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The Influence of Demographic and Economic Factors on the Widow’s Reverse Annuity Benefits in Coronavirus Pandemic Cover

The Influence of Demographic and Economic Factors on the Widow’s Reverse Annuity Benefits in Coronavirus Pandemic

Wroclaw Review of Law, Administration & Economics
Volume 14 (2024): Issue 2 (December 2024)
By: Agnieszka Marciniuk and  Beata Zmyślona  
Open Access
|Jan 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Life expectancy at birth in Poland in female and male populations (1960–2022)Source: authors’ elaboration based on GUS data
Life expectancy at birth in Poland in female and male populations (1960–2022)Source: authors’ elaboration based on GUS data

Figure 2:

Feminisation rate in Poland in 2021Source: authors’ elaboration based on GUS data
Feminisation rate in Poland in 2021Source: authors’ elaboration based on GUS data

Figure 3:

The death rate in Poland of senior populations (above 65 years old)Source: authors’ elaboration based on GUS data
The death rate in Poland of senior populations (above 65 years old)Source: authors’ elaboration based on GUS data

Figure 4:

The causes of death of populations in Poland (in percentages)Source: authors’ elaboration on the basis of GUS data
The causes of death of populations in Poland (in percentages)Source: authors’ elaboration on the basis of GUS data

Figure 5:

Covid mortality rate in the elderly population in 2020Source: authors’ elaboration based on GUS data
Covid mortality rate in the elderly population in 2020Source: authors’ elaboration based on GUS data

Figure 6:

Percentage of life duration in good health [%HLY]Source: authors’ elaboration based on GUS data
Percentage of life duration in good health [%HLY]Source: authors’ elaboration based on GUS data

Figure 7:

Reference interest rate and the 3m WIBOR in PolandSource: authors’ elaboration based on data received from https://uokik.gov.pl/stopa_referencyjna_i_archiwum.php and https://stooq.pl/q/d/?s=plopln3m
Reference interest rate and the 3m WIBOR in PolandSource: authors’ elaboration based on data received from https://uokik.gov.pl/stopa_referencyjna_i_archiwum.php and https://stooq.pl/q/d/?s=plopln3m

Figure 9:

Average price per square meter of propertySource: authors’ elaboration based on data received from https://stat.gov.pl/
Average price per square meter of propertySource: authors’ elaboration based on data received from https://stat.gov.pl/

Figure 10:

Price per square meter of property in some Polish citiesSource: authors’ elaboration based on offer price reports https://www.bankier.pl
Price per square meter of property in some Polish citiesSource: authors’ elaboration based on offer price reports https://www.bankier.pl

Figure 11:

Yearly benefits for women with changing Life Tables while other parameters stay the sameSource: authors’ elaboration made using authors’ programs written in Matlab
Yearly benefits for women with changing Life Tables while other parameters stay the sameSource: authors’ elaboration made using authors’ programs written in Matlab

Figure 12:

The relative differences in benefits compared to 2018Source: authors’ elaboration
The relative differences in benefits compared to 2018Source: authors’ elaboration

Figure 13:

Yearly benefits for women with changing Life Tables, 3m WIBOR, while other parameters stay the sameSource: authors’ elaboration made using authors’ programs written in Matlab
Yearly benefits for women with changing Life Tables, 3m WIBOR, while other parameters stay the sameSource: authors’ elaboration made using authors’ programs written in Matlab

Figure 14:

Yearly benefits for women with changing Life Tables, long term rate while other parameters stay the same.Source: authors’ elaboration made using authors’ programs written in Matlab
Yearly benefits for women with changing Life Tables, long term rate while other parameters stay the same.Source: authors’ elaboration made using authors’ programs written in Matlab

Figure 15:

Yearly benefits for women with all parameters changingSource: authors’ elaboration made using authors’ programs written in Matlab
Yearly benefits for women with all parameters changingSource: authors’ elaboration made using authors’ programs written in Matlab

Figure 8.

Long term interest rate from ECB.Source: author’s elaboration based on data received from https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/financial_markets_and_interest_rates/euro_area_yield_curves/html/index.en.html
Long term interest rate from ECB.Source: author’s elaboration based on data received from https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/financial_markets_and_interest_rates/euro_area_yield_curves/html/index.en.html
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/wrlae-2024-0005 | Journal eISSN: 2084-1264
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Language: English
Page range: 17 - 36
Published on: Jan 18, 2025
Published by: University of Wroclaw, Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year
Keywords:
reverse annuity contract,
Covid mortality rate,
interest rate,
widow,
elderly population,
benefits,
inequalities in health and social care
Related subjects:
Law,
Public law,
Public law, other

© 2025 Agnieszka Marciniuk, Beata Zmyślona, published by University of Wroclaw, Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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