References
- Antonopoulos, C. A., Fuentes, T. L., McCord, K. H., Rackley, A. L., & Biswas, S. (2024). Regional assessment of household energy decision-making and technology adoption in the United States. Energy Policy, 185, 113940. 10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113940
- Banks, N. (2022). Creating superpowers: Capable communities in smart local energy systems. Eceee 2022 Summer Study Proceedings, Hyères, France.
https://project-leo.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Creating-Superpowers-Capable-Communities-in-Smart-Local-Energy-Systems.pdf - Banks, N. W., & Darby, S. (2021). A capability approach to smart local energy systems: Aiming for ‘smart and fair’. ECEEE 2021 Summer Study proceedings, online.
https://project-leo.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/ECEEE21-Banks-and-Darby_140521_final-1.pdf - BEIS. (2021). Household energy efficiency detailed release: Great Britain data to December 2020 (Household Energy Efficiency Detailed Release). Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS).
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/970064/Detailed_Release_-_HEE_stats_18_Mar_2021_FINAL.pdf - BEIS & DESNZ. (2023). Guidance: Energy Security Bill factsheet: Low-carbon heat scheme. Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) & Department for Energy Security & Net Zero (DESNZ).
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/energy-security-bill-factsheets/energy-security-bill-factsheet-low-carbon-heat-scheme - Burnett, N., Hinson, S., & Stewart, I. (2024). The UK’s plans and progress to reach net zero by 2050. UK Government
https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-9888/CBP-9888.pdf - Bush, R. E., & Bale, C. S. (2019). Energy planning tools for low carbon transitions: An example of a multicriteria spatial planning tool for district heating. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 62(12), 2186–2209. 10.1080/09640568.2018.1536605
- Carbon Action Alliance. (2025). Colorado decision support tool.
https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/df8fa9215ccc4d61b75bb30a18266229 - CEE. (2022). National community energy map. Community Energy England (CEE).
https://communityenergyengland.org/pages/nationalmap - Chiu, L. F., & Lowe, R. (2020). Ecology of heat pump performance: A socio-technical analysis. Sustainability in Energy and Buildings: Proceedings of SEB 2019, Budapest, Hungary. 10.1007/978-981-32-9868-2_60
- CSE. (2018). National heat map: New web-based tool to support low-carbon energy projects. Centre for Sustainable Energy (CSE).
https://www.cse.org.uk/projects/view/1183 - Davila, C. C., Reinhart, C. F., & Bemis, J. L. (2016). Modeling Boston: A workflow for the efficient generation and maintenance of urban building energy models from existing geospatial datasets. Energy, 117, 237–250. 10.1016/j.energy.2016.10.057
- DLUHC. (2023). Chapters for English Housing Survey 2022 to 2023 headline report. Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (DLUHC).
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/chapters-for-english-housing-survey-2022-to-2023-headline-report/chapter-5-energy-efficiency - Energy Systems Catapult. (2025). Which places have a LAEP?
https://es.catapult.org.uk/tools-and-labs/local-area-energy-plans/ - EST. (2025). Boiler upgrade scheme. Energy Saving Trust (EST).
https://energysavingtrust.org.uk/grants-and-loans/boiler-upgrade-scheme/ - EUA. (2021). Energy and Utilities Alliance—The upfront cost of decarbonising your home. Energy and Utilities Alliance (EUA).
https://eua.org.uk/uploads/618D178EE4B42.pdf - Fremouw, M., Bagaini, A., & De Pascali, P. (2020). Energy potential mapping: Open data in support of urban transition planning. Energies, 13(5), 1264. 10.3390/en13051264
- Galvin, R., Sunikka-Blank, M., & Croon, T. (2024). Juggling the basics: How much does an income increase affect energy spending of low-income households in England? Energy Research & Social Science, 118, 103766. 10.1016/j.erss.2024.103766
- Gartland, D. (2023). GIS techniques applied to energy mapping for local authority energy spatial planning. Codema.
https://www.ipi.ie/sites/default/files/accordion-files/module_9_gis_techniques_applied_to_energy_mapping_for_local_authority_energy_spatial_planning.pdf - George, S. (2024). Heat pump installations soar across UK, buoyed by government grants. edie.
https://www.edie.net/heat-pump-installations-soar-across-uk-buoyed-by-government-grants/ - Gupta, R., & Gregg, M. (2023). Mapping technical and social capabilities in a smart and fair neighbourhood (Rose Hill). EnergyREV.
https://www.energyrev.org.uk/media/2125/energyrev-mapping-techniques-v2.pdf - Gupta, R., Jimenez-Moreno, P., Sosa, A. D., & Devine-Wright, P. (2021). Spatio-temporal mapping of local areas for engaging communities in the planning of smart local energy initiatives. In Proceedings of ECEEE 2021 Digital Summer Study.
https://project-leo.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/ECEEE-Spatio-temporal-local-area-energy-mapping.pdf - Hamilton, J., & Devine-Wright, P. (2023). Evaluation of a local area energy mapping tool (LEMAP) in a smart and fair neighbourhood.
https://www.energyrev.org.uk/media/2132/energyrev-lemap-evaluation.pdf - Hong, T., Chen, Y., Lee, S. H., & Piette, M. A. (2016). CityBES: A web-based platform to support city-scale building energy efficiency. Urban Computing, 14, 2016.
https://userpages.umbc.edu/~nroy/courses/fall2018/cmisr/papers/CityBES.pdf - Jankowski, P. (2009). Towards participatory geographic information systems for community-based environmental decision making. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(6), 1966–1971. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.08.028
- Lingard, J. (2021). Residential retrofit in the UK: The optimum retrofit measures necessary for effective heat pump use. Building Services Engineering Research and Technology, 42(3), 279–292. 10.1177/0143624420975707
- Loomans, N., & Alkemade, F. (2024). Exploring trade-offs: A decision-support tool for local energy system planning. Applied Energy, 369, 123527. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123527
- Merchant, H., & Wentworth, J. (2025). Net zero and the UK’s historic building stock. UK Government
https://post.parliament.uk/net-zero-and-the-uk-historic-building-stock/#_edn7 - Middlemiss, L., Davis, M., Brown, D., Bookbinder, R., Cairns, I., Mininni, G. M., Brisbois, M. C., Hannon, M., Owen, A., & Hall, S. (2024). Developing a relational approach to energy demand: A methodological and conceptual guide. Energy Research & Social Science, 110, 103441. 10.1016/j.erss.2024.103441
- Middlemiss, L., Snell, C., Morrison, E., Chzhen, Y., Owen, A., Kennedy, K., Theminimulle, S., & Carregha, T. (2023). Conceptualising socially inclusive environmental policy: A just transition to net zero. Social Policy and Society, 22(4), 763–783. 10.1017/S1474746423000180
- Moore, N., Haines, V., & Lilley, D. (2015). Improving the installation of renewable heating technology in UK social housing properties through user centred design. Indoor and Built Environment, 24(7), 970–985. 10.1177/1420326X1559881
- Moral, G. H., González, V. S., Massa, G., & Tranque, C. V. (2019). ENERGIS: Decision-support tool for the implementation of energy policies at urban and regional level. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 290, 012165. 10.1088/1755-1315/290/1/012165
- Nicol, S., Roys, M., Ormandy, D., & Ezratty, V. (2021). The cost of poor housing in the European Union.
https://files.bregroup.com/bre-co-uk-file-library-copy/filelibrary/Briefing%20papers/92993_BRE_Poor-Housing_in_-Europe.pdf - ONS. (2023). Energy efficiency of housing in England and Wales: 2023. Office of National Statistics (ONS).
https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/housing/articles/energyefficiencyofhousinginenglandandwales/2023 - Open Data Bristol. (2020). Solar potential.
https://opendata.bristol.gov.uk/explore/dataset/solar-potential/map/?location=17,51.45737,-2.59491&basemap=jawg.streets - Parrish, B., Hielscher, S., & Foxon, T. J. (2021). Consumers or users? The impact of user learning about smart hybrid heat pumps on policy trajectories for heat decarbonisation. Energy Policy, 148, 112006. 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.112006
- Peñaloza, D., Mata, É., Fransson, N., Fridén, H., Samperio, Á., Quijano, A., & Cuneo, A. (2022). Social and market acceptance of photovoltaic panels and heat pumps in Europe: A literature review and survey. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 155, 111867. 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111867
- Roberts, S., Bridgeman, T., Broman, D., Hodges, N., & Sage, C. (2020). Smart and fair? Exploring social justice in the future energy system: Phase one report and recommendations.
https://centreforsustainableenergy.ams3.digitaloceanspaces.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/18215611/smart-and-fair-phase-1-report-september-2020.pdf - Rowe, G., & Rankl, F. (2024). Housing and net zero (CBP 8830). UK Government
https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8830/CBP-8830.pdf - Sweetnam, T., Fell, M., Oikonomou, E., & Oreszczyn, T. (2019). Domestic demand-side response with heat pumps: Controls and tariffs. Building Research & Information, 47(4), 344–361. 10.1080/09613218.2018.1442775
- Tewari, S., & Rajagopalan, P. (2025). Integration of heat pumps in social housing—Role of user behaviour and user satisfaction. Buildings, 15(6), 898. 10.3390/buildings15060898
- Thomas, G. H., Flower, J., Gross, R., Henwood, K., Shirani, F., Speirs, J., & Pidgeon, N. (2024). A relational approach to characterizing householder perceptions of disruption in heat transitions. Nature Energy, 9(5), 570–579.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01506-w - UrbanFootprint. (2024). UrbanFootprint.
https://urbanfootprint.com/ - Voet, S., & Dethier, S. (2024). Bridging the EU consumer enforcement pathways in mass harm situations.
https://www.beuc.eu/sites/default/files/publications/BEUC-X-2024-005_Bridging_the_EU_consumer_enforcement_pathways_in_mass_harm_situations.pdf - Williams, A., & Thomson, M. (2023). Significance of insulation and heat pumps in decarbonising the UK. Journal of Energy and Power Technology, 5(1), 1–12. 10.21926/jept.2301003
