Table 1
Party membership by nationality, 2017–2020.
| NONMILITANT | MEMBER | TOTAL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chilean‑born | 26,453,804 | 2,103,258 | 28,557,062 |
| 92.63 | 7.37 | 100.00 | |
| Foreign‑born | 640,013 | 5,932 | 645,945 |
| 99.08 | 0.92 | 100.00 | |
| Total | 27,093,817 | 2,109,190 | 29,203,007 |
| 92.78 | 7.22 | 100.00 |
[i] Source: Authors’ elaboration using SERVEL data.
Figure 1
Electoral turnout of Chilean‑born and foreign‑born individuals, 2012–2020.
Source: Authors’ elaboration using SERVEL data.
Figure 2
Militants and electoral turnout according to the ideological positioning of the parties (left, center, or right), 2017–2020.1
Source: Authors’ elaboration using SERVEL data.
Table 2
Determinants of party membership in Chilean and foreign‑born populations in 2017 and 2020.
| TOTAL | FOREIGN‑BORN | CHILEAN‑BORN | |
|---|---|---|---|
| H1: Gender (0 = Man/1 = Women) | −0.00805*** | 0.104*** | −0.00867*** |
| (0.000706) | (0.00980) | (0.000708) | |
| H2: Age | 0.0220*** | 0.00339** | 0.0220*** |
| (9.40e–05) | (0.00161) | (9.56e–05) | |
| H2: Age2 | −0.000152*** | −2.70e–05* | −0.000150*** |
| (8.95e–07) | (1.50e–05) | (8.95e–07) | |
| Zone of residence (0 = Rest of Chile/1 = Metropolitan Region) | 0.0315*** | −0.0825*** | 0.0322*** |
| (0.000721) | (0.00994) | (0.000723) | |
| Year (2017/2020) | −0.0719*** | −0.0338*** | −0.0721*** |
| (0.000236) | (0.00322) | (0.000237) | |
| Country of birth (0 = Chile/1 = Foreign) | −0.910*** | ||
| (0.00484) | |||
| Constant | 143.0*** | 65.69*** | 143.5*** |
| (0.477) | (6.495) | (0.478) | |
| Observations | 29,203,007 | 645,945 | 28,557,062 |
| Pseudo‑R: | 0.0192 | 0.00439 | 0.0154 |
| Log‑likelihood: | −7.428e + 06 | −33580 | −7.394e + 06 |
| Chi‑squared | 291520 | 296.4 | 231493 |
| Prob Wald: | 0 | 0 | 0 |
[i] Standard errors appear in parentheses.
[ii] *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1
[iii] Source: Authors’ elaboration using SERVEL data.
Table 3
Determinants of electoral turnout of Chileans and foreign‑born in 2017 and 2020.
| TOTAL | FOREIGN‑BORN | CHILEAN‑BORN | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (0 = Man/1 = Women) | 0.128*** | 0.0757*** | 0.129*** |
| (0.000470) | (0.00358) | (0.000474) | |
| Age | 0.0362*** | 0.0233*** | 0.0364*** |
| (6.49e – 05) | (0.000601) | (6.53e – 05) | |
| Age2 | −0.000362*** | −0.000210*** | −0.000365*** |
| (6.40e – 07) | (5.83e – 06) | (6.44e – 07) | |
| Zone of residence (0 = Rest of Chile/1 = Metropolitan Region) | 0.176*** | −0.0253*** | 0.180*** |
| (0.000482) | (0.00375) | (0.000486) | |
| Year (2017/2020) | 0.0404*** | 0.0217*** | 0.0406*** |
| (0.000157) | (0.00121) | (0.000158) | |
| H3: Militancy (0 = Nonmilitant/1 = Militant) | 0.361*** | ||
| (0.000920) | |||
| H4: Right (0 = Rest/1 = Right‑wing militant) | 0.974*** | 0.394*** | |
| (0.0337) | (0.00194) | ||
| H4: Center (0 = Rest/1 = Center‑wing militant) | 0.638*** | 0.472*** | |
| (0.0796) | (0.00257) | ||
| H4: Left (0 = Rest/1 = Left‑wing militant) | 0.528*** | 0.330*** | |
| (0.0196) | (0.00111) | ||
| Country of birth (0 = Chile/1 = Foreign) | −0.904*** | ||
| (0.00181) | |||
| Constant | −82.43*** | −45.21*** | −82.83*** |
| (0.316) | (2.443) | (0.319) | |
| Observations | 29,203,007 | 645,945 | 28,557,062 |
| Pseudo‑R: | 0.0251 | 0.00626 | 0.0199 |
| Log‑likelihood: | −1.970e + 07 | −322905 | −1.940e + 07 |
| Chi‑squared | 1.014e + 06 | 4066 | 785972 |
| Prob Wald: | 0 | 0 | 0 |
[i] Standard errors appear in parentheses.
[ii] *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1
[iii] Source: Authors’ elaboration using SERVEL data.
Figure 3
Predicted values of electoral turnout according to party membership, 2017–2020.
Source: Authors’ elaboration using SERVEL data.