Fig. 1.

Mean shoulder flexion, abduction, and external rotation ROM before and after intervention in groups A and B
| Shoulder ROM (degrees) | Group A | Group B | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | MD | p-value | Effect size | |
| Flexion | |||||
| Pre-treatment | 101.95 ± 14.23 | 100.13 ± 16.21 | 1.82 | 0.61 | |
| Post-treatment | 121.53 ± 12.34 | 108 ± 15.87 | 13.53 | 0.001 | 0.95 |
| MD | −19.58 | −7.87 | |||
| % of change | 19.21 | 7.86 | |||
| p = 0.001 | p = 0.001 | ||||
| Abduction | |||||
| Pre-treatment | 90.59 ± 11.84 | 88.76 ± 14.01 | 1.83 | 0.54 | |
| Post-treatment | 116.76 ± 12.81 | 95.92 ± 14.48 | 20.84 | 0.001 | 1.52 |
| MD | −26.17 | −7.16 | |||
| % of change | 28.89 | 8.07 | |||
| p = 0.001 | p = 0.001 | ||||
| External rotation | |||||
| Pre-treatment | 63.74 ± 8.51 | 64.21 ± 8.63 | −0.47 | 0.81 | |
| Post-treatment | 82.66 ± 5.37 | 69.92 ± 8.48 | 12.74 | 0.001 | 1.79 |
| MD | −18.92 | −5.71 | |||
| % of change | 29.68 | 8.89 | |||
| p = 0.001 | p = 0.001 |
Characteristics of participants in Group A and Group B, and a comparison between groups
| Group A | Group B | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | t-value | p-value | |
| Age [years] | 43.21 ± 6.01 | 42.39 ± 5.41 | 0.62 | 0.54 |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 28.29 ± 2.05 | 27.74 ± 2.24 | 1.12 | 0.27 |
| Time since surgery [months] | 1.75 ± 0.72 | 1.97 ± 1.03 | −1.08 | 0.28 |
| Sex, N (%) | ||||
| Women | 26 (68%) | 24 (63%) | (χ2 = 0.23) | 0.63 |
| Men | 12 (32%) | 14 (37%) | ||
| Side of ND, N (%) | ||||
| Dominant side | 21 (55%) | 20 (53%) | (χ2 = 0.05) | 0.82 |
| Non dominant side | 17 (45%) | 18 (47%) | ||
| Type of treatment, N (%) | ||||
| Chemotherapy & Surgery | 14 (36.8%) | 11 (29%) | (χ2 = 0.97) | 0.61 |
| Radiotherapy & Surgery & Chemotherapy 12 (31.6%) | 16 (42%) | |||
| Surgery 12 (31.6%) | 11 (29%) |
Mean SPADI before and after intervention in groups A as well as B
| SPADI (%) | Group A | Group B | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | MD | p-value | Effect size | |
| Pre-treatment | 91.08 ± 4.37 | 91.34 ± 3.89 | −0.26 | 0.78 | |
| Post-treatment | 37.66 ± 5.48 | 70.97 ± 5.84 | −33.31 | 0.001 | 5.88 |
| MD | 53.42 | 20.37 | |||
| % of change | 58.65 | 22.30 | |||
| p = 0.001 | p = 0.001 |