Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Loss of sea ice during winter north of Svalbard Cover

Loss of sea ice during winter north of Svalbard

Open Access
|Dec 2014

References

  1. Aagaard K. , Foldvik A. , Hillman S. R . The West Spitsbergen Current: disposition and water mass transformation. J. Geophys. Res. 1987; 92: 37783784.
  2. Alexeev V. A. , Ivanov V. V. , Kwok R. , Smedsrud L. H . North Atlantic warming and declining volume of Arctic sea ice. The Cryosphere Discuss. 2013; 7: 245265.
  3. Årthun M. , Eldevik T. , Smedsrud L. H. , Skagseth Ø. , Ingvaldsen R. B . Quantifying the influence of Atlantic heat on Barents Sea ice variability and retreat. J. Climate. 2012; 25: 47364743.
  4. Beszczynska-Möller A. , Fahrbach E. , Schauer U. , Hansen E . Variability in Atlantic water temperature and transport at the entrance to the Arctic Ocean, 1997–2010. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 2012; 69: 852863.
  5. Cavalieri D. , Parkinson C. , Gloersen P. , Zwally H. J . Sea Ice Concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I Passive Microwave Data. 1996; Digital media, Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Online at: http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html .
  6. Cokelet E. , Tervalon N. , Bellingham J . Hydrography of the West Spitsbergen Current, Svalbard Branch: Autumn 2001. J. Geophys. Res. 2008; 113: C01006.
  7. Comiso J. C . Large decadal decline of the Arctic multiyear ice cover. J. Climate. 2012; 25: 11761193.
  8. Dee D. P. , Uppala S. M. , Simmons A. J. , Berrisford P. , Poli P. , co-authors . The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc. 2011; 137: 553597.
  9. Førland E. J. , Benestad R. E. , Flatøy F. , Hanssen-Bauer I. , Haugen J. E. , co-authors . Climate development in North Norway and the Svalbard region during 1900–2100. 2009; Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø: Technical Report .
  10. Førland E. J. , Benestad R. , Hanssen-Bauer I. , Haugen J. E. , Skaugen T. E . Temperature and precipitation development at Svalbard 1900–2100. Adv. Meteorol. 2011; 2011: 14.
  11. Grotefendt K. , Logemann K. , Quadfasel D. , Ronski S . Is the Arctic Ocean warming?. J. Geophys. Res. 1998; 103: 2767927687.
  12. Hansen E. , Gerland S. , Granskog M. A. , Pavlova O. , Renner A. H. H. , co-authors . Thinning of Arctic sea ice observed in Fram Strait: 1990–2011. J. Geophys. Res. 2013; 118: 52025221.
  13. Ivanov V. V. , Alexeev V. A. , Repina I. , Koldunov N. V. , Smirnov A . Tracing Atlantic Water signature in the Arctic sea ice cover east of Svalbard. Adv. Meteorol. 2012; 2012: 11.
  14. Lind S. , Ingvaldsen R. B . Variability and impacts of Atlantic water entering the Barents Sea from the north. Deep Sea Res. Part I. 2012; 62: 7088.
  15. NSIDC. A better year for the cryosphere. Beitler, J. 2013, October. Online at: http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2013/10/a-better-year-for-the-cryosphere/ .
  16. Piechura J. , Walczowski W . Warming of the West Spitsbergen Current and sea ice north of Svalbard. Oceanologia. 2009; 51: 147164.
  17. Polyakov I. V. , Pnyushkov A. V. , Timokhov L. A . Warming of the Intermediate Atlantic Water of the Arctic Ocean in the 2000s. J. Climate. 2012a; 25: 83628370.
  18. Polyakov I. V. , Walsh J. E. , Kwok R . Recent changes of Arctic multiyear sea ice coverage and the likely causes. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 2012b; 93: 145151.
  19. Quenouille M. H . Associated Measurements.
  20. Rainville L. , Winsor P . Mixing across the Arctic Ocean: microstructure observations during the Beringia 2005 expedition. Geophys. Res. 2008; 35: 2L08606.
  21. Rudels B . Constraints on exchanges in the Arctic Mediterranean – do they exist and can they be of use? . Tellus A. 2010; 62: 109122.
  22. Rudels B . Arctic Ocean circulation and variability – advection and external forcing encounter constraints and local processes. Ocean Sci. 2012; 8: 261286.
  23. Saloranta T. M. , Haugan P. M . Interannual variability in the hydrography of Atlantic water northwest of Svalbard. J. Geophys. Res. 2001; 106: 1393113943.
  24. Saloranta T. M. , Haugan P. M . Northward cooling and freshening of the warm core of the West Spitsbergen Current. Polar Res. 2004; 23: 7988.
  25. Sandø A. B. , Gao Y. , Langehaug H. R . Poleward ocean heat transports, sea ice processes, and Arctic sea ice variability in NorESM1-M simulations. J. Geophys. Res. 2014; 119: 20952108.
  26. Schauer U. , Beszczynska-Möller A . Problems with estimation and interpretation of oceanic heat transport – conceptual remarks for the case of Fram Strait in the Arctic Ocean. Ocean Sci. 2009; 5: 487494.
  27. Sirevaag A. , Fer I . Early spring oceanic heat fluxes and mixing observed from drift stations north of Svalbard. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 2009; 39: 30493069.
  28. Smedsrud L. H. , Esau I. , Ingvaldsen R. B. , Eldevik T. , Haugan P. M. , co-authors . The role of the Barents Sea in the Arctic climate system. Rev. Geophys. 2013; 51: 415449.
  29. Untersteiner N . On the ice and heat balance in Fram Strait. J. Geophys. Res. 1988; 93: 527531.
Language: English
Page range: 23933 - 23933
Submitted on: Jan 29, 2014
Accepted on: May 6, 2014
Published on: Dec 1, 2014
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2014 Ingrid H. Onarheim, Lars H. Smedsrud, Randi B. Ingvaldsen, Frank Nilsen, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.