Table 1
Composite overview of sufficiency concepts.
| TYPE | INDIVIDUAL | POLICYMAKING | SOCIAL MOVEMENT | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SUBTYPE | INSTRUMENTAL | BOTTOM-UP CHANGE | FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS | LEGAL LIMITS | SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION |
| Approach to change | Individual behaviour change | Conscious voluntary reductions in consumption | Changes in framework conditions to enable and shape social practices | Direct mandates to de/legalise consumption levels | Changes in socio-economic organisation and principles |
| Goals | Reconcile gaps in climate mitigation models | Pursuit of a good life within limits, individual wellbeing | (Re)distribution, guided but not defined by consumption corridors | Limiting consumption, especially upper limits | Post-growth economy, social justice, upper and lower consumption thresholds |
| Role of public policy (example instruments) | Facilitate behaviour change (incentives, information, persuasion, markets) | Motivating and encouraging cultural change (public debates, media, communications) | Central role working with others to shape framework conditions (regulations, guidelines, standards, industry initiatives, advocacy, funding) | Legislation and enforcement (speed limits, set point limits) | Transforming governmental structures, whenever possible (doughnut economics) |
Table 2
Comparing thermal energy sufficiency objectives.
| OBJECTIVE TYPE | SPACE TEMPERATURE OBJECTIVE | EXAMPLE | AVOID/SHIFT/IMPROVE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reduce | By average degree of change; or changes in average set points | Changing set points by 1°COr heating: average of 19°CCooling: average of 26°C | Avoid |
| Single upper limit | Set-point limits | Heating: ≤ 19°CCooling: ≥ 26°C | Avoid |
| Dual thresholds | Guiding range between upper and lower thresholds as bands | Heating: 16–18 to 21–22°CCooling: 30–28 to 26–23°C | Avoid excesses, enable minimums |
| Practice organisation | Healthy comfort through a variety of means | Adaptive design of personal comfort, textiles, buildings | Shift, improve |