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Observed changes in ocean acidity and carbon dioxide exchange in the coastal Bay of Bengal – a link to air pollution Cover

Observed changes in ocean acidity and carbon dioxide exchange in the coastal Bay of Bengal – a link to air pollution

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology
Volume 67 (2015): Issue 1
By: ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Jan 2015
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Fig 1.

Map showing the station locations in the western coastal Bay of Bengal during 1991 (blue plus) and 2011 (red plus). The circles show time-series observation sites – Visakhapatnam (VSP) and Paradip (PRP).

Fig 2.

Distribution of surface temperature and salinity in the western coastal Bay of Bengal during 1991 (top panel) and 2011 (bottom panel).

Fig 3.

Spatial variations in monthly mean climatological SST differences between 2002–2012 and 1982–1991 for different months from December to April.

Fig 4.

Decadal variations in the seasonal cycles of air temperature (AT) and sea surface temperature (SST) in the northwestern coastal Bay of Bengal (18–22° N; 84–91°E) (top panel) and the seasonal cycles in the differences of AT and SST from 2002–2012 to 1982–1991 (bottom panel).

Fig 5.

Distributions of surface DIC (μM), pH and pCO2 (μatm) in the western coastal Bay of Bengal during 1991 (top panel) and 2011 (bottom panel).

Table 1.

The rates of change in DIC, pH and pCO2 in different parts of the world ocean

RegionDIC μmol kg−1 y−1)pH (y−1)pCO2 (μatm y−1)ReferenceN. Pacific1.2±0.10.0017±0.00012.5±0.1Dore et al., 2003, 2009, Keeling et al., 2004; Church et al., 2013N. Atlantic1.4±0.20.0017±0.00011.7±0.3Bates, 2007; Schuster et al., 2009; Astor et al., 2013S. Indian––2.1±0.2Metzl, 2009Southwest coastal Bay of Bengal 1991–20111.6±0.40.0019±0.00011.5±0.8This study 2005–20132.3±0.30.0022±0.00012.2±0.6Northwest coastal Bay of Bengal 1991–20118.2±0.50.007±0.00016.7±0.4This study 2005–2011–0.005±0.00015.4±0.3
Fig 6.

Time-series variations mean (February–March) salinity, pH and pCO2 (μatm) at time-series stations off Visakhapatnam (VSP; left panel) and Paradip (PRP; right panel).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v67.24638 | Journal eISSN: 1600-0889
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Language: English
Page range: 24638 - 24638
Submitted on: Apr 13, 2014
Accepted on: Dec 21, 2014
Published on: Jan 1, 2015
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
Aerosols,
acidification,
CO2 flux,
decadal variations,
Bay of Bengal

© 2015 V. V. S. S. Sarma, M. S. Krishna, Y. S. Paul, V. S. N. Murty, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 67 (2015): Issue 1
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