World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0: psychometric properties and validation of the Ukrainian version in a sample of cadets of the armed forces

Iuliia Pavlova; Ostap Muzyka; Kateryna Tymruk-Skoropad

doi:10.5114/areh.2022.116702

Figures & Tables

Structure of the WHODAS (based on the results of exploratory factor analysis)

Item No. WHODAS 2.0	Factor

	1	2	3	4	5	6
1.1.				0.401
1.2				0.767
1.3				0.713
1.4				0.789
1.5				0.613
1.6				0.402
2.1			0.578
2.2			0.656
2.3		0.412	0.682
2.4			0.882
2.5			0.557
3.1	0.633
3.2	0.463		0.454
3.3		0.625
3.4		0.717
4.1	0.687
4.2	0.630
4.3	0.737
4.4	0.737
4.5	0.660
5.1		0.936
5.2		0.897
5.3		0.714
5.4		0.588
5.5					0.683
5.6					0.838
5.7					0.847
5.8					0.873
6.1	0.401	0.550
6.2	0.380
6.3	0.469
6.4						0.839
6.5						0.805
6.6						0.779
6.7			0.356
6.8						0.326

Indicators of internal consistency of the WHODAS

The questionnaire domain	Item No.	Item content	rjx	α-x
Cognition (α = 0.886, АVE = 0.403, CRC = 0.791)	1.1	Concentrating on doing something	0.646	0.873
	1.2	Remembering to do important things	0.763	0.854
	1.3	Analysing and finding solution to the problem	0.797	0.848
	1.4	Learning a new task	0.676	0.868
	1.5	Understanding what people say	0.706	0.864
	1.6	Starting and maintaining a conversation	0.610	0.880

Mobility (α = 0.888, AVE = 0.463, CRC = 0.808)	2.1	Standing for long periods	0.685	0.881
	2.2	Standing up from a sitting position	0.723	0.865
	2.3	Moving around inside home	0.768	0.854
	2.4	Getting out of home	0.803	0.849
	2.5	Walking a long distance	0.706	0.870

Self-care (α = 0.772, AVE = 0.379, CRC = 0.705)	3.1	Washing whole body	0.468	0.723
	3.2	Getting dressed	0.661	0.643
	3.3	Eating	0.619	0.631
	3.4	Staying by yourself	0.508	0.734

	4.1	Dealing with people you do not know	0.671	0.748
Getting along with people (α = 0.828, AVE = 0.478, CRC = 0.820)	4.2	Maintaining a friendship	0.650	0.757
	4.3	Getting along with people who are close to you	0.483	0.800
	4.4	Making new friends	0.771	0.702
	4.5	Sexual activities	0.533	0.819

Life activities: household work (α = 0.952, AVE = 0.634, CRC = 0.870)	5.1	Taking care of household responsibilities	0.840	0.945
	5.2	Doing most important household tasks well	0.907	0.926
	5.3	Getting all the household work done that is needed to be done	0.916	0.921
	5.4	Getting household work done as quickly as needed	0.866	0.940

Life activities: work/school (α = 0.909, AVE = 0.662, CRC = 0.886)	5.5	Day-to-day work/school	0.702	0.914
	5.6	Doing most important work/school well	0.811	0.873
	5.7	Getting all the work done	0.853	0.857
	5.8	Getting work done as quickly as needed	0.806	0.873

Participation (α = 0.816, AVE = 0.516, CRC = 0.796)	6.1	Problems with joining in community activities	0.476	0.802
	6.2	Problems because of barriers or hindrances in the world around	0.568	0.788
	6.3	Living with dignity	0.560	0.789
	6.4	Time spent on health	0.563	0.790
	6.5	Emotional affection by health conditions	0.629	0.777
	6.6	Drain on the financial resources due to health conditions	0.503	0.797
	6.7	Problems that family have because of your health conditions	0.422	0.808
	6.8	Problems in doing things individually for relaxation or pleasure	0.551	0.790

Correlations (r) between the structural parts of the WHODAS and MOS SF-36 questionnaires

WHODAS domains	MOSSF-36 Scales

	PF	RF	BP	GH	VT	SF	RE	MH	PSC	MCS
General index	−0.465^*	−0.375^*	−0.342^*	−0.424^*	−0.513^*	−0.524^*	−0.386^*	−0.410^*	−	−0.431^*1
Cognition	−0.266^*	−0.205^*	−0.203^††	−0.282^*	−0.366^*	−0.382^*	−0.231^*	−0.312^*	−	−0.296^*
Mobility	−0.553^*.1	−0.375^*	−0.358^*	−0.362^*	−0.361^*	−0.356^*	−0.243^*	−0.249^*	−0.165^†	−0.164^†
Self-care	−0.301^*	−0.155^**	−0.170^**	−0.211^*	−0.244^*	−0.261^*	−0.139^†	−0.194^*	−	−0.152^†
Getting along with people	−0.155^*	−0.130^†	−0.159^†	−0.250^*	−0.390^*	−0.478^*.1	−0.256^*	−0.354^*	−	−0.398^*1
Life activities: household work	−0.270^*	−0.196^†	−	−0.239^*	−0.279^*	−0.280^*	−0.185^†	−0.197^†	–	−0.181^†
Life activities: work/school	−0.420^*.1	−0.392^*1	−0.288^*	−0.396^*	−0.432^*	−0.456^*.1	−0.381^*	−0.340^*	–	−0.411^*
Participation	−0.389^*	−0.391^*	−0.390^*	−0.386^*1	−0.496^*	−0.531^*.1	−0.453^*.1	−0.387^*	–	−0.459^*.1

WHODAS domains	MOSSF–36 Scales

	PF	RF	BP	GH	VT	SF	RE	MH	PSC	MCS

General index	−0.465^*	−0.375^*	−0.342^*	−0.424^*	−0.513^*	−0.524^*	−0.386^*	−0.410^*	–	−0.431^*1
Cognition	−0.266^*	−0.205^*	−0.203^††	−0.282^*	−0.366^*	−0.382^*	−0.231^*	−0.312^*	–	−0.296^*
Mobility	−0.553^*.1	−0.375^*	−0.358^*	−0.362^*	−0.361^*	−0.356^*	−0.243^*	−0.249^*	−0.165^†	−0.164^†
Self-care	−0.301^*	−0.155^**	−0.170^**	−0.211^*	−0.244^*	−0.261^*	−0.139^†	−0.194^*	–	−0.152^†
Getting along with people	−0.155^*	−0.130^†	−0.159^†	−0.250^*	−0.390^*	−0.478^*.1	−0.256^*	−0.354^*	–	−0.398^*1
Life activities: household work	−0.270^*	−0.196^†	−	−0.239^*	−0.279^*	−0.280^*	−0.185^†	−0.197^†	–	−0.181^†
Life activities: work/school	−0.420^*.1	−0.392^*1	−0.288^*	−0.396^*	−0.432^*	−0.456^*.1	−0.381^*	−0.340^*	–	−0.411^*
Participation	−0.389^*	−0.391^*	−0.390^*	−0.386^*1	−0.496^*	−0.531^*.1	−0.453^*.1	−0.387^*	–	−0.459^*.1

Characteristics of the cadets (n = 256)

Year of study	Number of cadets	Age (years)	Height (cm)	Weight (kg)	Body Mass Index (kg/m²)
1	76	18.57 ± 2.2	180.3 ± 6.71	71.51 ± 7.19	21.99 ± 1.54
2	90	19.39 ± 1.76	179.29 ± 7.26	72.65 ± 8.71	22.56 ± 2.03
3	87	21.16 ± 2.8	178.42 ± 5.73	72.54 ± 6.61	22.5 ± 3.03

General socio-demographic characteristics of the study population (n = 256)

Variables	Total n (%)
Age, М±SD (years)	19.73 ± 2.53
Marital status:
– single	248 (97%)
– married	8 (3%)
Children:
– yes (present)	4 (1%)
– none	252 (99%)
Presence of unhealthy habits:
– cadets indicating unhealthy habits	162 (63%)
– smoking (tobacco, hookah, GLO)	148 (58%)
– alcohol consumption	26 (10%)
– other	3 (1%)
Military service experience before studying in the Academy:
– yes	51 (20%)
– no	205 (80%)

Correlations between factors

Factors	1	2	3	4	5	6
1	(0.691)
2	0.376	(0.892)
3	0.266	0.419	(0.680)
4	0.346	0.322	0.371	(0.635)
5	0.486	0.461	0.474	0.452	(0.814)
6	0.422	0.376	0.258	0.396	0.412	(0.718)

World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0: psychometric properties and validation of the Ukrainian version in a sample of cadets of the armed forces

Figures & Tables

Structure of the WHODAS (based on the results of exploratory factor analysis)

Indicators of internal consistency of the WHODAS

Correlations (r) between the structural parts of the WHODAS and MOS SF-36 questionnaires

Characteristics of the cadets (n = 256)

General socio-demographic characteristics of the study population (n = 256)

Correlations between factors

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