Climate Change Adaptation to Smoke Haze for Improved Child Health in Southeast Asia: Analysis Situation in Palembang, Indonesia

Budi Haryanto; Fitri Kurniasari; Indang Trihandini; Fajar Nugraha; Nabila Gayatri Widayana; Nurul Laksmi Winarni

doi:10.5334/aogh.5211

Climate Change Adaptation to Smoke Haze for Improved Child Health in Southeast Asia: Analysis Situation in Palembang, Indonesia

Volume 92 (2026): Issue 1

By: Budi Haryanto , Fitri Kurniasari , Indang Trihandini, Fajar Nugraha , Nabila Gayatri Widayana and Nurul Laksmi Winarni

Open Access

|Jun 2026

Figures & Tables

Table 1

Statistic correlation (r) between PM₁₀ and ARI, PM_2.5 and Pneumonia, SO₂ and Pneumonia per year in Palembang 2014–2020 (lag 1 month).

YEAR	r (ARI‑PM₁₀)	r (Pn‑PM_2.5)	r (Pn‑SO₂)
2014	0.027	−0.615*	NA
2015	−0.056	0.077	NA
2017	−0.286	0.046	0.574
2018	0.123	0.136	0.602*
2019	−0.287	−0.091	0.253
2020	−0.287	−0.091	0.253

[i] *p‑value less than 0.05.

Table 2

Regression analysis of PM₁₀ and ARI, PM_2.5 and Pneumonia, SO₂ and Pneumonia in Palembang.

CITY	DISEASE	RISK FACTOR	PERIOD	REGRESSION MODEL	CONCLUSION
Palembang	ARI	PM₁₀	2014–2020	ARI = 4401.27 + 11.26*PM₁₀	Strong significant
Palembang	ARI	PM₁₀	2014–2020	ARI = 4436.76 + 9.93*PM₁₀	Strong significant
Palembang	Pneumonia	PM_2.5	2014–2020	Pn = 334.73 + 0.655*PM_2.5	Strong significant
Palembang	Pneumonia	PM_2.5	2014–2020	Pn = 337.26 + 0.582*PM_2.5	Strong significant
Palembang	Pneumonia	SO₂	2017–2020	Pn = 332.98 + 0.026*SO₂	Significant

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.5211 | Journal eISSN: 2214-9996

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Language: English

Page range: 52 - 52

Submitted on: Feb 11, 2026

Accepted on: May 18, 2026

Published on: Jun 8, 2026

Published by: Ubiquity Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

haze,

forest and peatland fires,

children’s health,

respiratory diseases,

PM2.5,

Palembang

© 2026 Budi Haryanto, Fitri Kurniasari, Indang Trihandini, Fajar Nugraha, Nabila Gayatri Widayana, Nurul Laksmi Winarni, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 92 (2026): Issue 1