References
- Bäckström, M., Karlsson, S., Bäckman, L., Folkeson, L., & Lind, B. (2004). Mobilization of heavy metals by deicing salts in a roadside environment. Water Research, 38, 720-732. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2003.11.006.10.1016/j.watres.2003.11.006
- Baize, D., & Sterckeman, T. (2001). Of the necessity of knowledge of the natural pedo-geochemical background content in the evaluation of the contamination of soils by trace elements. Science of the Total Environment, 264, 127-139. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00615-X.10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00615-X
- Barth, S. (1998). Application of boron isotopes for tracing sources of anthropogenic contamination in groundwater. Water Resources, 32(3), 685-690. DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00251-0.10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00251-0
- Bates, R. L., & Jackson, J. A. (Eds.) (1984). Dictionary of Geological Terms. New York: Anchor Books. A Division of Random House, Inc.
- Carlon, C. (Ed.) (2007). Derivation methods of soil screening values in Europe. A review and evaluation of national procedures towards harmonization. European Commission. Ispra. Joint Research Centre.
- Church, S. E. (1993). Geochemical and lead-isotope data from stream and lake sediments, and cores from the upper Arkansas River drainage: Effects of mining at Leadville Colorado on heavy-metal concentration in the Arkansas River. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Report 93-534.10.3133/ofr93534
- Church, S. E., Alpers, C. N., Vaughn, R. B., Briggs, P. H., & Slotton, D. G. (1999). Use of Lead Isotopes as Natural Tracers of Metal Contamination. In G. S. Plumlee & M. J. Logsdon (Eds.). The Environmental Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits, Part A. Processes, Techniques, and Health Issues. Reviews in Economical Geology 6A. (pp. 567-583). Littleton, CO: Society of Economic Geologists.
- Clarke, F. W. (1889). The relative abundance of the chemical elements. Bulletin of the Philosophical Society of Washington, XI, 131-142.
- Crommentuijn, T., Sijm, D., De Bruijn, J., van den Hoop, M., van Leeuwen, K., & van de Plassche, E. (2000). Maximum permissible and negligible concentrations for metals and metalloids in the Netherlands, taking into account background concentrations. Journal of Environmental Management, 60, 121-143. DOI: 10.1006/jema.2000.0354.10.1006/jema.2000.0354
- Galán, E., González, I., & Fernández-Caliani, J. C. (2002). Residual pollution load of soils impacted by the Aznalcóllar (Spain) mining spill after clean-up operations. The Science of the Total Environment, 286(1-3), 167-179. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00974-3.10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00974-3
- Gałuszka, A. (2006). Methods of determining geochemical background in environmental studies. Problems of Landscape Ecology, XVI/1, 507-519. (in Polish with English summary).
- Gałuszka, A. (2007a). A review of geochemical background concepts and an example using data from Poland. Environmental Geology, 52, 861-870. DOI: 10.1007/s00254-006-0528-2.10.1007/s00254-006-0528-2
- Gałuszka, A. (2007b). Different approaches in using and understanding the term "geochemical background" - practical implications for environmental studies. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 16(3), 389-395.
- Górka, M., Jędrysek, M. O., & Strąpoć, D. (2008). Isotopic composition of sulphates from meteoric precipitation as an indicator of pollutant origin in Wrocław (SW Poland). Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, 44, 177-188. DOI: 10.1080/10256010802066307.10.1080/10256010802066307
- Grobéty, B., Gieré, R., Dietze, V., Stille, P. (2010). Airborne particles in the urban environment. Elements, 6(4), 229-234. DOI: 10.2113/gselements.6.4.229.10.2113/gselements.6.4.229
- Håkanson, L. (1980). Ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control. A sedimentological approach. Water Research, 14, 975-1001.10.1016/0043-1354(80)90143-8
- Hawkes, H. E, & Webb, J. E. (1962). Geochemistry in mineral exploration. New York: Harper.
- Horckmans, L., Swennen, R., Deckers, J., & Maquil, R. (2005). Local background concentrations of trace elements in soils: a case study in the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg. Catena, 59, 279-304. DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2004.09.004.10.1016/j.catena.2004.09.004
- Izbicki, J. A., Ball, J. W., Bullen, T. D., & Sutley, S. J. (2008). Chromium, chromium isotopes and selected trace elements, western Mojave Desert, USA. Applied Geochemistry, 23, 1325-1352. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.11.015.10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.11.015
- Jaakkola, T., Heinonen, O. J., Keinonen, M., Salmi, A., & Miettinen, J. K. (1983). Use of 206Pb/204Pb isotope ratio in lichens, air filter, incinerator ash and gasoline samples as pollution source indicator. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Physics, 48, 347-350. DOI: 10.1016/0020-7381(83)87099-5.10.1016/0020-7381(83)87099-5
- Kelley, K. D., & Taylor, C. D. (1997). Environmental geochemistry of shale-hosted Ag-Pb-Zn massive sulfide deposits in northwest Alaska: natural background concentrations of metals in water from mineralized areas. Applied Geochemistry, 12, 397-409. DOI: 10.1016/S0883-2927(97)00009-7.10.1016/S0883-2927(97)00009-7
- Krouse, H. R., & Grinenko, V. A. (Eds.) (1991). Stable Isotopes: Natural and Anthropogenic Sulphur in the Environment. New York, …, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons.
- Lima, A. (2008). Evaluation of geochemical background at regional and local scales by fractal filtering technique: Case studies in selected Italian areas. In B. De Vivo, H. E. Belkin & A. Lima (Eds.) Environmental Geochemistry. Site characterization, Data Analysis and Case Histories. (pp. 135-152). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
- Loska, K., Wiechuła, D., & Korus, I. (2004). Metal contamination of farming soils affected by industry. Environment International, 30, 159-165. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00157-0.10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00157-0
- Manecki, A. (1976). Aeromineralogy - Mineralogy of Atmospheric Dust. Mineralogia Polonica, 7, 91-97.
- Martínez, J., Llamas, J., de Miguel, E., Rey, J., & Hidalgo, M. C. (2007). Determination of the geochemical background in a metal mining site: example of the mining district of Linares (South Spain). Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 94, 19-29. DOI: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2007.05.001.10.1016/j.gexplo.2007.05.001
- Matschullat, J., Ottenstein, R., & Reimann, C. (2000). Geochemical background - can we calculate it? Environmental Geology, 39, 990-1000. DOI: 0.1007/s002549900084.
- Mudge, S. M. (2008). Environmental forensics and the importance of source identification. In: R. E. Hester & R. M. Harrison. (Eds.) Environmental Forensics (pp. 1-16). Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Müller, G. (1969). Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River. Geojournal, 2, 108-118.
- Norrström, A. C. (2005). Metal mobility by de-icing salt from an infiltration trench for highway runoff. Applied Geochemistry, 20, 1907-1919. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.06.002.10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.06.002
- Petelet-Giraud, E., Klaver, G., & Negrel, P. (2009). Natural versus anthropogenic sources in the surface- and groundwater dissolved load of the Dommel river (Meuse basin): Constraints by boron and strontium isotopes and gadolinium anomaly. Journal of Hydrology, 369, 336-349. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.029.10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.029
- Philp, R. P. (2007). The emergence of stable isotopes in environmental and forensic geochemistry studies: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 5, 57-66. DOI: 10.1007/s10311-006-0081-y.10.1007/s10311-006-0081-y
- Portier, K. M. (2001). Statistical issues in assessing anthropogenic background for arsenic. Environmental Forensics, 2, 155-160. DOI: 10.1006/enfo.2001.0051.10.1006/enfo.2001.0051
- Reimann, C., & de Caritat, P. (2005). Distinguishing between natural and anthropogenic sources of element in the environment: regional geochemical surveys versus enrichment factors. Science of the Total Environment, 337, 91-107. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.06.011.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.06.011
- Reimann, C., Filzmoser, P., & Garret, R. G. (2005). Background and threshold: critical comparison of methods of determination. Science of the Total Environment, 346, 1-16. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.11.023.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.11.023
- Reimann, C., & Garret, R. G. (2005). Geochemical background - concept and reality. Science of the Total Environment, 350, 12-27. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.01.047.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.01.047
- Rudnick, R.L. & Gao, S. (2003). The Composition of the Continental Crust. In: H. D. Holland & K. K. Turekian. (Eds.) Treatise on Geochemistry. Vol. 3 (pp. 1-64). Oxford: Elsevier-Pergamon.
- Selinus, O. S., & Esbensen, K. (1995). Separating anthropogenic from natural anomalies in environmental geochemistry. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 55, 55-66. DOI: 10.1016/0375-6742(95)00034-8.10.1016/0375-6742(95)00034-8
- Shazili, N. A. M., Kamaruzzaman, B. Y., Antonina, N. A., Zauyah, S., Bidai, J., Shamsudin, A. A., & Kamil, A. R. (2007). Interpretation of anthropogenic input of metals in the South China Sea bottom sediments of Terengganu (Malaysia) coastline using Al as a reference element. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 10(1), 47-56. DOI: 10.1080/14634980701201681.10.1080/14634980701201681
- Silva, S. R., Ging, P. B., Lee, R. W., Ebbert, J. C., Tesoriero, A. J., & Inkpen E. L. (2002). Forensic applications of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate in an urban environment. Environmental Forensics, 3, 125-130. DOI: 10.1006/enfo.2002.0086.10.1006/enfo.2002.0086
- Slater, G. F. (2003). Stable isotope forensics - when isotopes work. Environmental Forensics, 4, 13-23. DOI: 10.1080/15275920303485.10.1080/15275920303485
- The regulation of the minister of the environment on the soil quality standards. (2002). Journal of the Acts (Dziennik Ustaw) of September 9, No. 165, item 1359.
- Tomlinson, D. L., Wilson, J. G. Harris C. R. & Jeffrey D. W. (1980). Problems in the assessments of heavy metal levels in estuaries and formation of a pollution index. Helgol Meeresunters, 33, 566-575.10.1007/BF02414780
- Turekian, K. K. & Wedepohl, K. H. (1961). Distribution of the elements in some major units of the earth's crust. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 72, 175-191.10.1130/0016-7606(1961)72[175:DOTEIS]2.0.CO;2
- Zalasiewicz, J., Williams, M., Steffen, W., & Crutzen, P. (2010). The New World of the Anthropocene. Environmental Science & Technology, 44(7), 2228-2231. DOI: 10.1021/es903118j.10.1021/es903118j
- Zillioux, E. J., (2001). Arsenic background definition: introduction and objectives. Environmental Forensics, 2, 115-116. DOI: 10.1006/enfo.2001.0045.10.1006/enfo.2001.0045