References
- 1Bachmann, C., & Gooch, B. (2019). LGBT in Britain: Trans Report, produced by YouGov and Stonewall. Available at:
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/system/files/lgbt_in_britain_-_trans_report_final.pdf [Last accessed on 27 February 2022]. - 2Bezrukova, K., Spell, C., Perry, J., & Jehn, K. (2016). A meta-analytical integration of over 40 years of research on diversity training evaluation. Psychological Bulletin, 142(11), 1227–1274. DOI: 10.1037/bul0000067
- 3Black, D., & Grant, J. (2014). DSM-5® Guidebook: The Essential Companion to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.
- 4Bossink, L., van der Putten, A., & Vlaskamp, C. (2017). Understanding low levels of physical activity in people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review to identify barriers and facilitators. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 68(1), 95–110. DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.06.008
- 5Care Quality Commission. (2021). Gender Identity Services Inspection Report. Available at:
https://api.cqc.org.uk/public/v1/reports/7ecf93b7-2b14-45ea-a317-53b6f4804c24?20210301173155 [Last accessed 28 February 2022] - 6Castonguay, A., Wrosch, C., Pila, E., & Sabiston, C. (2017). Body-Related Shame and Guilt Predict Physical Activity in Breast Cancer Survivors Over Time. Oncology Nursing Forum, 44(4), 465–475. DOI: 10.1188/17.ONF.465-475
- 7Celik, H., Amba, T., Klinge, I., & Widdershoven, G. (2012). Process evaluation of a diversity training program: The value of a mixed method strategy. Evaluation and Program Planning, 35(1), 54–65. DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2011.07.001
- 8Cheever, J., & Eisenberg, M. (2020). Team Sports and Sexual Violence: Examining Perpetration by and Victimization of Adolescent Males and Females. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(1–2), 400–422. DOI: 10.1177/0886260520915549
- 9Dodgson, J. (2019). Reflexivity in Qualitative Research. Journal of Human Lactation, 35(2), 220–222. DOI: 10.1177/0890334419830990
- 10Elegbede, J., Pilkington, P., Gray, S., & Powell, J. (2019). Barriers and facilitators of physical activity among adults and older adults from Black and Minority Ethnic groups in the UK: A systematic review of qualitative studies. Preventative Medicine Reports, 15, 100952. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100952
- 11Elling-Machartzki, A. (2017). Extraordinary body-self narratives: sport and physical activity in the lives of transgender people. Leisure Studies, 36(2), 256–268. DOI: 10.1080/02614367.2015.1128474
- 12Englefield, L., Cunningham, D., Mahoney, A., Stone, T., & Torrance, H. (2016). Sport, physical activity & LGBT: A study by pride sports for sport England. Available at:
https://sportengland-production-files.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/pride-sport-sport-physical-activity-and-lgbt-report-2016.pdf [Last accessed 27 February 2022]. - 13Franco, M., Tong, A., Howard, K., Sherrington, C., Ferreira, P., Pinto, R., & Ferreira, M. (2015). Older people’s perspectives on participation in physical activity: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(19), 1268–1276. DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-094015
- 14Fredriksen-Goldsen, K., Cook-Daniels, L., Kim, H., Erosheva, E., Emlet, C., Hoy-Ellis, C., Goldsen, J., & Muraco, A. (2013). Physical and Mental Health of Transgender Older Adults: An At-Risk and Underserved Population. The Gerontological Society of America, 54(3), 488–500. DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnt021
- 15Glowacki, K., Duncan, M., Gainforth, H., & Faulkner, G. (2017). Barriers and facilitators to physical activity and exercise among adults with depression: A scoping review. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 13(1), 108–119. DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2017.10.001
- 16Gorczynski, P., & Brittain, D. (2016). Call to Action: The Need for an LGBT-Focused Physical Activity Research Strategy. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 51(4), 527–530. DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.03.022
- 17Government Equalities Office. (2013). Equality Act 2010: guidance. Available at:
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/equality-act-2010-guidance [Last accessed 27 February 2022]. - 18Greenspan, S., Griffith, C., Hayes, C., & Murtagh, E. (2019). LGBTQ + and ally youths’ school athletics perspectives: a mixed-method analysis. Journal of LGBT Youth, 16(4), 403–434. DOI: 10.1080/19361653.2019.1595988
- 19Herrick, S., & Duncan, L. (2017). A Systematic Scoping Review of Engagement in Physical Activity Among LGBTQ+ Adults. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 15(3), 226–232. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0292
- 20Herrick, S., & Duncan, L. (2018). A Qualitative Exploration of LGBTQ+ and Intersecting Identities Within Physical Activity Contexts. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 40(6), 325–335. DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2018-0090
- 21Herrick, S., & Duncan, L. (2020). Locker-Room Experiences Among LGBTQ+ Adults. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 42(3), 227–239. DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2019-0133
- 22Hoffarth, M., & Hodson, G. (2018). When intergroup contact is uncommon and bias is strong: the case of anti-transgender bias. Psychology & Sexuality, 9(3), 237–250. DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2018.1470107
- 23Jackson, S., & Steptoe, A. (2017). Association between perceived weight discrimination and physical activity: a population-based study among English middle-aged and older adults. BMJ Open, 7(3),
e014592 . DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014592 - 24Johns, M., Lowry, R., Andrzejewski, J., Barrios, L., Demissie, Z., McManus, T., Rasberry, C., Robin, L., & Underwood, M. (2019). Transgender Identity and Experiences of Violence Victimization, Substance Use, Suicide Risk, and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among High School Students — 19 States and Large Urban School Districts. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 68(1), 67–71. DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6803a3
- 25Jones, B., Arcelus, J., Bouman, W., & Haycraft, E. (2017). Barriers and facilitators of physical activity and sport participation among young transgender adults who are medically transitioning. International Journal of Transgenderism, 18(2), 227–238. DOI: 10.1080/15532739.2017.1293581
- 26Jones, B., Arcelus, J., Bouman, W., & Haycraft, E. (2017). Sport and Transgender People: A Systematic Review of the Literature Relating to Sport Participation and Competitive Sport Policies. Sports Medicine, 47(1), 701–716. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-016-0621-y
- 27Jones, B., Haycraft, E., Bouman, W., & Arcelus, J. (2018). The Levels and Predictors of Physical Activity Engagement Within the Treatment-Seeking Transgender Population: A Matched Control Study. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 15(2), 99–107. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0298
- 28Judge, C., O’Donovan, C., Callaghan, G., Gaoatswe, G., & O’Shea, D. (2014). Gender Dysphoria – Prevalence and Co-Morbidities in an Irish Adult Population. Frontiers in Endocrinology (Lausanne), 5(1), 1–5. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00087
- 29Konrad, M., & Kostev, K. (2020). Increased prevalence of depression, anxiety, and adjustment and somatoform disorders in transsexual individuals Journal of Affective Disorders, 247(1), 482–485. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.074
- 30Kulick, A., Wernick, L., Espinoza, M., Newman, T., & Dessel, A. (2019). Three strikes and you’re out: culture, facilities and participation among LGBTQ youth in sports. Sport Education and Society, 24(9), 939–953. DOI: 10.1080/13573322.2018.1532406
- 31Kuyper, L., & Wijsen, C. (2014). Gender identities and gender dysphoria in the Netherlands. Archive of Sexual Behaviour, 43(2), 377–85. DOI: 10.1007/s10508-013-0140-y
- 32Lefebvre, C., Glanville, J., Briscoe, S., Littlewood, A., Marshall, C., Metzendorf, M., Noel-Storr, A., Rader, T., Shokraneh, F., Thomas, J., & Wieland, L. (2019).
Chapter 4: Searching for and selecting studies . In: J. Higgins, J. Thomas, J. Chandler, M. Cumpston, T. Li, M. Page & V. Welch (Eds.), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, 6.2 ed. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons. DOI: 10.1002/9781119536604.ch4 - 33Lindsay, S., & Edwards, A. (2012). A systematic review of disability awareness interventions for children and youth. Disability and Rehabilitation, 35(8), 623–646. DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2012.702850
- 34Long, J., Hylton, K., Spracklen, K., Ratna, A., & Bailey, S. (2009). Systematic Review of the Literature on Black and Minority Ethnic Communities in Sport and Physical Recreation. Sporting Equals and the Sports Council, Available at:
https://eprints.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/id/eprint/596/ [Last accessed 28 February 2022]. - 35López-Cañada, E., Devís-Devís, J., Valencia-Peris, A., Pereira-García, S., Fuentes-Miguel, J., & Pérez-Samaniego, V. (2020). Physical Activity and Sport in Trans Persons Before and After Gender Disclosure: Prevalence, Frequency, and Type of Activities. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 17(6), 650–656. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0192
- 36Mikkelsen, K., Stojanovska, L., Polenakovic, M., Bosevskic, M., & Apostolopoulos, V. (2017). Exercise and mental health. Maturitas, 106(1), 48–56. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.09.003
- 37Molanorouzi, K., Khoo, S., & Morris, T. (2015). Motives for adult participation in physical activity: type of activity, age, and gender. BMC Public Health, 15, 66. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1429-7
- 38NICE. (2012).
Appendix H Quality appraisal checklist – qualitative studies . Methods for the development of NICE public health guidance (third edition): Process and methods [PMG4] © NICE. Available at:https://www.nice.org.uk/process/pmg4/chapter/appendix-h-quality-appraisal-checklist-qualitative-studies [Last accessed 27 February 2022]. - 39Noyes, J., Booth, A., Cargo, M., Flemming, K., Harden, A., Harris, J., Garside, R., Hannes, K., Pantoja, T., & Thomas, J. (2020). Chapter 21: Qualitative evidence. In: J. Higgins, J. Thomas, J. Chandler, M. Cumpston, T. Li, M. Page & V. Welch (Eds.), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Version 6.1 (updated September 2020). Available at:
www.training.cochrane.org/handbook [Last accessed 30 December 2020]. - 40Peters, M., Godfrey, C., McInerney, P., Munn, Z., Tricco, A., & Khalil, H. (2020). Chapter 11: Scoping Reviews (2020 version). In: E. Aromataris & Z. Munn (Eds.), JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. DOI: 10.46658/JBIMES-20-12
- 41Pistella, J., Ioverno, S., Rodgers, M., & Russel, S. (2020). The contribution of school safety to weight related health behaviors for transgender youth. Journal of Adolescence, 78(1), 33–42. DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.12.001
- 42Reiner, M., Niermann, C., Jekauc, D., & Woll, A. (2013). Long-term health benefits of physical activity – a systematic review of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health, 13, 813. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-813
- 43Reisner, S., Gamarel, K., Dunham, E., Hopwood, R., & Hwahng, S. (2013). Female-to-Male Transmasculine Adult Health: A Mixed-Methods Community-Based Needs Assessment. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 19(5), 292–303. DOI: 10.1177/1078390313500693
- 44Rosenkranz, R., Kolt, G., Brown, J., & Berentson-Shaw, J. (2013). A review of enablers and barriers to physical activity participation among older people of New Zealand and international populations. International Sport Medicine Journal, 14(4), 294–312. DOI 10.1123/japa.2018-0343
- 45Ryan, R. (2013). Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group: data synthesis and analysis. Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group, Available at:
https://cccrg.cochrane.org/sites/cccrg.cochrane.org/files/public/uploads/AnalysisRestyled.pdf [Last accessed 27 February 2022]. - 46Shaw, M. (2019). Gender dysphoria: same old media tropes. BMJ, 367, 6430. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l6430
- 47Shipherd, J., Mizcock, L., Maguen, S., & Green, K. (2012). Male-to-Female Transgender Veterans and VA Health Care Utilization. International Journal of Sexual Health, 24(1), 78–87. DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2011.639440
- 48Smith, M., Cuthbertson, S., & Gale, N. (2012). Out for Sport: Tackling transphobia in sport. Available at:
https://www.equality-network.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Transgender-specific-companion-report.pdf [Last accessed 27 February 2022]. - 49Stewart, L., Oates, J., & O’Halloran, P. (2020). “My Voice Is My Identity”: The Role of Voice for Trans Women’s Participation in Sport. Journal of Voice, 34(1), 78–87. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.015
- 50Symons, C., Sbaraglia, M., Hillier, L., & Mitchel, A. (2010). Come Out to Play: The Sports experiences of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) people in Victoria. Technical Report. Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University; School of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne. Available at:
https://www.vu.edu.au/sites/default/files/Come%20Out%20To%20Play%20May%202010.pdf [Last accessed 28 February 2022]. - 51Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust. (2020). Gender Identity Clinic: Waiting times. Available at:
https://gic.nhs.uk/appointments/waiting-times/ [Last accessed 28 February 2022]. - 52Thoma, B., Salk, R., Choukas-Bradley, S., Goldstein, T., Levine, M., & Marchal, M. (2019). Suicidal disparities between transgender and cisgender adolescents. Pediatraics, 144(5),
e20191183 . DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-1183 - 53Thomas, J., & Harden, A. (2008). Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 8(1), 45. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-8-45
- 54UK Parliament. (2015). Equality Act 2010: Gender reassignment as a protected characteristic. Available at:
https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201516/cmselect/cmwomeq/390/39007.htm [Last accessed 27 February 2022]. - 55van Ingen, C. (2011). Shape Your Life and Embrace Your Aggression: A Boxing Project for Female and Trans Survivors of Violence. Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal, 20(1), 66–77. DOI: 10.1123/wspaj.20.1.66
- 56VanKim, N., Erickson, D., Eisenberg, M., Lust, K., Rosser, S., & Laska, M. (2014). Weight-related disparities for transgender college students. Health Behaviour Policy Review, 1(2), 161–171. DOI: 10.14485/HBPR.1.2.8
- 57Willison, N., & Holgate, V. (2015). This Girl Can: Giving Judgement the Finger. Available at:
http://community.apg.org.uk/fileUploads/2015/This_Girl_Can_190.pdf [Last accessed 28 February 2022]. - 58World Health Organisation. (2020). WHO Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour. Available at:
https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240014886 [Last accessed 27 February 2022]. - 59Zeeman, L., Sherriff, N., Browne, K., McGlynn, N., Mirandola, M., Gios, L., Davis, R., Sanchez-Lambert, J., Aujean, S., Pinto, N., Farinella, F., Donisi, V., Niedźwiedzka-Stadnik, M., Rosińska, M., Pierson, A., & Amaddeo, F. (2019). A review of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex (LGBTI) health and healthcare inequalities. European Journal of Public Health, 29(5), 974–980. DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky226
