Abstract
This study examines the psychosocial and gender-specific factors shaping criminal behaviour in Georgia, emphasising how social, cultural and economic conditions influence offending. The analysis draws on anomie theory, social learning theory and biosocial perspectives to explain how poverty, family instability, limited educational opportunities and inadequate social support increase vulnerability to criminal involvement. The findings reveal distinct gender differences in both motivations and behavioural patterns: women's offences are more often connected to traumatic experiences, coercion and exposure to violence, while men's criminal behaviour is more frequently associated with impulsivity, aggression and broader social acceptance of risk-taking. The research is based on literature review, semi-structured interviews and an analysis of national crime statistics, legal practices and rehabilitation programmes in Georgia. Overall, the study concludes that gender stereotypes significantly influence not only the pathways into crime but also legal responses and rehabilitation outcomes. The results highlight the need for gender-sensitive criminal justice policies and tailored support strategies.