Abstract
Grounded in the self-determination theory framework, this dataset presents a portrait of the motivational orientations of English as a foreign or second language (L2) learners. It distinguishes learners across five forms of regulation, including intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, introjected regulation, external regulation, and amotivation, all of which reflect different levels of self-determination in L2 learning. Data were collected from 239 English majors at a university in Vietnam using a questionnaire. After being psychometrically validated, the dataset consisted of 226 valid cases and 21 observable variables that constructed different types of motivation, with three items removed as a result of exploratory factor analysis. The resulting dataset allows researchers to explore distinct motivational profiles among L2 learners. With open access and clear documentation, the dataset facilitates research in L2 motivation, model testing, and the development of pedagogical practices tailored to the motivational needs of language learners.