Towards the assimilation of all-sky microwave radiances from the SAPHIR humidity sounder in a limited area NWP model over tropical regions

Jérémy Guerbette; Jean-François Mahfouf; Matthieu Plu

doi:10.3402/tellusa.v68.28620

Towards the assimilation of all-sky microwave radiances from the SAPHIR humidity sounder in a limited area NWP model over tropical regions

Tellus

Volume 68 (2016): Issue 1

By: Jérémy Guerbette, Jean-François Mahfouf and Matthieu Plu

Open Access

|Dec 2016

Abstract

Microwave radiances from the humidity sounder SAPHIR at 183GHz onboard the MEGHA-TROPIQUES satellite are simulated in cloudy and rainy conditions (all-sky radiances) using short-range forecasts from the operational limited area model ALADIN-Réunion over the Indian Ocean. The simulation of SAPHIR radiances uses cloud and precipitation profiles from the moist physical parameterizations of ALADIN-Réunion describing deep convection and large-scale precipitation, that are coupled to the fast radiative transfer model RTTOV-SCATT accounting for scattering by hydrometeors. Sensitivity studies show that within cloud systems the SAPHIR sounder is particularly sensitive to solid precipitating hydrometeors. An optimal choice of scattering properties for snow particles is undertaken by a systematic comparison of simulated and observed SAPHIR radiances over a 1-month period in February 2012. This choice has required defining a criterion for rain occurrence from SAPHIR radiances that has been calibrated with the TMPA 3B40RT surface precipitation rate product. Finally, a retrieval technique based on Bayesian inversion is proposed to derive atmospheric profiles within clouds to be assimilated in the ALADIN 3D-Var system in a forthcoming study. The retrieved profiles are evaluated through the simulation of radiances from the microwave imager MADRAS that also flew on MEGHA-TROPIQUES.

References

Auligné T. , Lorenc A. , Michel Y. , Montmerle T. , Jones A. , co-authors . Toward a new cloud analysis and prediction system. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 2011; 92: 207210.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bauer P . Including a melting layer in microwave radiative transfer simulations for clouds. Amos. Res. 2001; 57: 9–30.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bauer P. , Lopez P. , Benedetti A. , Salmond D. , Saarinen S. , co-authors . Implementation of 1D+4D-Var assimilation of precipitation affected microwave radiances at ECMWF. Part II: 4D-Var. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2006b; 132: 2307–2332.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bauer P. , Moreau E. , Chevallier F. , O'Keeffe U . Multiple scattering microwave radiative transfer for data assimilation applications. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2006a; 132: 1259–1281.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bechtold P. , Bazile E. , Guichard F. , Mascart P. , Richard E . A mass-flux convection scheme for regional and global models. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2001; 127: 869–886.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Belamari S . Report on uncertainty estimates of an optimal bulk formulation for surface turbulent fluxes. Marine EnviRonment and Security for the European Area Integrated Project (MERSEA IP), Deliverable D. 2005; 4: 29.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bormann N. , Geer A. , English S . Evaluation of the microwave ocean surface emissivity model FASTEM-5 in the IFS. ECMWF Tech. Memo. No 667. 2012
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bougeault P . A simple parameterization of the large scale effects of cumulus convection. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1985; 113: 2108–2121.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bougeault P. , Lacarrère P . Parameterization of orography-induced turbulence in a meso-beta scale model. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1989; 117: 1870–1888.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bouteloup Y. , Seity Y. , Bazile E . Description of the sedimentation scheme used operationally in all Météo-France NWP models. Tellus. 2011; 63A: 300–311.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bubnova R. , Hello G. , Bénard P. , Geleyn J.-F . Integration of the fully elastic equation cast in the hydrostatic pressure terrain-following in the framework of the ARPEGE/ALADIN NWP model. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1995; 123: 515–535.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Caumont O., Ducrocq V., Watterelot E., Jaubert G., Pradier-Vabre S. 1D+3DVar assimilation of radar reflectivity data: a proof of concept. Tellus A. 2010; 6173187. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2009.00430.x.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Courtier P. , Freydier C. , Geleyn J.-F. , Rabier F. , Rochas M . The ARPEGE project at Météo-France. Proc. 1991 ECMWF Seminar on Numerical Methods in Atmospheric Models. 1991; 193–231. Shinfield Park, Reading, ECMWF.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Courtier P. , Thépaut J.-N. , Hollingsworth A . A strategy for operational implementation of 4D-Var using an incremental approach. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 1994; 120: 1367–1387.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chambon P. , Meunier L.-F. , Guillaume F. , Piriou J.-M. , Roca R. , co-authors . Investigating the impact of water vapour sounding observations from SAPHIR on board Megha-Tropiques into ARPEGE global model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2015; 141: 1769–1779.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chapnik B. , Desroziers G. , Rabier F. , Talagrand O . Diagnosis and tuning of observational error in a quasi-operational data assimilation setting. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2006; 132: 543–565.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Davies H. C . A lateral boundary formulation for multi-level prediction models. Quart J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 1976; 102: 405–418.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Deblonde G. , Mahfouf J.-F. , Bilodeau B. , Anselmo D . One-dimensional variational data assimilation of SSM/I observations in rainy atmospheres at MSC. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2007; 135: 152–172.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dee D. P., Uppala S. M., Simmons A. J., Berrisford P., Poli P., co-authors. The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2011; 137553597. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.828.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Desroziers G., Camino J.-T., Berre L. 4DEnVar: link with 4D state formulation of variational assimilation and different possible implementations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2014; 14020972110. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.2325.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Donlon C. J., Martin M., Stark J. D., Roberts-Jones J., Fiedler E., co-authors. The Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice analysis (OSTIA). Remote Sens. Env. 2012; 116: 140–158. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.100172011.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Draine B. T. , Flatau P. J . Discrete-dipole approximation for scattering calculations. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 1994; 11: 1491–1499.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Duffourg F. , Ducrocq V. , Fourrié N. , Jaubert G. , Guidard V . Simulation of satellite infrared radiances for convective scale data assimilation over the Mediterranean. J. Geophys. Res. 2010; 115: D15107.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
English S. , co-authors . Impact of satellite data. ECMWF Tech. Memo No 711. 2014; 48. ECMWF, Reading, UK,.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Errico R. M. , Bauer P. , Mahfouf J.-F . Issues regarding the assimilation of cloud and precipitation data. J. Atmos. Sci. 2007; 64: 3785–3798.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Eyre J. R . A fast radiative transfer model for satellite sounding systems. ECMWF Tech. Memo No 176. 1991. ECMWF, Reading, UK.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Faure G. , Westrelin S. , Roy D . Un nouveau modèle de prévision à Météo-France: Aladin-Réunion. La Météorologie. 2008; 60: 29–35.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Field P. R. , Heymfield A. J. , Bansemer A . Snow size distribution parameterization for midlatitude and tropical ice clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 2007; 64: 4346–4365.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fischer C. , Montmerle T. , Berre L. , Auger L. , Stefanescu S. E . An overview of the variational assimilation in the ALADIN/France NWP system. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2005; 131: 3477–3492.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fouquart Y. , Bonnel B . Computations of solar heating of the Earth's atmosphere: a new parameterization. Beitr. Phys. Atmos. 1980; 53: 35–62.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Funatsu B., Claud C., Chaboureau J.-P. Potential of Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit to identify precipitating systems and associated upper-level features in the Mediterranean region: case studies. J. Geophys. Res. 2007; 112: D17113. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008297.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Garand L. , Turner D. S. , Larocque M. , Bates J. J. , Boukabara S. , co-authors . Radiance and Jacobian intercomparison of radiative transfer models applied to HIRS and AMSU channels. J. Geophys. Res. 2001; 106: 24017–24031.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Geer A. J. , Bauer P. , Lopez P . Direct 4D-Var assimilation of all-sky radiances. Part II. Assessment. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2010; 136: 1886–1905.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Geer A. J. , Bauer P. , O'Dell C. W . A revised cloud overlap scheme for fast microwave radiative transfer. J. Appl. Meteor. Clim. 2009; 48: 2257–2270.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Geer A. J. , Boardo F . Improved scattering radiative transfer for frozen hydrometeors at microwave frequencies. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2014; 7: 1839–1860.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Geer A. J. , Boardo F. , Bormann N. , English S . All-sky assimilation of microwave humidity sounders. ECMWF Tech. Memo. No 741. 2014; 59.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hogan R. J. , Mason I. B . Jolliffe I. T. , Stephenson D. B . Deterministic forecasts of binary events. Forecast Verification: A Practitioner's Guide in Atmospheric Science. 2012; Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, UK. 32–59.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hong G., Heygster G., Miao J., Kunzi K. Detection of tropical deep convective clouds from AMSU-B water vapor channels measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 2005; 110: D05205. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JD004949.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Huffman G. J. , Bolvin D. T. , Nelkin E. J. , Wolff D. B. , Adler R. F. , co-authors . The TRMM Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA): quasi-global, multiyear, combined-sensor precipitation estimates at fine scales. J. Hydrometeor. 2007; 8: 38–55.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Joseph J. H. , Wiscombe W. J. , Weinman J. A . The Delta-Eddington approximation for radiative flux transfer. J. Atmos. Sci. 1976; 33: 2452–2459.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kelly G. A. , Bauer P. , Geer A. J. , Lopez P. , Thépaut J.-N . Impact of SSM/I observations related to moisture, clouds and precipitation on global NWP forecast skill. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2008; 136: 2713–2726.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kessler E . On the distribution and continuity of water substance on atmospheric circulation. Meteorol. Monogr. 1969; 10(30): 84.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kidder S. Q. , Vonder Haar T. H . Satellite Meteorology: An Introduction. 1995; Academic Press, San Diego, USA. 466.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kim M.-J., Weinman J. A., Olson W. S., Chang D.-E., Skofronick-Jackson G., co-authors. A physical model to estimate snowfall over land using AMSU-B observations. J. Geophys. Res. 2008; 113D09201. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JD008589.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kulie M. S. , Bennartz R. , Greenwald T. J. , Chen Y. , Weng F . Uncertainties in microwave properties of frozen precipitation: implications for remote sensing and data assimilation. J. Atmos. Sci. 2010; 67: 3471–3487.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kummerow C . On the accuracy of the Eddington approximation for radiative transferin microwave frequencies. J. Geophys. Res. 1993; 98(D2): 2757–2765.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kummerow C. , Hong Y. , Olson W. , Yang S. , Adler R. , co-authors . The evolution of the Goddard Profiling Algorithm (GPROF) for rainfall estimation from passive microwave sensors. J. Appl. Meteor. 2001; 40: 1801–1820.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Laprise R . The Euler equations of motion with hydrostatic pressure as an independent variable. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1992; 120: 197–207.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Liebe H. J . MPM- an atmospheric millimeter-wave propagation model. Int. J. Infrared Milli. Waves. 1989; 10: 631–650.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Liebe H. J. , Rosenkranz P. W. , Hufford G. A . Atmospheric 60-GHz oxygen spectrum: new laboratory measurements and line parameters. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer. 1992; 48: 629–643.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Liu G . A database of microwave single-scattering properties for nonspherical ice particles. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc. 2008; 111: 1563–1570.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lopez P . Implementation and validation of a new prognostics large-scale cloud and precipitation scheme for climate and data-assimilation purposes. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2002; 128: 229–257.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mahfouf J.-F . Advances in model physics and their relevance to satellite data assimilation. Proceedings of the ECMWF Seminar of Satellite Data Assimilation. 2014. September 2014, Reading, UK, 14 pp.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Martinet P. , Fourrié N. , Guidard V. , Rabier F. , Montmerle T. , co-authors . Towards the use of microphysical variables for the assimilation of cloud-affected infrared radiances. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2013; 139: 1402–1416.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Masson V. , Le Moigne P. , Martin E. , Faroux S. , Alias A. , co-authors . The SURFEX v7.2 land and ocean surface platform for coupled or offline simulations of Earth surface variables and fluxes. Geoscientific Model Dev. 2013; 6: 929–960.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mlawer E. J. , Taubman S. J. , Brown P. , Iacono M. J. , Clough S. A . Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. J. Geophys. Res. 1997; 102: 16663–16682.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Montroty R. , Rabier F. , Westrelin S. , Faure G. , Viltard N . Impact of wind bogus and cloud- and rain-affected SSM/I data on tropical cyclones analysis and forecasts. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 2008; 134: 1673–1690.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Olson W. S. , Kummerow C. D. , Heymsfield G. M. , Giglio L . A method for combined passive-active microwave retrievals of cloud and precipitation profiles. J. Appl. Meteor. 1996; 35: 1763–1789.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Piriou J.-M. , Redelsperger J.-L. , Geleyn J.-F. , Lafore J.-P. , Guichard F . An approach for convective parameterization with memory: separating microphysics and transport in grid-scale equations. J. Atmos. Sci. 2007; 64: 4127–4139.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Qiu S. , Pellegrino P. , Ferraro R. , Zhao L . The improved AMSU rain-rate algorithm and its evaluation for a cool season event in the western United States. Weather Forecast. 2005; 20: 761–774.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Radnoti G. , Bauer P. , McNally A. , Cardinali C. , Healy S. , co-authors . ECMWF study on the impact of future developments of the space-based observing system on Numerical Weather Prediction. ECMWF Tech. Memo. No 638. 2010; 117. ECMWF, Reading, UK,.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Roca R., Brogniez H., Chambon P., Chomette O., Cloché S., co-authors. The Megha-Tropiques mission: a review after three years in orbit. Front Earth Sci. 2015; 3: 17. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2015.00017.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Saunders R. W. , Matricardi M. , Brunel P . An improved fast radiative model for assimilation of satellite radiance observations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 1999; 125: 1407–1425.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Seity Y. , Brousseau P. , Malardel S. , Hello G. , Bénard P. , co-authors . The AROME-France convective-scale operational model. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2011; 139: 976–991.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smith E. , Bauer P. , Marzano F. S. , Kummerow C. D. , McKague D. , co-authors . Intercomparison of microwave radiative transfer models for precipitating clouds. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 2002; 40: 541–549.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Smith R. B . Scheme for predicting layer clouds and their water content in a general circulation model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 1990; 116: 435–460.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Spencer R. W. , Goodman H. M. , Hood R. E . Precipitation retrieval over land and ocean with the SSM/I: identification and characteristics of the scattering signal. J. Atmos. Ocean Tech. 1989; 6: 254–273.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Staelin D. H. , Chen F. W . Precipitation observations near 54 and 183 GHz using the NOAA-15 satellite. IEEE Trans. Geos. Remote Sens. 2000; 38: 2322–2332.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wattrelot E. , Caumont O. , Mahfouf J.-F . Operational implementation of the 1D+3D-Var assimilation method for radar reflectivity in the AROME model. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2014; 142: 1852–1873.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v68.28620 | Journal eISSN: 3035-9554

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Page range: 28620 - 28620

Submitted on: May 22, 2015

Accepted on: Dec 8, 2015

Published on: Dec 1, 2016

Published by: Stockholm University Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

data assimilation,

microwave radiances,

tropical cyclones

© 2016 Jérémy Guerbette, Jean-François Mahfouf, Matthieu Plu, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 68 (2016): Issue 1