References
- 1Allen, M., Poggiali, D., Whitaker, K., Marshall, T. R., van Langen, J., & Kievit, R. A. (2021). Raincloud plots: A multi-platform tool for robust data visualization. Wellcome Open Research, 4,
63 . DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15191.2 - 2Anderson, J. E., Leslie Cameron, E., & Levine, M. W. (2014). A method for quantifying visual field inhomogeneities. Vision Research, 105, 112–120. DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2014.09.010
- 3Birmingham, E., & Kingstone, A. (2009). Human social attention: A new look at past, present, and future investigations. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1156(1), 118–140. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04468.x
- 4Bonner, M. F., & Epstein, R. A. (2017). Coding of navigational affordances in the human visual system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(18), 4793–4798. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1618228114
- 5Brunyé, T. T., Gardony, A., Mahoney, C. R., & Taylor, H. A. (2012). Going to town: Visualized perspectives and navigation through virtual environments. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(1), 257–266. DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2011.09.008
- 6Cameron, E. L., Tai, J. C., & Carrasco, M. (2002). Covert attention affects the psychometric function of contrast sensitivity. Vision Research, 42(8), 949–967. DOI: 10.1016/S0042-6989(02)00039-1
- 7Carrasco, M. (2011). Visual attention: The past 25 years. Vision Research, 51(13), 1484–1525. DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2011.04.012
- 8Carrasco, M., Talgar, C. P., & Cameron, E. L. (2001). Characterizing visual performance fields: Effects of transient covert attention, spatial frequency, eccentricity, task and set size. Spatial Vision, 15(1), 61–75. DOI: 10.1163/15685680152692015
- 9Ceballos, N. A., Tivis, R., Lawton-Craddock, A., & Nixon, S. J. (2005). Visual–spatial attention in alcoholics and illicit stimulant abusers: Effects of nicotine replacement. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 29(1), 97–107. DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2004.10.011
- 10Chen, P., Moore, C., & Mordkoff, J. T. (2008). On the spatial metric of short-SOA costs of exogenous cuing. The American Journal of Psychology, 121(2), 229–240. DOI: 10.2307/20445458
- 11Chica, A. B., Martín-Arévalo, E., Botta, F., & Lupiáñez, J. (2014). The spatial orienting paradigm: How to design and interpret spatial attention experiments. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 40, 35–51. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.01.002
- 12Corbetta, M., Kincade, J. M., Ollinger, J. M., McAvoy, M. P., & Shulman, G. L. (2000). Voluntary orienting is dissociated from target detection in human posterior parietal cortex. Nature Neuroscience, 3(3), 292–297. DOI: 10.1038/73009
- 13Dai, R., Thomas, A. K., & Taylor, H. A. (2018). When to look at maps in navigation: Metacognitive control in environment learning. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 3(1),
36 . DOI: 10.1186/s41235-018-0130-7 - 14Epstein, R. A., Patai, E. Z., Julian, J. B., & Spiers, H. J. (2017). The cognitive map in humans: Spatial navigation and beyond. Nature Neuroscience, 20(11), 1504–1513. DOI: 10.1038/nn.4656
- 15Eriksen, B. A., & Eriksen, C. W. (1974). Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task. Perception & Psychophysics, 16(1), 143–149. DOI: 10.3758/BF03203267
- 16Etz, A., & Vandekerckhove, J. (2016). A Bayesian perspective on the reproducibility project: Psychology. PLOS ONE, 11(2),
e0149794 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149794 - 17Folk, C. L., Remington, R. W., & Johnston, J. C. (1992). Involuntary covert orienting is contingent on attentional control settings. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18(4), 1030–1044. DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.18.4.1030
- 18Frischen, A., Bayliss, A. P., & Tipper, S. P. (2007). Gaze cueing of attention: Visual attention, social cognition, and individual differences. Psychological Bulletin, 133(4), 694–724. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.4.694
- 19Galati, G., Pelle, G., Berthoz, A., & Committeri, G. (2010). Multiple reference frames used by the human brain for spatial perception and memory. Experimental Brain Research, 206(2), 109–120. DOI: 10.1007/s00221-010-2168-8
- 20Gawryszewski, L. G., Carreiro, L. R. R., & Magalhães, F. V. (2005). Early and late inhibitions elicited by a peripheral visual cue on manual response to a visual target: Are they based on Cartesian coordinates? 26(1), 121–137.
- 21Geng, J. J., & Behrmann, M. (2005). Spatial probability as an attentional cue in visual search. Perception & Psychophysics, 67(7), 1252–1268. DOI: 10.3758/BF03193557
- 22Gibson, B. S., & Kingstone, A. (2006). Visual attention and the semantics of space: Beyond central and peripheral cues. Psychological Science, 17(7), 622–627. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01754.x
- 23He, S., Cavanagh, P., & Intriligator, J. (1996). Attentional resolution and the locus of visual awareness. Nature, 383(6598), 334–337. DOI: 10.1038/383334a0
- 24Hommel, B., Pratt, J., Colzato, L., & Godijn, R. (2001). Symbolic control of visual attention. Psychological Science, 12(5), 360–365. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9280.00367
- 25Hopfinger, J. B., Buonocore, M. H., & Mangun, G. R. (2000). The neural mechanisms of top-down attentional control. Nature Neuroscience, 3(3), 284–291. DOI: 10.1038/72999
- 26Hubel, D. H., & Wiesel, T. N. (1959). Receptive fields of single neurones in the cat’s striate cortex. The Journal of Physiology, 148(3), 574–591. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1959.sp006308
- 27Hughes, J. (2022). Run a Function Iteratively While Varying Parameters.
- 28Ishikawa, T., Fujiwara, H., Imai, O., & Okabe, A. (2008). Wayfinding with a GPS-based mobile navigation system: A comparison with maps and direct experience. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(1), 74–82. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.09.002
- 29Jaeger, A. J., Weisberg, S. M., Nazareth, A., & Newcombe, N. S. (2023). Using a picture (or a thousand words) for supporting spatial knowledge of a complex virtual environment. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 8(1),
48 . DOI: 10.1186/s41235-023-00503-z - 30Janzen, G. (2006). Memory for object location and route direction in virtual large-scale space. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59(3), 493–508. DOI: 10.1080/02724980443000746
- 31Klippel, A., & Montello, D. R. (2007).
Linguistic and nonlinguistic turn direction concepts . In S. Winter, M. Duckham, L. Kulik, & B. Kuipers (Eds.), Spatial Information Theory (pp. 354–372). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-74788-8_22 - 32Krukar, J., Anacta, V. J., & Schwering, A. (2020). The effect of orientation instructions on the recall and reuse of route and survey elements in wayfinding descriptions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 68,
101407 . DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101407 - 33Lee, M., & Wagenmakers, E.-J. (2013). Bayesian Cognitive Modeling: A Practical Course. Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139087759
- 34Peirce, J., Gray, J. R., Simpson, S., MacAskill, M., Höchenberger, R., Sogo, H., … Lindeløv, J. K. (2019). PsychoPy2: Experiments in behavior made easy. Behavior Research Methods, 51(1), 195–203. DOI: 10.3758/s13428-018-01193-y
- 35Posner, M. I. (1980). Orienting of Attention. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 32(1), 3–25. DOI: 10.1080/00335558008248231
- 36Posner, M. I., Snyder, C. R., & Davidson, B. J. (1980). Attention and the detection of signals. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 109(2), 160–174. DOI: 10.1037/0096-3445.109.2.160
- 37Prinzmetal, W., Ha, R., & Khani, A. (2010). The mechanisms of involuntary attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 36(2), 255–267. DOI: 10.1037/a0017600
- 38Quintana, D. S., & Williams, D. R. (2018). Bayesian alternatives for common null-hypothesis significance tests in psychiatry: A non-technical guide using JASP. BMC Psychiatry, 18(1),
178 . DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1761-4 - 39Schindler, A., & Bartels, A. (2013). Parietal cortex codes for egocentric space beyond the field of view. Current Biology, 23(2), 177–182. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.060
- 40Talgar, C. P., & Carrasco, M. (2002). Vertical meridian asymmetry in spatial resolution: Visual and attentional factors. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 9(4), 714–722. DOI: 10.3758/BF03196326
- 41Vandenberghe, R., Gitelman, D. R., Parrish, T. B., & Mesulam, M. M. (2001). Functional specificity of superior parietal mediation of spatial shifting. NeuroImage, 14(3), 661–673. DOI: 10.1006/nimg.2001.0860
- 42Weisberg, S. M., & Chatterjee, A. (2021). Spatial direction comprehension in images, arrows, and words in two patients with posterior cortical atrophy. Neuropsychologia, 151,
107697 . DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107697 - 43Weisberg, S. M., Marchette, S. A., & Chatterjee, A. (2018). Behavioral and neural representations of spatial directions across words, schemas, and images. The Journal of Neuroscience, 38(21), 4996–5007. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3250-17.2018
- 44Whitlock, J. R., Sutherland, R. J., Witter, M. P., Moser, M.-B., & Moser, E. I. (2008). Navigating from hippocampus to parietal cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(39), 14755–14762. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0804216105
- 45Yantis, S., Schwarzbach, J., Serences, J. T., Carlson, R. L., Steinmetz, M. A., Pekar, J. J., & Courtney, S. M. (2002). Transient neural activity in human parietal cortex during spatial attention shifts. Nature Neuroscience, 5(10), 995–1002. DOI: 10.1038/nn921
