Balloon observation of aerosols in the antarctic troposphere and stratosphere
By: Tomoyuki Ito, Yasuhiro Morita and Yasunobu Iwasaka
References
-
Bigg
, E. K. 1980. Comparison of aerosol at four baseline aerosol monitoring stations. J. Atmos. Sci. 19, 521– 533. -
Bigg
, E. K., Gras, J. L.and Evans, C. 1984. Origin of Aitken particles in remote regions of the southern hemisphere. J. Atmos. Chem. 1, 303– 214. -
Cadle
, R. D., Fisher, W. H., Frank, E. R.and Lodge, J. P.Jr . 1968. Particles in the antarctic atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 25, 100– 103. -
Delmas
, R.and Boutron, C. 1980. Are the past variations of the stratospheric sulfate burden recorded in central antarctic snow and ice layer?. 85, 5645– 5649. -
Delmas
, R., Briat, M.and Legrand, M. 1982. Chemistry of south polar snow. J. Geophys. Res. 87, 4314– 4318. -
Frank
, E. R.and Lodge, J. P.Jr . 1967. Morphological identification of airborne particles with the electron microscopy. J. Microscopie, 449– 456. -
Gras
, J. L. 1983. Ammonia and ammonium concentration in the antarctic atmosphere. Atmos. Enriron. 17. 815– 818. -
Hofmann
, D. J., Rosen, . I. M., Kjome, N. T., Olson, G. L.and Schmeltekopf, A. L. 1976. Aerosols and gases in the antarctic stratosphere. Antarct. J. U. S. II, 99– 101. -
Hofmann
, D. J., Rosen, J. M., Pepin, T. J.and Pinnick, R. G. 1973. Particles in the polar stratosphere. Nature, 369– 371. -
Hofmann
, D. J., Rosen, J. M., Olson, G. L., Kjome, N. T., Schmeltekopf, A. L.and Goldan, P. D. 1977. Measurement of trace gases and aerosols in the antarctic stratosphere. Amara. J. U. S. 12, 162. -
Hofmann
, D. J.and Rosen, J. M. 1981. On the background stratospheric aerosol layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 38, 168– 181. -
Hofmann
, D. J.and Rosen, J. M. 1985. Antarctic observations of stratospheric aerosol and high altitude condensation nuclei following the El Chichon eruption. Geophys. Res. Lett. 12, 13– 16. -
Hogan
, A. W. 1979. Meteorological transport of particulate material to the South Polar plateau. J. Appl. Meteorol. 18, 741– 749. -
Hogan
, A., Barnard, S., Samson, J.and Winters, W. 1982. The transport of heat, water vapor and particulate material to the south polar plateau. J. Geophys. Res. 87, 4287– 4292. -
Ito
, T. 1983. Study on properties and origins of aerosol particles in the antarctic atmosphere.. 34, 151- 219( in Japanese with English abstract and captions). -
Ito
, T. 1985. Study of background aerosols in the antarctic troposphere. J. Amos. Chem. 3, 69– 91. -
Ito
, T.and lwai,. 1981. On the sudden increase in the concentration of Aitken particles in the antarctic atmosphere. J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 262– 271. -
Ito
, T., Ono, A.and lwai,. 1982. On the origin and nature of antarctic aerosols. Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. Special Issue, 289– 296. -
Ito
, T., Ikegami, M.and Kanazawa, I. 1983. Aitken nuclei sonde with constant expansion ratio irrespective of ambient pressure. Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. Special Issue, 185– 190. -
Ito
, T., Ikegami, M., Kanazawa, I., Iwasaka, Y.and Ono, A. 1985. Balloon-borne observation of Aitken nuclei in the antarctic stratosphere and troposphere. Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. Special Issue, 10– 16. -
Iwasaka
, Y., Hirasawa, T., Fukunishi, H., Fujiwara, M., Fujii, R.and Miyaoka, H. 1985a. Laser radar observation of polar stratospheric aerosol layer. Proc. Int. MAP Sympo. Kyoto Japan (MAP Handbook). -
Iwasaka
, Y., Okada, K.and Ono, A.. Individual aerosol particles in the antarctic upper troposphere. Mem. Natl. Polar Res. Special Issue, 17– 29. -
Kida
, H. 1983. General circulation of air parcels and transport characteristics derived from a hemispheric GCM. Part 2. Very long-term motion of air parcels in the troposphere and stratosphere. J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 510– 523. -
Maenhaut
, W., Zoller, W. H., Duce, R. A.and Hoffman, G. L. 1979. Concentration and size distribution of particulate trace elements in the south polar atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 84, 2421– 2431. -
McCormick
, M. P. 1985. Aerosol observation for climate studies. Advances in Space Res. to be published (presented at the 25th COSPAR Plenary Meeting, 1984). -
Meszaros
, A.and Vissy, K. 1974. Concentration, size distribution and chemical nature of atmospheric aerosol particles in remote oceanic areas. J. Aerosol Sci. 5, 101– 109. -
Morita
, Y., Takagi, M., Iwasaka, Y.and Ono, A. 1985. Balloon measurements of aerosol in the antarctic stratosphere. Proc. Int. MAP Sympo. Kyoto Japan (MAP Handbook). -
Morita
, Y.and Takagi, M. 1983. Balloon measurements of stratospheric aerosol by light scattering aerosol particle counters., 87- 99( in Japanese). -
Ono
, A., Ito, T.and Iwai, K. 1981. A note on the origin and nature of antarctic aerosol. Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. Special Issue, 141– 151. -
Parungo
, F., Bodaine, B.and Bortaniak, J. 1981. Seasonal variation in antarctic aerosol. J. Aerosol Sci. 12, 491– 504. -
Rosen
, J. M.and Hofmann, D. J. 1983. Unusual behavior in the condensation nuclei concentration at 30 km. J. Geophys. Res. 88, 3725– 3731. -
Shaw
, G. E. 1982. On the residence time of the antarctic ice sheet sulfate aerosol. J. Geophys. Res. 87, 4309– 4313. -
Steele
, H. M., Hamill, P., McCormick, M. P.and Swissler, T. J. 1983. The formation of polar stratospheric clouds. J. Atmos. Scl. 40, 2055– 2067.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v38i3-4.15130 | Journal eISSN: 1600-0889
Language: English
Page range: 214 - 222
Submitted on: Sep 13, 1985
Accepted on: Feb 27, 1986
Published on: Jan 1, 1986
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
© 1986 Tomoyuki Ito, Yasuhiro Morita, Yasunobu Iwasaka, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.