Delenda Est Castrist Cuba*
References
- All data between 1958 and 1980 relating to population, emigration, balance of payments, foreign trade, subsidies from the USSR, financing of investments by the USSR, as well as other numerical data, statements and legislation, are taken from the book *Cuba: Economy and Power (1959–1980)* by Alberto Recarte, published by Alianza Universidad.
- List of industrial projects financed by the USSR. Pages 157–159 of the author’s book.
- The Paris Club does not officially publish data on this type of agreement, nor does the Spanish government. However, the figures have been corroborated following their publication by the media in member countries. Of particular relevance is the article by Daniel Munevar dated 7 January 2016, entitled “What lies beneath the agreements on the debt with the Paris Club and other creditors?”.
- Data from Cuba’s National Office of Statistics and Information. The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) estimated the total external debt at 30,000 million dollars, by adding to the ‘outstanding debt’ the amounts owed to the Paris Club and countries such as China, Russia and Venezuela. As stated in its 2017 ‘Cuba Country Report’.
- The article “The Fall and Recovery of the Cuban Economy in the 1990s: Mirage or Reality?” by Ernesto Hernandez-Catá, published by the IMF in 2001 under the title “IMF Working Paper (WP-01-48)”.
- The data are from ONEI, the World Bank and the WTO (World Trade Organisation), with information from Cuba’s trading partners.
- Data on remittances comes from a wide range of sources: The Havana Consulting Group, “Cuba Siglo XXI”, and international organisations such as ECLAC (Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean) and the IOM (International Organisation for Migration).
- Data from ONEI and reports by the World Bank and “Tourism Analytics”, which updates data on tourism in Cuba in its “Cuba Tourism Statistics” section. The original data always comes from ONEI.
- Data from ONEI, the World Bank and the report by the Cuban Ministry of Economy to the National Assembly at the end of 2025.
- Data from ONEI, ECLAC and the World Bank.
- ONEI does not publish a breakdown of remittance data within ‘Net Current Transfers’. However, the general view is that the largest proportion of these transfers consists of remittances from emigrants.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52195/pm.v24i1.2009 | Journal eISSN: 1697-6797
Language: Spanish, English
Page range: 1 - 55
Submitted on: May 8, 2026
Accepted on: Jun 17, 2026
Published on: Aug 13, 2026
Published by: Unión Editorial S.A. in collaboration with the Faculty of Economics and Entrepreneurial Sciences of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos of Madrid
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
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© 2026 Alberto Recarte García-Andrade, published by Unión Editorial S.A. in collaboration with the Faculty of Economics and Entrepreneurial Sciences of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos of Madrid
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