References
- 1Akaike, H. 1974. A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE transactions on automatic control, 19(6): 716–723. DOI: 10.1109/TAC.1974.1100705
- 2Atkins, DE, Brown, JS and Hammond, AL. 2007. A review of the open educational resources (OER) movement: Achievements, challenges, and new opportunities (Vol. 164). Mountain View: Creative common.
- 3Bozkurt, A, Koseoglu, S and Singh, L. 2019. An analysis of peer reviewed publications on openness in education in half a century: Trends and patterns in the open hemisphere. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 35(4). DOI: 10.14742/ajet.4252
- 4Büchi, M, Just, N and Latzer, M. 2016. Modeling the second-level digital divide: A five-country study of social differences in Internet use. New Media & Society, 18(11): 2703–2722. DOI: 10.1177/1461444815604154
- 5Chang, M and Kim, S. 2009. Computer access and computer use for science performance of racial and linguistic minority students. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 40(4): 469–501. DOI: 10.2190/EC.40.4.e
- 6Cobo, C. 2013. Exploration of open educational resources in non-English speaking communities. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 14(2): 106–128. DOI: 10.19173/irrodl.v14i2.1493
- 7Cox, G and Trotter, H. 2016. Institutional culture and OER policy: How structure, culture, and agency mediate OER policy potential in South African universities. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 17(5). DOI: 10.19173/irrodl.v17i5.2523
- 8Dolan, JE. 2016. Splicing the divide: A review of research on the evolving digital divide among K–12 students. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 48(1): 16–37. DOI: 10.1080/15391523.2015.1103147
- 9Farrow, R, Pitt, R, de los Arcos, B, Perryman, LA, Weller, M and McAndrew, P. 2015. Impact of OER use on teaching and learning: Data from OER Research Hub (2013–2014). British Journal of Educational Technology, 46(5): 972–976. DOI: 10.1111/bjet.12310
- 10Fraser, N. 2005. Reframing justice in a globalizing world. New Left Review, 36: 69–88. Available at
https://newleftreview.org/II/36/nancy-fraser-reframing-justice-in-a-globalizing-world . - 11Gershenson, S. 2013. Do summer time-use gaps vary by socioeconomic status? American Educational Research Journal, 50(6): 1219–1248. DOI: 10.3102/0002831213502516
- 12Gunkel, D. 2003. Second thoughts: Toward a critique of the digital divide. New Media & Society, 5(4): 499–522. DOI: 10.1177/146144480354003
- 13Haßler, B and Jackson, AMM. 2010. Bridging the bandwidth gap: Open educational resources and the digital divide. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 3(2): 110–115. DOI: 10.1109/TLT.2010.8
- 14Hew, KF and Brush, T. 2007. Integrating technology into K-12 teaching and learning: Current knowledge gaps and recommendations for future research. Educational Technology Research and Development, 55(3): 223–252. DOI: 10.1007/s11423-006-9022-5
- 15Higashi, RM, Schunn, CD and Flot, JB. 2017. Different underlying motivations and abilities predict student versus teacher persistence in an online course. Educational Technology Research and Development, 65(6): 1471–1493. DOI: 10.1007/s11423-017-9528-z
- 16Hilton, J. 2016. Open educational resources and college textbook choices: A review of research on efficacy and perceptions. Educational Technology Research and Development, 64(4): 573–590. DOI: 10.1007/s11423-016-9434-9
- 17Hilton, J,
III . 2017. Special issue: Outcomes of openness: Empirical reports on the implementation of OER. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 18(4): i–v. DOI: 10.19173/irrodl.v18i4.3378 - 18Hilton, J,
III , Wiley, D, Stein, J and Johnson, A. 2010. The four ‘R’s of openness and ALMS analysis: Frameworks for open educational resources. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 25(1): 37–44. DOI: 10.1080/02680510903482132 - 19Hilton, JL,
III , Robinson, TJ, Wiley, D and Ackerman, JD. 2014. Cost-savings achieved in two semesters through the adoption of open educational resources. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 15(2): 67–84. DOI: 10.19173/irrodl.v15i2.1700 - 20Hodgkinson-Williams, CA. 2015. Open educational resources and pedagogical practices in African higher education: A perspective from the ROER4D Project. Transform 2015 Colloquium. Available at
http://transform2015.net/live/Resources/Papers/keynote1CHW.pdf . - 21Hodgkinson-Williams, CA and Trotter, H. 2018. A social justice framework for understanding open educational resources and practices in the global south. Journal of Learning for Development-JL4D, 5(3): 204–224.
- 22Hofstede, G. 1986. Cultural differences in teaching and learning. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 10: 301–320. DOI: 10.1016/0147-1767(86)90015-5
- 23Hofstede, G. 2001. Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations. Sage publications.
- 24Hofstede, G. 2011. Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1): 8. DOI: 10.9707/2307-0919.1014
- 25Hollingworth, S, Mansaray, A, Allen, K and Rose, A. 2011. Parents’ perspectives on technology and children’s learning in the home: Social class and the role of the habitus. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 27(4): 347–360. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2729.2011.00431.x
- 26Jung, I and Lee, J. 2020. A cross-cultural approach to the adoption of open educational resources in higher education. British Journal of Educational Technology, 51(1): 263–280. DOI: 10.1111/bjet.12820
- 27King, M, Pegrum, M and Forsey, M. 2018. MOOCs and OER in the global south: Problems and potential. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 19(5). DOI: 10.19173/irrodl.v19i5.3742
- 28Kizilcec, RF, Piech, C and Schneider, E. 2013. Deconstructing disengagement: analyzing learner subpopulations in massive open online courses. In: Suthers, D, Verbert, K and Duval, E (eds.), LAK’13 Proceedings of the third international conference on learning analytics and knowledge, 170–179.
April 2013 Leuven. New York, NY:Association for Computing Machinery . DOI: 10.1145/2460296.2460330 - 29Kurelovic, EK. 2015. Advantages and limitations of usage of open educational resources in small countries. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 2(1): 136. DOI: 10.21890/ijres.92299
- 30Lambert, SR. 2018. Changing our (dis) course: A distinctive social justice aligned definition of open education. Journal of Learning for Development-JL4D, 5(3): 225–244.
- 31Lin, YJ and Tang, H. 2017. Exploring student perceptions of the use of open educational resources to reduce statistics anxiety. Journal of Formative Design in Learning, 1(2): 110–125. DOI: 10.1007/s41686-017-0007-z
- 32Nakata, C. (ed.) 2009. Beyond Hofstede: Culture frameworks for global marketing and management. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- 33Ngimwa, P and Wilson, T. 2012. An empirical investigation of the emergent issues around OER adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa. Learning, Media and Technology, 37(4): 398–413. DOI: 10.1080/17439884.2012.685076
- 34OERRH. 2014. OER Research Hub. Available at
http://oerresearchhub.org/ (Last accessed 8 May 2015). - 35Reinhart, JM, Thomas, E and Toriskie, JM. 2011. K-12 teachers: Technology use and the second level digital divide. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 38(3): 181–193.
- 36Rideout, VJ, Foeh, UG and Roberts, DF. 2010. Generation M2: Media in the lives of 8- to 18-year-olds. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation.
- 37Robinson, TJ, Fischer, L, Wiley, D and Hilton, J,
III . 2014. The impact of open textbooks on secondary science learning outcomes. Educational Researcher, 43(7): 341–351. DOI: 10.3102/0013189X14550275 - 38Rohs, M and Ganz, M. 2015. OER and the claim of education for all: A disillusion by empirical data. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 16(6): 1–19. DOI: 10.19173/irrodl.v16i6.2033
- 39Scheerder, A, van Deursen, A and van Dijk, J. 2017. Determinants of internet skills, uses and outcomes. A systematic review of the second- and third-level digital divide. Telematics and Informatics, 34(8): 1607–1624. DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2017.07.007
- 40Tang, H and Wang, N. 2017. Have massive open online courses disrupted higher education around the globe? Exploring the cultural perspective. International Journal of Technology in Teaching and Learning, 13(1): 45–54.
- 41Tang, H, Lin, Y and Qian, Y. 2020. Understanding K-12 teachers’ intention to adopt Open Educational Resources: A mixed methods inquiry. British Journal of Educational Technology. DOI: 10.1111/bjet.12937
- 42Tichenor, PJ, Donohue, GA and Olien, CN. 1970. Mass media flow and differential growth in knowledge. Public Opinion Quarterly, 34(2): 159–170. DOI: 10.1086/267786
- 43UNDP. (n.d. a). United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Index. Available at
http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-index-hdi . - 44UNDP. (n.d. b). United Nations Development Programme, Gender Development Index. Available at
http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/gender-development-index-gdi . - 45UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). (n.d.). What are open educational resources (OER)? Available at
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-toknowledge/open-educational-resources/what-are-open-educational-resources-oers/ . - 46van Deursen, AJ and van Dijk, JA. 2014. The digital divide shifts to differences in usage. New Media & Society, 16(3): 507–526. DOI: 10.1177/1461444813487959
- 47Wiley, D, Hilton, JL,
III , Ellington, S and Hall, T. 2012. A preliminary examination of the cost savings and learning impacts of using open textbooks in middle and high school science classes. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 13(3): 262–276. DOI: 10.19173/irrodl.v13i3.1153 - 48Wood, L and Howley, A. 2012. Dividing at an early age: The hidden digital divide in Ohio elementary schools. Learning, Media and Technology, 37(1): 20–39. DOI: 10.1080/17439884.2011.567991
- 49Zhang, M. 2015. Internet use that reproduces educational inequalities: Evidence from big data. Computers & Education, 86: 212–223. DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2015.08.007
