Figure 1
The ‘PROTECT’ essentials for data policy design and redesign.
Table 1
‘UPs’ guidance for ‘PROTECT’ implementation.
| COMPONENTS | EXPECTED | NOTES |
|---|---|---|
| People | United | In the spirit of Open Science, ‘People’ depicts all the community roles for crisis management. Such organizing work should be ‘United,’ thus leading to inclusive, open dialogues. |
| Resources | Prepared | ‘Prepared Resources’ should be multifaceted, converged neatly, and fair to reuse in crises. |
| Operation | Unique | ‘Operation’ of data work should always be ‘Unique’ and thus tailored to the changing crisis environment. |
| Technology | Promising | ‘Promising Technology’ refers to cutting-edge adoption to address potential crisis data challenges and other barriers. It should be resilient enough to tackle multifaced datasets across regions and domains and robust enough to meet the needs today and in the future. |
| Ethics | Utilitarian | ‘Ethics’ should be ‘Utilitarian,’ complying with proportionality, reciprocal legality, and the rule of law. The devastating conditions of crises evoke irreversible damages to fundamental human rights, thus proposing the need to overrule all IPRs or related rights of individuals regarding data and urgent requests for maximizing the overall benefits and protecting rights and freedoms. |
| Communication | Prompt and unambiguous | From data to knowledge and wisdom, ‘Communication’ should be ‘Prompt’ to save losses caused by information asymmetry, ‘Unambiguous’ for knowledge delivery, thus consolidating mutual trusts for social governance, and eligible for enhanced data literacy empowerment in the societal community. |
| Trust | Sustainable | ‘trust’ between people and machines is ‘Sustainable’ in the short and long term. Mutual trust should involve multilateral participation and benefit local and international interested parties to ensure such sustainability. |
Table 2
International examples of data policies through the pandemic.
| TITLE | PUBLISHER AND YEAR | WORD FREQ. FOR ‘DATA.’ |
|---|---|---|
| UN Comprehensive Response to COVID-19: Saving Lives, Protecting Societies, Recovering Better (Third Edition) | (UN 2021b) | 24 |
| Review of COVID-19 Disaster Risk Governance in Asia-Pacific: Towards Multi-Hazard and Multi-Sectoral Disaster Risk Reduction | (UNDRR 2020a) | 6 |
| UNDRR Asia-Pacific COVID-19 Brief: Combating the Dual Challenges of Climate-Related Disasters and COVID-19 | (UNDRR 2020b) | 1 |
| Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2022—Our World at Risk: Transforming Governance for a Resilient Future | (UNDRR 2022a) | 407 |
| UNDRR Americas & Caribbean COVID-19 Brief: Science and Technology for DRR in the Context of COVID-19 | (UNDRR 2022b) | 3 |
| Policy Brief: Building Trust Through Risk Communication and Community Engagement | (WHO 2022) | 2 |
| Climate-Related Extreme Weather Events and COVID-19: A First Look at the Number of People Affected by Intersecting Disasters | (IFRC & RCCC 2020) | 53 |
| Climate Smart Disaster Risk Management Programming during the COVID-19 Pandemic | (IFRC 2021) | 41 |
| COVID-19 Global Risk Communication and Community Engagement Strategy—Interim Guidance | (GOARN, IFRC, UNICEF & WHO 2021) | 77 |
| Transparency—Why it Matters at Times of Crisis | (WTO 2020) | 4 |
| Improving Trade Data for Products Essential to Fight COVID-19: A Possible Way Forward | (WTO 2021) | 73 |
| COVID-19 Crisis and Support for Agrifood: Public Sector Responses Through the Financial Sector | (FAO 2020) | 2 |
| Policy Brief: Are we there yet? The transition from response to recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic | CODATA, IRDR, RADI CAS & Tonkin+Taylor International 2020 | 9 |
| RDA COVID-19 Recommendations and Guidelines for Data Sharing | (RDA 2020b) | 2107 |
| Enhancing Access to Research Data to Combat COVID-19: Recommendations to Funders | (RDA 2020c) | 102 |
| OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19) Why Open Science is Critical to Combatting COVID-19 | (OECD 2020) | 56 |
| Open Data in action: Initiatives During the Initial Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic | (OECD 2021) | 149 |
| COVID-19 and Climate-Smart Health Care: Health Sector Opportunities for a Synergistic Response to the COVID-19 and Climate Crises | (CIF & WBG 2021) | 13 |