A Literature Review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 60, 1–9. 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04412.x
- Jackson, L. A., von Eye, A., Witt, E. A., Zhao, Y., & Fitzgerald, H. E. (2011). A longitudinal study of the effects of Internet use and videogame playing on academic performance and the roles of gender, race and income in these relationships. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(1), 228–239. 10.1016/j.chb.2010.08.001
- Jiang, F., Jiang, Y., Zhi, H., et al. (2017). Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Past, Present and Future. Stroke and Vascular Neurology, 2, 230–243. 10.1136/svn-2017-000101
- Jiang, Z. (2017). Proactive personality and career adaptability: The role of thriving at work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, 85–97. 10.1016/j.jvb.2016.10.003
- Jiang, Z., Hu, X., Wang, Z., & Griffin, M. A. (2023). Enabling workplace thriving: A multilevel model of positive affect, team cohesion, and task interdependence. Applied Psychology, 73(1), 323–350. 10.1111/apps.12481
- Jiang, Z., Wang, Y., Li, W., Peng, K. Z., & Wu, C. (2022). Career proactivity: A bibliometric literature review and a future research agenda. Applied Psychology, 72(1), 144–184. 10.1111/apps.12442
- Jnaneswar, K., & Sulphey, M. M. (2021). Workplace spirituality, self-compassion and mindfulness as antecedents of employee mental wellbeing. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 12(2), 269–292. 10.1108/sajbs-07-2020-0258
- Joseph, S., & Linley, P. A. (Eds.) (2008). Trauma, recovery, and growth: Positive psychological perspectives on posttraumatic stress. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 10.1002/9781118269718
- Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. Delacorte.
- Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Wherever you go, there you are: Mindfulness meditation in everyday life. Hyperion.
- Kanungo, R. N., & Menon, S. T. (2004). Managerial resourcefulness: the construct and its measurement. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 13(2), 129–152. 10.1177/097135570401300201
- Kanungo, R. N., & Misra, S. (1992). Managerial resourcefulness: A reconceptualization of management skills. Human Relations, 45(12), 1311–1332. 10.1177/001872679204501204
- Kaplan, A. (1964). The Conduct of Inquiry. Chandler.
- Keyes, C. L. M. (1998). Social well-being. Social Psychology Quarterly, 61(2), 121–140. 10.2307/2787065
- Keyes, C. L. M. (2002). The mental health continuum: From languishing to flourishing in life. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43, 207–222. 10.2307/3090197
- Keyes, C. L. M. (2003).
Complete mental health: An agenda for the 21st century . In C. L. M. Keyes & J. Haidt (Eds.), Flourishing: Positive psychology and the life well-lived (pp. 293–312). American Psychological Association. 10.1037/10594-013 - Keyes, C. L. M. (2007). Promoting and protecting mental health as flourishing: A complementary strategy for improving national mental health. American Psychologist, 62(2), 95–108. 10.1037/0003-066x.62.2.95
- Keyes, C. L. M., & Waterman, M. B. (2003).
Dimensions of well-being and mental health in adulthood . In M. H. Bornstein, L. Davidson, C. L. M. Keyes, & K. A. Moore (Eds.), Well-being: Positive development across the life course (pp. 477–497). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. - Khoury, B., Vergara, R. C., & Spinelli, C. (2022). Interpersonal mindfulness questionnaire: Scale development and validation. Mindfulness, 13(4), 1007–1031. 10.1007/s12671-022-01855-1
- Kleine, A. K., Rudolph, C., & Zacher, H. (2019). Thriving at Work: A meta-analysis. Center for Open Science. 10.31234/osf.io/k5xhg
- Knott, E., & Alejandro, A. (2024). From conceptual misalignment to reconceptualizing: Demonstrating the process of reconceptualization. Global Studies Quarterly, 4(3). 10.1093/isagsq/ksae077
- Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Prentice Hall.
- Langer, E. J. (1989).
Minding matters: The consequences of mindlessness–mindfulness . In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (pp. 137–173). Elsevier. Retrieved from 10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60307-X - Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2005).
A mediation model of job burnout . In A.-S. G. Antoniou & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Research companion to organizational health psychology (pp. 544–564). Edward Elgar Publishing. 10.4337/9781845423308.00046 - Li, X., Theisen, A., Seo, C., & Sibley, D. S. (2018). Resourcefulness: Current Insights and Future Directions for Family Scholars and Clinicians. The Family Journal, 26(4), 433–443. 10.1177/1066480718806521
- Lindgreen, A., Di Benedetto, C. A., & Beverland, M. B. (2021). How to write up case-study methodology sections. Industrial Marketing Management, 96, A7–A10. 10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.04.012
- Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. 10.1037/h0054346
- Maslow, A. H. (1954). Motivation and personality. Harpers.
- Maslow, A. H. (1965). Humanistic science and transcendent experiences. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 5(2), 219–227. 10.1177/002216786500500211
- Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development. American Psychologist, 56(3), 227–238. 10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.227
- Masten, A. S., & Reed, M.-G. J. (2002).
Resilience in development . In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 74–88). Oxford University Press. - Miele, D. B., Scholer, A. A., & Fujita, K. (2020).
Metamotivation: Emerging research on the regulation of motivational states . In Advances in Motivation Science (pp. 1–42). Elsevier. 10.1016/bs.adms.2019.10.001 - Musil, C. M., Wallace, M. K., Jeanblanc, A. B., Toly, V. B., Zauszniewski, J. A., & Burant, C. J. (2021). Theoretical and operational consideration of mindfulness, resilience, and resourcefulness. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 43(3), 210–218. 10.1177/0193945920956684
- Na-Nan, K., Pukkeeree, P., & Chaiprasit, K. (2020). Employee engagement in small and medium-sized enterprises in Thailand: The construction and validation of a scale to measure employees. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 37(9/10), 1325–1343. 10.1108/ijqrm-10-2018-0290
- Neidlinger, S. M., Peters, S. E., Gundersen, D. A., & Felfe, J. (2024). Thriving from work questionnaire: German translation and validation. BMC Public Health, 24(1). 10.1186/s12889-024-19037-0
- Niessen, C., Sonnentag, S., & Sach, F. (2012). Thriving at work—A diary study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(4), 468–487. 10.1002/job.763
- Nix, G. A., Ryan, R. M., Manly, J. B., et al. (1999). Revitalization through Self-Regulation: The Effects of Autonomous and Controlled Motivation on Happiness and Vitality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 35, 266–284. 10.1006/jesp.1999.1382
- O’Leary, V. E., & Ickovics, J. R. (1995). Resilience and thriving in response to challenge: An opportunity for a paradigm shift in women’s health. Women’s Health, 1, 121–142.
- Park, C. L. (1998). Stress-related growth and thriving through coping: The roles of personality and cognitive processes. Journal of Social Issues, 54(2), 267–277. 10.1111/0022-4537.651998065
- Paterson, T. A., Luthans, F., & Jeung, W. (2014). Thriving at Work: Impact of Psychological Capital and Supervisor Support. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35, 434–446. 10.1002/job.1907
- Peters, S. E., Gundersen, D. A., Katz, J. N., Sorensen, G., & Wagner, G. R. (2023). Thriving from Work Questionnaire: Dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the long and short form questionnaires. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 66(4), 281–296. 10.1002/ajim.23465
- Peters, S. E., Sorensen, G., Katz, J. N., Gundersen, D. A., & Wagner, G. R. (2021). Thriving from work: conceptualization and measurement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(13), 7196. 10.3390/ijerph18137196
- Piniel, K., & Albert, Á. (2019).
Motivation and flow . In The Palgrave Handbook of Motivation for Language Learning (pp. 579–597). Springer International Publishing. 10.1007/978-3-030-28380-3_28 - Pintrich, P. R. (2002). The role of metacognitive knowledge in learning, teaching, and assessing. Theory Into Practice, 41(4), 219–225. 10.1207/s15430421tip4104_3
- Porath, C., Spreitzer, G., Gibson, C., et al. (2012). Thriving at Work: Toward Its Measurement, Construct Validation, and Theoretical Refinement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33, 250–275. 10.1002/job.756
- Porath, C. L., & Bateman, T. S. (2006). Self-Regulation: From Goal Orientation to Job Performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(1), 185–192. 10.1037/0021-9010.91.1.185
- Prem, K., Cook, A. R., & Jit, M. (2017). Projecting social contact matrices in 152 countries using contact surveys and demographic data. PLOS Computational Biology, 13(9),
e1005697 . 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005697 - Rai, A., Kim, M., & Pereira, V. (2024). How supportive and challenging behaviors of leaders promote employees’ thriving at work: An examination of underlying mechanisms. Journal of Business Research, 172, 114439. 10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114439
- Rogers, C. R. (1961). On Becoming a Person: A Therapist’s View of Psychotherapy. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
- Rosenbaum, M. (1990).
The role of learned resourcefulness in self-control health behavior . In M. Rosenbaum (Ed.), Learned resourcefulness: On coping skills, self-control and adaptive behavior (pp. 3–30). Springer. - Rossetti, K. G., & Zlomke, K. R. (2021). Resourcefulness revisited: Further psychometric evaluation of resourcefulness scale. Stress and Health, 37(4), 631–639. 10.1002/smi.3024
- Rozkwitalska, M. (2016).
Cognition of the multicultural work environment in multinational corporations and intercultural interaction outcomes . In Contributions to Management Science (pp. 37–51). Springer International Publishing. 10.1007/978-3-319-39771-9_3 - Rubaca, U., & Khan, M. M. (2022). A multi-source diary study on the job resourcefulness, job satisfaction, and task performance: Will perceive organizational support moderate. Reviews of Management Sciences, 4(1), 108–124. 10.53909/rms.04.01.0142
- Ruparel, N., Choubisa, R., Seth, H., & Dubey, S. (2022). Mental toughness for employees: Towards conceptual clarity and scale development. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 72(6), 1791–1818. 10.1108/ijppm-01-2021-0011
- Russo, S. J., Murrough, J. W., Han, M. H., Charney, D. S., & Nestler, E. J. (2012). Neurobiology of resilience. Nat. Neuroscience, 15, 1475–1484. 10.1038/nn.3234
- Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: a review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 141–166. 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141
- Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2002).
Overview of self-determination theory: An organismic-dialectical perspective . In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Handbook of self-determination research (pp. 3–33). University of Rochester Press. - Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2020). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Definitions, theory, practices, and future directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 61, 101860. 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101860
- Ryan, R. M., & Frederick, C. (1997). On energy, personality, and health: Subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well-being. Journal of Personality, 65(3), 529–565. 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1997.tb00326.x
- Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069–1081. 10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
- Saakvitne, K. W., Tennen, H., & Affleck, G. (1998). exploring thriving in the context of clinical trauma theory: Constructivist selfdevelopment theory. Journal of Social Issues, 54, 279–299. 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1998.tb01219.x
- Sahin, F., Koksal, O., & Ucak, H. (2015). Measuring the relationship between managerial resourcefulness and job performance. Procedia Economics, and Finance, 23(1), 878–84. 10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00335-4
- Sarkar, M., & Fletcher, D. (2014). Ordinary magic, extraordinary performance: Psychological resilience and thriving in high achievers. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 3(1), 46–60. 10.1037/spy0000003
- Sartori, G. (1970). Concept misformation in comparative politics. American Political Science Review, 64(4), 1033–1053. 10.2307/1958356
- Scheidgen, K., Günzel-Jensen, F., & Schmidt, S. L. (2025). Entrepreneurial resourcefulness throughout crisis, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 49(2), 502–538. 10.1177/10422587241269067
- Scheier, M. E., & Carver, C. S. (1987). Dispositional optimism and physical well-being: The influence of generalized outcome expectancies on health. Journal of Personality, 55(2), 169–210. 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1987.tb00434.x
- Schneider, W. (2008). The Development of Metacognitive Knowledge in Children and Adolescents: Major Trends and Implications for Education. Mind, Brain, and Education, 2, 114–121. 10.1111/j.1751-228X.2008.00041.x
- Schreiner, L. A. (2010). The “thriving quotient.” About Campus: Enriching the Student Learning Experience, 15(2), 2–10. 10.1002/abc.20016
- Schuman-Olivier, Z., Gawande, R., Creedon, T. B., Comeau, A., Griswold, T., Smith, L. B., To, M. N., Wilson, C. L., Loucks, E. B., & Cook, B. L. (2024). Change starts with the body: Interoceptive appreciation mediates the effect of mindfulness training on behavior change – an effect moderated by depression severity. Psychiatry Research, 342, 116230. 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116230
- Shapiro, S. L., & Carlson, L. E. (2017). The art and science of mindfulness: Integrating mindfulness into psychology and the helping professions (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association. 10.1037/0000022-000
- Sheldon, K. M., Elliot, A. J., Kim, Y., & Kasser, T. (2001). What is satisfying about satisfying events? Testing 10 candidate psychological needs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(2), 325–339. 10.1037//0022-3514.80.2.325
- Simpson, J. A., Weiner, E. S. C., Murray, J. A. H., & Burchfield, R. W. (Eds.). (1989). The Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.). Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
- Sinkovics, N., Sinkovics, R. R., Hoque, S. F., & Czaban, L. (2015). A reconceptualisation of social value creation as social constraint alleviation. Critical Perspectives on International Business, 11(3/4), 340–363. 10.1108/cpoib-06-2014-0036
- Smith, B., Albonico, K., deCruz-Dixon, N., Phan, A., Guzman, A., & Schodt, K. (2023). The brief thriving scale: Assessing the ability to learn, grow, and find benefits in stressful events. International Journal of Well-being, 13(3), 134–150. 10.5502/ijw.v13i3.2801
- Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P., & Bernard, J. (2008). The brief resilience scale: Assessing the ability to bounce back. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15(3), 194–200. 10.1080/10705500802222972
- Soanes, C., & Stevenson, A. (2005). Oxford dictionary of English (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
- Spreitzer, G., Bacevice, P., & Garrett, L. (2019).
Workplace design, the physical environment, and human thriving at work . In Organizational Behaviour and the Physical Environment (pp. 235–250). Routledge. 10.4324/9781315167237-13 - Spreitzer, G., Porath, C. L., & Gibson, C. B. (2012). Toward human sustainability: How to enable more thriving at work. Organizational Dynamics, 41(2), 155–162. 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2012.01.009
- Spreitzer, G., Sutcliffe, K., Dutton, J., Sonenshein, S., & Grant, A. M. (2005). A socially embedded model of thriving at work. Organization Science, 16(5), 537–549. 10.1287/orsc.1050.0153
- Spreitzer, G. M., & Porath, C. (2014).
Self-determination as a nutriment for thriving: Building an integrative model of human growth at work . In M. Gagné (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Work Engagement, motivation, and self-determination theory (pp. 245–258). Oxford University Press. - Su, R., Tay, L., & Diener, E. (2014). The development and validation of the comprehensive inventory of thriving (CIT) and the brief inventory of thriving (BIT). Applied Psychology: Health and Well-being, 6(3), 251–279. 10.1111/aphw.12027
- Sulphey, M. M. (2020). A study on the effect of long-term orientation and risk propensity on resilience. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 40(11/12), 1585–1610. 10.1108/ijssp-09-2019-0192
- Sulphey, M. M., & Jasim, K. M. (2025). Can paradoxical leadership revert silence imposed by corporate hypocrisy and organizational inertia bring in voice behavior: An examination using SEM. SAGE Open, 15(2). 10.1177/21582440251341673
- Thomas, S. P., & Hall, J. M. (2008). Life trajectories of female child abuse survivors thriving in adulthood. Qualitative Health Research, 18(2), 149–166. 10.1177/1049732307312201
- Treves, I. N., Chen, Y. Y., Wilson, C. L., Verdonk, C., Qinàau, J., Pustejovsky, J. E., Goldberg, S. B., Mehling, W., Schuman-Olivier, Z., & Khalsa, S. S. (2025). A meta-analysis of the effects of mindfulness meditation training on self-reported interoception. Scientific Reports, 15(1). 10.1038/s41598-025-22661-4
- Tsui, A. S., & Ashford, S. J. (1994). Adaptive self-regulation: A process view of managerial effectiveness. Journal of Management, 20(1), 93–121. 10.1177/014920639402000105
- Tugade, M. M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2004). Resilient Individuals Use Positive Emotions to Bounce Back From Negative Emotional Experiences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86(2), 320–333. 10.1037/0022-3514.86.2.320
- Um-e-Rubbab, U.-R., Faiz, S., Safdar, S., & Mubarak, N. (2021). Impact of thriving at work on eustress and distress: Career growth as mediator. European Journal of Training and Development, 46(1/2), 178–193. 10.1108/ejtd-08-2020-0130
- Usman, M., Ghani, U., Islam, Z. U., Gul, H., & Mahmood, K. (2022). Ambidextrous leadership and innovative work behaviors: Workplace thriving as a mediator. Journal of Public Affairs, 22(1),
e2321 . 10.1002/pa.2321 - Usman, M., Liu, Y., Mehmood, Q., & Ghani, U. (2023). Does employee work-related curiosity predict workplace thriving? The moderating role of core-self evaluations. Evidence-Based HRM: A Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 11(4), 611–627. 10.1108/ebhrm-07-2022-0164
- VandeWalle, D. (1997). Development and validation of a work domain goal orientation instrument. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 57(6), 995–1015. 10.1177/0013164497057006009
- Wallace, J. C., Butts, M. M., Johnson, P. D., Stevens, F. G., & Smith, M. B. (2013). A multilevel model of employee innovation: understanding the effects of regulatory focus, thriving, and employee involvement climate. Journal of Management, 20(10), 1–23.
- Weng, Q., McElroy, J. C., Morrow, P. C., & Liu, R. (2010). The relationship between career growth and organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 77(3), 391–400. 10.1016/j.jvb.2010.05.003
- Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a Job: Revisioning Employees as Active Crafters of Their Work. Academy of Management Review, 25, 179–201. 10.2307/259118
- Yang, Y., Li, Z., Liang, L., & Zhang, X. (2019). Why and when paradoxical leader behavior impact employee creativity: Thriving at work and psychological safety. Current Psychology, 40(4), 1911–1922. 10.1007/s12144-018-0095-1
- Zauszniewski, J. A., Fulton-Picot, S. J., Roberts, B. L., Debanne, S. M., & Wykle, M. L. (2005). Predictors of resourcefulness in African American women, Journal of Aging and Health, 17, 609–633. 10.1177/0898264305279871
- Zauszniewski, J. A., Lai, C. Y., & Tithiphontumrong, S. (2006). Development and testing of the resourcefulness scale for older adults. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 14(1), 57–68. 10.1891/jnum.14.1.57
- Zhao, Y., Abu Hasan, N., Arshad, R., & Abdullah, N. A. (2025). Exploring thriving at work: A systematic literature review and future research directions. International Journal of Business and Society, 26(2), 646–667. 10.33736/ijbs.8367.2025
- Zheng, X., Ni, D., Liu, X., & Liang, L. H. (2022). Workplace mindfulness: Multidimensional model, scale development and validation. Journal of Business and Psychology, 38(4), 777–801. 10.1007/s10869-022-09814-2
- Zoghbi-Manrique-de-Lara, P., Viera-Armas, M., & De Blasio García, G. (2019). Does supervisors’ mindfulness keep employees from engaging in cyberloafing out of compassion at work? Personnel Review, 49(2), 670–687. 10.1108/pr-12-2017-0384