Table 1
Miller‑Payne scoring system for evaluating pathological response to neoadjuvant treatment [17].
| GRADE | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| 1 | Minimal or no cellular‑level changes, with unchanged overall cell density |
| 2 | Up to 30% reduction in tumor cell density |
| 3 | Reduction in tumor cell density ranging from 30 to 90% |
| 4 | Greater than 90% decrease in tumor cell density, with cells discernible individually or in small clusters |
| 5 | Complete absence of malignant cells within the tumor bed |
Figure 1
Region‑of‑interest (ROI) placement for texture analysis on T1A, T2A, and postcontrast T1A subtraction images of the same patient.
Table 2
Demographic, anatomical, and molecular characteristics of the cohort.
| MEAN | SD | COUNT | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 55.19 | 13.31 | |||
| Lesion volume | 1.15 | 0.21 | |||
| Molecular characteristics | Luminal A | 13 | 18.6 | ||
| Luminal B | 27 | 38.6 | |||
| HER2‑overexpressed | 9 | 12.9 | |||
| Triple (−) | 21 | 30.0 | |||
| Grade | Low | 32 | 45.7 | ||
| High | 38 | 54.3 | |||
| Ki‑67 | Ki‑67− | 32 | 45.7 | ||
| Ki‑67+ | 38 | 54.3 | |||
| p53 | Negative | 43 | 61.4 | ||
| Medium positive | 12 | 17.1 | |||
| Strong positive | 15 | 21.4 | |||
| Cerb‑2 | Cerb‑B2− | 54 | 77.1 | ||
| Cerb‑B2+ | 16 | 22.9 | |||
| ER | ER− | 30 | 42.9 | ||
| ER+ | 40 | 57.1 | |||
| PR | PR− | 34 | 48.6 | ||
| PR+ | 36 | 51.4 | |||
| Lymphovascular invasion | No | 41 | 58.6 | ||
| Yes | 29 | 41.4 | |||
| Lymph node metastasis | No | 34 | 48.6 | ||
| Yes | 36 | 51.4 | |||
| Neoadjuvant response | No | 11 | 52.4 | ||
| Yes | 10 | 47.6 | |||
| No neoadjuvant therapy | 49 | 70.0 | |||
| Breast pattern | A | 8 | 11.4 | ||
| B | 32 | 45.7 | |||
| C | 20 | 28.6 | |||
| D | 10 | 14.3 | |||
| Background contrast enhancement | 1 | 32 | 45.7 | ||
| 2 | 19 | 27.1 | |||
| 3 | 17 | 24.3 | |||
| 4 | 2 | 2.9 | |||
| Lesion location | Upper outer quadrant | 40 | 57.1 | ||
| Upper inner quadrant | 16 | 22.9 | |||
| Lower outer quadrant | 8 | 11.4 | |||
| Lower inner quadrant | 3 | 4.3 | |||
| Retro | 3 | 4.3 | |||
| Shape | Round | 9 | 12.9 | ||
| Oval | 1 | 1.4 | |||
| Irregular | 60 | 85.7 | |||
| Edge | Sharp | 3 | 4.3 | ||
| Veiled | 0 | 0.0 | |||
| Microlobulated | 36 | 51.4 | |||
| Indistinct | 1 | 1.4 | |||
| Spiculated | 30 | 42.9 | |||
| Satellite | No | 40 | 57.1 | ||
| yes | 30 | 42.9 | |||
| Multifocal | No | 50 | 71.4 | ||
| Yes | 20 | 28.6 | |||
| Multicentric | No | 60 | 85.7 | ||
| Yes | 10 | 14.3 | |||
| T1 signal | Iso | 45 | 64.3 | ||
| Hypo | 1 | 1.4 | |||
| Hyper | 24 | 34.3 | |||
| T2 signal | Iso | 36 | 51.4 | ||
| Hypo | 12 | 17.1 | |||
| Hyper | 22 | 31.4 | |||
| Diffusion restriction | Less than parenchyma | 0 | 0.0 | ||
| Equal to parenchyma | 0 | 0.0 | |||
| More than parenchyma | 70 | 100.0 | |||
| Contrast pattern | Homogeneous | 4 | 5.7 | ||
| Contrast enhancing septa | 0 | 0.0 | |||
| Heterogeneous | 59 | 84.3 | |||
| No contrast enhancement | 0 | 0.0 | |||
| Peripheral contrast enhancement | 7 | 10.0 | |||
| Contrast enhancement | Slow | 5 | 7.1 | ||
| Medium | 3 | 4.3 | |||
| Rapid | 62 | 88.6 | |||
| Contrast enhancement curve | Type 1 | 4 | 5.7 | ||
| Type 2 | 50 | 71.4 | |||
| Type 3 | 16 | 22.9 | |||
Figure 2
Heatmap illustrating the distribution of the T1 radiomics feature set among target variables.
Figure 3
Heatmap illustrating the distribution of the T2 radiomics feature set among target variables.
Figure 4
Heatmap illustrating the distribution of the early T1 radiomics feature set among target variables.
Figure 5
Heatmap illustrating the distribution of the late T1 radiomics feature set among target variables.
Figure 6
Heatmap illustrating the distribution of the DWI radiomics feature set among target variables.