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A Tool for Understanding Taskscapes in Stone Age Coastal Hunter-Fisher-Gatherer Societies: Theoretical Aspects of Building a Relational Database (NAUTICC) for Large-Scale Analysis Cover

A Tool for Understanding Taskscapes in Stone Age Coastal Hunter-Fisher-Gatherer Societies: Theoretical Aspects of Building a Relational Database (NAUTICC) for Large-Scale Analysis

Open Access
|Oct 2026

Figures & Tables

Table 1

The three main conceptual entities on which the logical structure of NAUTICC is based.

ENTITYTABLECONTENTS
Archaeological sites. Areas with the presence of artefacts and features suggesting the presence of techniques and tasksSitesGeographical and chronological indications, site typology and general notes
Different types of archaeological artefacts, eco-facts and structures involved in different taskscapesFindsGeneral observations on the characteristics of the finds, context of discovery and brief descriptions
Any array of related activities carried out by skilled agentsTaskscapesInterpretations of techniques and tasks based on the discovered finds in the archaeological sites
Figure 1

Simplified Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD). The diagram shows the main entity types and their relationships (generated with Lucidchart; Lucid Software, 2025).

Figure 2

Relational schema model of the NAUTICC database. All attributes are listed for each table, with Primary Keys (PK) and Foreign Keys (FK) clearly identified. The connecting lines indicate relationships between tables, including one-to-many and many-to-many associations (generated with Lucidchart; Lucid Software, 2025).

Figure 3

Nakala deposit and curation workflow: step-by-step process of how to submit research data (Huma-Num, Nakala documentation. https://documentation.huma-num.fr/en/nakala-workflow-en/).

Figure 4

Simplified mapping of the NAUTICC database to the CIDOC CRM ontology, showing the main classes and properties (generated with Graphviz, March 2026).

Figure 5

Iterative and incremental modelling process (Gonzalez-Perez, 2018, Fig. 32.2, © Springer, license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

Table 2

Operational sequence for the production of lithic flake tools. Adapted from Eriksen (2000), as cited in Berg-Hansen (2017).

STEPACTIVITYDESCRIPTION
1Procurement (of raw materials)Localisation/source, testing, selection and transport.
2PreparationPrimary preparation: initial shaping of raw materials as preparation for the blank production.
Secondary preparation: maintenance, correction and reworking of cores.
3Blank productionProduction of blanks for further modification into tools.
4Production of toolsSelection of blanks, shaping of tools.
5UseUse of tools including resharpening and reworking.
6DiscardDamage, wear, loss, deposition.
Figure 6

The NAUTICC production_process_tasks table. A lookup table storing artefact categories and their associated tasks, defining six stages of the knapping chaîne opératoire, based on Schild (1980) and Berg-Hansen, Damlien, and Zagorska (2019).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/jcaa.244 | Journal eISSN: 2514-8362
Language: English
Page range: 348 - 365
Submitted on: Sep 19, 2025
Accepted on: Jun 11, 2026
Published on: Oct 6, 2026
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2026 Giada Pirrone, Marie-Yvane Daire, Inger Marie Berg-Hansen, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.