| Sancho et al., (2015) [7] |
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Abdominal crunch
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Drawing-in
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Combination of 1 and 2 | Abdominal crunch reduced DRA, drawing-in exercises did not reduce DRA |
| Mota et al., (2015) [8] |
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Abdominal crunch - -
Drawing-in | Considerable decrease in DRA during abdominal crunch, a slight reduction in DRA during drawing-in exercises |
| Pascoal et al., (2014) [9] | Isometric contraction of abdominal muscles | Reduction in DRA during contraction |
| Benerjee et al. (2013) [10] | Two groups:group A – antenatal exercises + abdominal strengthening exercisesgroup B – antenatal exercises only | Abdominal strengthening exercises reduced the risk of DRA in group A. Group A included 53% of the participants who had DRA, while group B included 93% of the women with DRA. |
| Chiarello et al., (2005) [11] | Two groups:
- 1.
Exercising before delivery: pelvic ante- and retroflexion, contracting the transversus abdominis muscle and pelvic floor muscles, + strengthening upper and lower limbs, - 2.
Non-exercising before delivery. | Exercising during pregnancy reduced the risk of DRA. In the group of exercising participants, 12.5% of the women exhibited DRA, while in the non-exercising group, 90% had DRA. In the exercising group, DRA was much narrower than in the non-exercising group. |
| Hsia, Jones, (2000) [12] | Comparison of two pregnant women:A – non-exercising, increased pushing during delivery, B – participant of antenatal exercise programme, less demanding delivery
| DRA increased considerably during pregnancy in woman A and B. After delivery, DRA in woman A increased, while in woman B it decreased. |
| Emanuelsson, (2014) [4] | Assessment of the effects of the training programme of exercises engaging abdominal muscles. | The lack of satisfaction of the study participants caused by the long-lasting pain and bulge in the median line of the body. An improvement in trunk muscle strength. |
| Litos, (2014) [15] | Progressive exercises programme focusing on the activation of the transversus abdominis muscle and pelvic floor muscles, patient education, using braces. | The therapy eliminated pain, DRA was reduced completely, the patient returned to physical activity from before delivery, no problems with ADL. |
| Acharry, Kutty, (2015) [16] | The programme of isometric exercises in a supine position:
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pushing the two parts of the rectus abdominis muscle together towards the median line of the body with one’s hands,
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stabilising DRA with one’s hands combined with pelvis retroflexion,
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pelvis movements. | DRA reduced by 71% after two weeks of training. |
| Sheppard, (1996) [17] | Re-education of the transversus abdominis muscle two years after delivery. Contractions of transversus abdominis progressing with the therapy from the supine position to the position on all fours. | Reduction in DRA by 88% after 4-month treatment. Eliminating low back pain. Strengthening abdominal muscles. |
| Sharma, (2014) [18] | Comparison of two groups of women exercising:1. during pregnancy, 2. during postpartum period. Exercises of the transversus abdominis muscle, resistance training, cardiovascular exercises. | In both groups, DRA decreased considerably, there were no significant differences between the groups. |
