Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Exploring strategies for coupled 4D-Var data assimilation using an idealised atmosphere–ocean model Cover

Exploring strategies for coupled 4D-Var data assimilation using an idealised atmosphere–ocean model

Open Access
|Dec 2015

References

  1. Balmaseda M . Initialization techniques in seasonal forecasts . Proceedings of the ECMWF Seminar on Seasonal Prediction: Science and Applications . 2012 ; 217 236 . ECMWF, Reading, UK, 3–7 September 2012 .
  2. Balmaseda M. , Anderson D . Impact of initialization strategies and observations on seasonal forecast skill . Geophys. Res. Lett . 2009 ; 36 : L01701 .
  3. Bannister R. N . A review of forecast error covariance statistics in atmospheric variational data assimilation. I: characteristics and measurements of forecast error covariances . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 2008a ; 134 : 1955 1970 .
  4. Bannister R. N . A review of forecast error covariance statistics in atmospheric variational data assimilation. II: modelling the forecast error covariance statistics . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 2008b ; 134 : 1971 1996 .
  5. Beljaars A. C. M . The impact of some aspects of the boundary layer scheme in the ECMWF model . Proceedings of the ECMWF Seminar on Parametrization of Sub-grid Scale Physical Processes . 1995 ; 125 161 . ECMWF, Reading, UK, 5–9 September 1994 .
  6. Beljaars A. C. M. , Viterbo P , Holtslag A. A. M. , Duynkerke P. G . The role of the boundary layer in a numerical weather prediction model . Clear and Cloudy Boundary Layers . 1998 ; 287 304 . Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam .
  7. Brassington G. B. , Martin M. J. , Tolman H. L. , Akella S. , Balmeseda M. , co-authors . Progress and challenges in short- to medium-range coupled prediction . J. Oper. Oceanogr . 2015
  8. Courtier P . Dual formulation of four-dimensional variational assimilation . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 1997 ; 123 : 2449 2461 .
  9. Courtier P. , Thépaut J.-N. , Hollingsworth A . A strategy for operational implementation of 4D-Var, using an incremental approach . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 1994 ; 120 : 1367 1387 .
  10. Daley R . Atmospheric Data Analysis . 1991 ; Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press .
  11. Dee D. P. , Uppala S. M. , Simmons A. J. , Berrisford P. , Poli P. , co-authors . The ERA-interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 2011 ; 137 ( 656 ): 553 597 .
  12. ECMWF IFS documentation . European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts . Part III: Dynamics and Numerical Procedures . 2001–2013a . Online at: http://old.ecmwf.int/research/ifsdocs/ .
  13. ECMWF IFS documentation . European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts . Part IV: Physical Processes . 2001–2013b . Online at: http://old.ecmwf.int/research/ifsdocs/ .
  14. Fowler A. , Bannister R. , Eyre J . A new floating model level scheme for the assimilation of boundary layer top inversions: the univariate assimilation of temperature . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 2012 ; 138 : 682 698 .
  15. Gauthier P. , Charette C. , Fillion L. , Koclas P. , Laroche S . Implementation of a 3D variational data assimilation system at the Canadian Meteorological Centre. Part 1: the global analysis . Atmos. Ocean . 1999 ; 37 : 103 156 .
  16. Gauthier P. , Tanguay M. , Laroche S. , Pellerin S. , Morneau J . Extension of 3DVAR to 4DVAR: implementation of 4DVAR at the Meteorological Service of Canada . Mon. Weather Rev . 2007 ; 135 : 2339 2354 .
  17. Huang X.-Y. , Xiao Q. , Barker D. M. , Zhang X. , Michalakes J , co-authors . Four-dimensional variational data assimilation for WRF: formulation and preliminary results . Mon. Weather Rev . 2009 ; 137 : 299 314 .
  18. Janisková M. , Thépaut J.-N. , Geleyn J.-F . Simplified and regular physical parameterizations for incremental four-dimensional variational assimilation . Mon. Weather Rev . 1999 ; 127 : 26 45 .
  19. Keenlyside N. S. , Latif M. , Jungclaus J. , Kornblueh L. , Roeckner E . Advancing decadal-scale climate prediction in the North Atlantic sector . Nature . 2008 ; 453 : 84 88 .
  20. Laloyaux P. , Balmaseda M. , Dee D. , Mogensen K. , Janssen P . A coupled data assimilation system for climate reanalysis . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 2015 . DOI: 10.1002/qj.2629 .
  21. Laloyaux P. , Balmaseda M. , Mogensen K. , Janssen P. , Dee D . Soille P. , Marchetti P. G . The ECMWF coupled assimilation system . Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Big Data from Space (BiDS'14) . 2014 ; 16 19 . ESA-ESRIN, Frascati, Italy, 12–14 November 2014 DOI: 10.2788/1823 .
  22. Large W. G. , McWilliams J. C. , Doney S. C . Oceanic vertical mixing: a review and a model with non-local boundary layer parameterization . Rev. Geophys . 1994 ; 32 : 363 403 .
  23. Laroche S. , Tanguay M. , Delage Y . Linearization of a simplified planetary boundary layer parameterization . Mon. Weather Rev . 2002 ; 130 : 2074 2087 .
  24. Lawless A. S . International Workshop on Coupled Data Assimilation . 2012 . Final report. University of Reading, UK. Online at: http://www.esa-da.org/content/d1-report-international-workshop-coupled-data-assimilation .
  25. Lawless A. S . Cullen M. J. P. , Freitag M. A. , Kindermann S. , Scheichl R . Variational data assimilation for very large environmental problems . Radon Series on Computational and Applied Mathematics 13 . Large Scale Inverse Problems: Computational Methods and Applications in the Earth Sciences . 2013 ; 55 90 . De Gruyter .
  26. Lawless A. S. , Gratton S. , Nichols N. K . An investigation of incremental 4D-Var using non-tangent linear models . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 2005 ; 131 : 459 476 .
  27. Lawless A. S. , Nichols N. K . Inner loop stopping criteria for incremental four-dimensional variational data assimilation . Mon. Weather Rev . 2006 ; 134 : 3425 3435 .
  28. Lea D. J. , Mirouze I. , Martin M. J. , King R. R. , Hines A. , co-authors . Using a new coupled data assimilation system to assess the HadGEM3 coupled model . Mon. Weather Rev . 2015 . (in review) .
  29. Lellouche J.-M. , Le Galloudec O. , Drévillon M. , Régnier C. , Greiner E. , co-authors . Evaluation of global monitoring and forecasting systems at Mercator Océan . Ocean Sci . 2013 ; 9 : 57 81 .
  30. Louis J. F . A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in the atmosphere . Bound. Layer Meteorol . 1979 ; 17 : 187 202 .
  31. Louis J. F. , Tiedtke M. , Geleyn J. F . A short history of the operational PBL parameterization at ECMWF . ECMWF Workshop on Boundary Layer Parametrization . 1982 ; 59 80 . ECMWF, Reading, UK, 25–27 November 1982 .
  32. Mahfouf J.-F . Influence of physical processes on the tangent-linear approximation . Tellus A . 1999 ; 51 : 147 166 .
  33. Meehl G. A. , Goddard L. , Boer G. , Burgman R. , Branstator G. , co-authors . Decadal climate prediction: an update from the trenches . Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc . 2014 ; 95 : 243 267 .
  34. Murphy J. , Kattsov V. , Keenlyside N. , Kimoto M. , Meehl G. , co-authors . Towards prediction of decadal climate variability and change . Proc. Environ. Sci . 2010 ; 1 : 287 304 .
  35. Navon I. M. , Zou X. , Derber J. , Sela J . Variational data assimilation with an adiabatic version of the NMC spectral model . Mon. Weather Rev . 1992 ; 120 : 1433 1466 .
  36. Pierce D. W. , Barnett T. P. , Tokmakian R. , Semtner A. , Maltrud M. , co-authors . The ACPI project, element 1: initializing a coupled climate model from observed conditions . Clim. Change . 2004 ; 62 : 13 28 .
  37. Pohlmann H. , Jungclaus J. H. , Köhl A. , Stammer D. , Marotzke J . Initializing decadal climate predictions with the GECCO oceanic synthesis: effects on the North Atlantic . J. Clim . 2009 ; 22 : 3926 3938 .
  38. Rabier F. , Jarvinen H. , Klinker E. , Mahfouf J. F. , Simmons A . The ECMWF operational implementation of four-dimensional variational assimilation. I: experimental results with simplified physics . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 2000 ; 126 : 1143 1170 .
  39. Rawlins F. , Ballard S. P. , Bovis K. J. , Clayton A. M. , Li D , co-authors . The Met Office global four-dimensional variational data assimilation scheme . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 2007 ; 133 : 347 362 .
  40. Ritchie H. , Temperton C. , Simmons A. , Hortal M. , Davies T. , co-authors . Implementation of the Semi-Lagrangian method in a high-resolution version of the ECMWF forecast model . Mon. Weather Rev . 1995 ; 123 : 489 514 .
  41. Shanno D. F . On the convergence of a new conjugate gradient algorithm . SIAM J. Numer. Anal . 1978 ; 15 : 1247 1257 .
  42. Shanno D. F. , Phua K. H . Remark on algorithm 500 – a variable method subroutine for unconstrained nonlinear minimization . ACM Trans. Math. Software . 1980 ; 6 : 618 622 .
  43. Simmons A. J. , Burridge D. M . An energy and angular-momentum conserving vertical finite-difference scheme and hybrid vertical coordinates . Mon. Weather Rev . 1981 ; 109 : 758 766 .
  44. Stewart R. H . Introduction to Physical Oceanography . 2008 ; Texas A&M University : Department of Oceanography . Online at: http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/index.html .
  45. Sugiura N. , Awaji T. , Masuda S. , Mochizuki T. , Toyoda T. , co-authors . Development of a four-dimensional variational coupled data assimilation system for enhanced analysis and prediction of seasonal to interannual climate variations . J. Geophys. Res . 2008 ; 113 : C10017 .
  46. Takaya Y. , Vitart F. , Balsamo G. , Balmaseda M. , Leutbecher M. , co-authors . Implementation of an Ocean Mixed Layer Model in IFS . 2010 . Technical Memorandum No. 622, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, UK .
  47. Tardif R. , Hakim G. J. , Snyder C . Coupled atmosphere-ocean data assimilation experiments with a low-order climate model . Clim. Dyn . 2014 ; 43 : 1631 1643 .
  48. Thépaut J.-N. , Courtier P. , Belaud G. , Lemaître G . Dynamical structure functions in a four-dimensional variational assimilation: a case study . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 1996 ; 122 : 535 561 .
  49. Thépaut J.-N. , Hoffman R. N. , Courtier P . Interactions of dynamics and observations in a four-dimensional variational assimilation . Mon. Weather Rev . 1993 ; 121 : 3393 3414 .
  50. Viterbo P. , Beljaars A. , Mahfouf J.-F. , Teixeira J . The representation of soil moisture freezing and its impact on the stable boundary layer . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 1999 ; 125 : 2401 2426 .
  51. Weaver A. T. , Vialard J. , Anderson D. L. T . Three- and four-dimensional variational assimilation with a general circulation model of the tropical pacific ocean. Part I: formulation, internal diagnostics, and consistency checks . Mon. Weather Rev . 2003 ; 131 : 1360 1378 .
  52. Woolnough S. , Vitart F. , Balmaseda M. A . The role of the ocean in the Madden-Julian oscillation: implications for MJO prediction . Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc . 2007 ; 133 : 117 128 .
  53. Zhang S. , Harrison M. J. , Rosati A. , Wittenberg A . System design and evaluation of coupled ensemble data assimilation for global oceanic climate studies . Mon. Weather Rev . 2007 ; 135 : 3541 3564 .
Language: English
Page range: 27025 - 27025
Submitted on: Dec 17, 2014
Accepted on: Jun 9, 2015
Published on: Dec 1, 2015
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2015 Polly J. Smith, Alison M. Fowler, Amos S. Lawless, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.