Immunoglobulins content in colostrum, transitional and mature milk of Bangladeshi mothers: Influence of parity and sociodemographic characteristics

Characteristics	% (n)	Mean ± SD
Maternal age (years)		22.84 ± 4.8
18–20	34.0 (13)
21–25	37.0 (14)
≥26	29.0 (11)
Parity		1.78 ± 0.9
Primiparous	34.0 (13)
Multiparous	66.0 (25)
BMI (kg/m²)		24.65 ± 0.71
<18.5	11.0 (04)
18.6–25.0	71.0 (27)
≥25.01	18.0 (07)
Family income (BDT )		6131 ± 287
Up to 4000	29.0 (11)
4001–8000	47.0 (18)
≥8001	24.0 (09)

Table 2

Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG and IgM) concentration (g/L) in colostrum, transitional and mature milk.

Immunoglobulins (n = 38)	Concentration (g/L) of immunoglobulins in human milk				Statistics
	Mean ± SD	95% CI (lower-upper)	Ranges	t-statistics	Correlation co-efficient
IgA
Colostrum^a	5.92 ± 1.5	5.45–6.40	3.16–8.97	t^ab = 7.15 P^ab = 0.000**	r^ab = 0.028 P^ab = 0.94
Transitional milk^b	3.85 ± 0.64	3.64–4.05	1.35–4.69	t^bc = 1.02 P^bc = 0.32	r^bc = 0.33 P^bc = 0.04^*
Mature milk^c	3.72 ± 0.68	3.50–3.93	1.79–4.43	t^ac = 8.28 P^ac = 0.000**	r^ac = 0.001 P^ac = 0.543
IgG
Colostrum^a	0.10 ± 0.03	0.09–0.11	0.04–0.17	t^ab = =4.03 P^ab = 0.000^**	r^ab = 0.002 P^ab = 0.537
Transitional milk^b	0.12 ± 0.02	0.11–0.12	0.08–0.15	t^bc = 1.00 P^bc = 0.32	r^bc = 0.51 P^bc = 0.001^**
Mature milk^c	0.11 ± 0.02	0.11–0.12	0.07–0.17	t^ac = 2.66 P^ac = 0.011*	r^ac = 0.005 P^ac = 0.654
IgM
Colostrum^a	0.44 ± 0.10	0.41–0.47	0.23–0.59	t^ab = 21.37 P^ab = 0.000^**	r^ab = 0.023 P^ab = 0.345
Transitional milk^b	0.10 ± 0.02	0.09–0.10	0.04–0.14	t^bc = 1.28 P^bc = 0.21	r^bc = 0.34 P^bc = 0.04^*
Mature milk^c	0.09 ± 0.02	0.08–0.10	0.06–0.15	t^ac = 20.71 P^ac = 0.000^**	r^ac = 0.005 P^ac = 0.345

[i] r = Pearson’s correlation coefficient

^*P < 0.05.

^**P < 0.01.

^aColostrum, ^bTransitional milk, ^cMature milk

Table 3

Association of immunoglobulins concentration at different stages of lactation with maternal characteristics and family income.

Maternal characteristics (n = 38)	% (n)	Colostrum (g/L)			Transitional milk (g/L)			Mature milk (g/L)
			Mean ± SD			Mean ± SD			Mean ± SD
		IgA	IgG	IgM	IgA	IgG	IgM	IgA	IgG	IgM
Age (years)
18–20	34.0 (13)	6.04 ± 1.3	0.10 ± 0.03	0.42 ± 0.1	3.81 ± 0.5	0.13 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.02	3.78 ± 0.8	0.12 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.02
21–25	37.0 (14)	6.01 ± 1.4	0.10 ± 0.03	0.42 ± 0.1	3.84 ± 0.8	0.12 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.02	3.72 ± 0.7	0.11± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.02
≥26	29.0 (11)	5.9 ± 1.5	0.10 ± 0.02	0.41 ± 0.1	3.82 ± 0.6	0.12 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.03	3.80 ± 0.7	0.11 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.03
P-value		0.98	0.74	0.19	0.78	0.69	0.94	0.99	0.57	0.39
Parity
Primiparous	34.0 (13)	6.58 ± 1.3	0.10 ± 0.022	0.44 ± 0.1	3.73 ± 0.9	0.13 ± 0.02	0.11 ± 0.02	3.78 ± 0.8	0.12 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.03
Multiparous	66.0 (25)	5.58 ± 1.5	0.10 ± 0.03	0.44 ± 0.1	3.91 ± 0.5	0.11 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.02	3.69 ± 0.6	0.11 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.02
P-value		0.05	0.56	0.94	0.42	*0.03	0.05	0.70	0.76	0.82
BMI (kg/m²)
<18.5	11.0 (04)	4.26 ± 1.2	0.08 ± 0.02	0.43 ± 0.1	3.91 ± 0.3	0.11 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.02	3.63 ± 0.9	0.10 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.00
18.6–25.0	71.0 (27)	6.09 ± 1.3	0.10 ± 0.03	0.44 ± 0.1	3.83 ± 0.7	0.12 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.02	3.67 ± 0.7	0.12 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.02
≥25.01	18.0 (07)	6.21 ± 1.9	0.10 ± 0.4	0.44 ± 0.1	3.86 ± 0.6	0.12 ± 0.02	0.11 ± 0.02	3.96 ± 0.4	0.11 ± 0.03	0.09 ± 0.03
P-value		0.08	0.69	0.94	0.99	0.37	0.17	0.74	0.47	0.74
Family Income (BDT)
Up to 4000	29.0 (11)	5.06 ± 1.4	0.10 ± 0.03	0.43 ± 0.1	3.88 ± 0.5	0.12 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.02	3.72 ± 0.7	0.11 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.02
4001–8000	47.0 (18)	5.94 ± 1.5	0.10 ± 0.02	0.44 ± 0.1	3.83 ± 0.8	0.12 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.02	3.80 ± 0.7	0.11 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.02
≥8001	24.0 (09)	6.22 ± 1.3	0.10 ± 0.04	0.46 ± 0.1	3.85 ± 0.6	0.12 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.03	3.56 ± 0.7	0.12 ± 0.03	0.09 ± 0.03
P-value		0.09	0.90	0.73	0.98	0.74	0.92	0.69	0.37	0.96

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.34763/jmotherandchild.20202403.2032.d-20-00001 | Journal eISSN: 2719-535X | Journal ISSN: 2719-6488

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Language: English

Page range: 8 - 15

Published on: Jan 29, 2021

Published by: Institute of Mother and Child

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

human,

milk,

Related subjects:

Pediatrics and juvenile medicine,

Paediatric haematology and oncology,

Public health

© 2021 Hashemi Akhter, Farina Aziz, Fahim R. Ullah, Monira Ahsan, Sheikh N. Islam, published by Institute of Mother and Child
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 24 (2020): Issue 3 (September 2020)