Response of menstrual irregularity and infertility-related stress to ultrasound cavitation combined with aerobic exercise in polycystic ovarian syndrome: double blinded randomized controlled trial

Shreen Aboelmagd; Marwa Shafiek Saleh; Mai M. A. Shehata; Ali Abdelmoezz Dahi; Nehad Ahmed Abo-zaid; Elham Shahat Hassan

doi:10.5114/areh.2025.147886

Figures & Tables

Flow chart for participant recruitment and allocation

McNemar test crosstabs of menstruation regularity in patients with PCOS

Group A
Before treatment	After treatment
Before treatment	Regular	Irregular
Regular	3	0
Irregular	3	24
Total number (group A)	n = 30
Significance of change	p = 0.250
Group B
	After treatment
	Regular	Irregular
Regular	4	0
Irregular	5	21
Total number (group B)	n = 30
Significance of change	p = 0.063

Two-way mixed design MANOVA of outcome measures

Outcome measures	Group	Pre-treatment	Post treatment			Group A vs. Group B
Outcome measures	Group	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	MD (95% CI)	p value	Pre-p value	Post p value	MD (95% CI)
BMI	Group A	32.86 ± 1.5	30.34 ± 1.47	2.52 (2.23, 2.80)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.095	p = 0.000^*	2.17 (1.40, 2.96)
BMI	Group B	33.48 ± 1.29	28.17 ± 1.53	5.31 (5.03, 5.60)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.095	p = 0.000^*	2.17 (1.40, 2.96)
WHR	Group A	0.92 ± 0.02	0.86 ± 0.03	0.06 (0.042,0.063)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.212	p = 0.000^*	0.06 (0.05, 0.08)
WHR	Group B	0.91 ± 0.02	0.80 ± 0.03	0.11 (0.10, 0.12)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.212	p = 0.000^*	0.06 (0.05, 0.08)
LH	Group A	12.95 ± 3.28	10.72 ± 2.44	2.23 (1.48, 2.97)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.414	p = 0.000^*	2.8 (1.75, 3.84)
LH	Group B	12.27 ± 3.07	7.92 ± 1.49	4.35 (3.61, 5.08)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.414	p = 0.000^*	2.8 (1.75, 3.84)
FSH	Group A	5.65 ± 1.37	5.49 ± 0.68	0.16 (-0.19, 0.52)	p = 0.362	p = 0.398	p = 0.096	0.32 (-0.06, 0.70)
FSH	Group B	5.35 ± 1.36	5.17 ± 0.77	0.18 (-0.18, 0.54)	p = 0.316	p = 0.398	p = 0.096	0.32 (-0.06, 0.70)
LH/FSH ratio	Group A	2.35 ± 0.33	1.93 ± 0.38	0.42 (0.16, 0.70)	p = 0.002^*	p = 0.962	p = 0.000^*	0.39 (0.23, 0.54)
LH/FSH ratio	Group B	2.35 ± 1.02	1.54 ± 1.88	0.81 (0.54, 1.07)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.962	p = 0.000^*	0.39 (0.23, 0.54)
Interpersonal domain	Group A	34.67 ± 3.46	27.77 ± 2.97	6.90 (5.87, 7.93)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.511	p = 0.000^*	4.57 (2.87, 6.27)
Interpersonal domain	Group B	35.31 ± 4.00	23.20 ± 3.99	12.11 (11.07, 13.14)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.511	p = 0.000^*	4.57 (2.87, 6.27)
Intrapersonal domain	Group A	33.20 ± 3.27	27.36 ± 3.21	5.84 (4.51, 7.16)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.822	p = 0.000^*	4.69 (3.06, 6.33)
Intrapersonal domain	Group B	33.00 ± 3.59	22.67 ± 3.11	10.33 (9.00, 11.66)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.822	p = 0.000^*	4.69 (3.06, 6.33)
Cortisol level	Group A	13.08 ± 2.69	9.38 ± 2.12	3.70 (3.08, 4.31)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.501	p = 0.000^*	2.76 (1.82, 3.71)
Cortisol level	Group B	13.54 ± 2.57	6.62 ± 1.49	6.92 (6.30, 7.53)	p = 0.000^*	p = 0.501	p = 0.000^*	2.76 (1.82, 3.71)

One-way between subject MANOVA for the demographic data of the two tested groups

X̅ ± SD			p value of significance Group A vs. Group B
Demographic data	group (A)	group (B)	p value of significance Group A vs. Group B
Age (years)	27.23 ± 3.73	26.90 ± 4.05	p = 0.742
Weight (kg)	88.30 ± 6.20	90.17 ± 6.78	p = 0.270
Height (cm)	164.00 ± 5.00	163.90± 4.70	p = 0.937
Body mass index (kg/m²)	32.86 ± 1.54	33.48 ± 1.44	p = 0.095

Response of menstrual irregularity and infertility-related stress to ultrasound cavitation combined with aerobic exercise in polycystic ovarian syndrome: double blinded randomized controlled trial

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

McNemar test crosstabs of menstruation regularity in patients with PCOS

Two-way mixed design MANOVA of outcome measures

One-way between subject MANOVA for the demographic data of the two tested groups

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