Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Thermal alterations of organic matter in coal wastes from Upper Silesia, Poland Cover

Thermal alterations of organic matter in coal wastes from Upper Silesia, Poland

Open Access
|Dec 2010

References

  1. Allan, J., & Douglas, A.G. (1977). Variations in the content and distribution of-alkanes in a series of carboniferous vitrinites and sporinites of bituminous rank., 41(9), 1223-1230. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(77)90068-0.
  2. Alonso, M.I., Valdés, A.F., Martínez-Tarazona, R.M., & Garcia, A.B. (2002). Coal recovery from fines cleaning wastes by agglomeration with colza oil: a contribution to the environment and energy preservation., 75(2), 85-95. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-3820(01)00233-8.
  3. Amijaya, H., Schwarzbauer, J., & Littke, R. (2006). Organic geochemistry of the Lower Suban coal seam, South Sumatra Basin, Indonesia: Paleoecological and thermal metamorphism implications., 37(3), 261-279. DOI: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.10.012
  4. Barosz, S. (2002). Monitoring of the dismantling and reclamation of the coal waste dumps. Proceedings - VII Conference "Long term proecological undertakings in the Rybnik Coal Area", October 2002 (pp. 149-156). Rybnik, (in Polish).
  5. Barosz, S. (2003).. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Academy of Mining and Metallurgy, Cracow, Poland (in Polish).
  6. Beamish, B.B., Barakat, M.A., & George, J.D. St. (2001). Spontaneous-combustion propensity of New Zealand coals under adiabatic conditions., 45(2-3), 217-224. DOI: 10.1016/S0166-5162(00)00034-3.
  7. Beamish, B.B. (2005). Comparison of the Rself-heating rate of New Zealand and Australian coals to Suggate rank parameter., 64(1-2), 139-144. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2005.03.012.
  8. Bend, S.L., & Kosloski, D.M. (1993). A petrographic examination of coal oxidation., 24(1-4), 233-243. DOI: 10.1016/0166-5162(93)90012-Y.
  9. Berkowitz, N. (1985).. Amsterdam-Oxford-New York-Tokyo: Elsevier.
  10. Bishop, A.N., & Abbott, G.D. (1993). The interrelationship of biological maker maturity parameters and molecular yields during contact metamorphism., 57(15), 3661-3668. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90147-O.
  11. Bishop, A.N., & Abbott, G.D. (1995). Vitrinite reflectance and molecular geochemistry of Jurassic sediments: the influence of heating by Tertiary dykes (northwest Scotland)., 22(1), 165-177. DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(95)90015-2.
  12. Bojakowska, I., & Sokołowska, G. (2001). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in hard coals from Poland., 45(1), 87-92.
  13. Bray, E.E., & Evans, E.D. (1961). Distribution of-parafins as a clue to recognition of source beds., 22(1), 2-15. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(61)90069-2.
  14. Brooks, K., Svanas, N., & Glasser, D. (1988). Evaluating the risk of spontaneous combustion in coal stockpiles., 67(5), 651-656. DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(88)90293-1.
  15. Calemma, V., Del Piero, G., Rausa, R., & Girardi, E. (1995). Changes in optical properties of coals during air oxidation at moderate temperature., 74(3), 383-388. DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(95)93471-O.
  16. Carras, J.N., Day, S.J., Saghafi, A., & Williams, D.J. (2009). Greenhouse gases emissions from low-temperature oxidation and spontaneous combustion at open-cut coal mines in Australia., 78(2), 161-168. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2008.12.001.
  17. Chandra, D. (1962). Reflectivity and microstructure of weathered coals., 41, 185-193.
  18. Chemical Land 21.. Retrieved May 10, 2011, from
  19. Clayton, J.L., & Bostick, N.H. (1986). Temperature effects on kerogen and on molecular and isotropic composition of organic matter in Pierre Shale near an igneous dyke., 10(1-3), 135-143. DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(86)90017-3.
  20. Clemens, A.H., & Matheson, T.W. (1996). The role of moisture in the self - heating of low - rank coals., 75(7), 891-895. DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(96)00010-5.
  21. Clemens, A.H., Matheson, T.W., & Rogers, D.E. (1991). Low temperature oxidation studies of dried New Zealand coals., 70(2), 215-221. DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(91)90155-4.
  22. Cooper, J.R., Crelling, J.C., Rimmer, S.M., & Whittington, A.G. (2007). Coal metamorphism by igneous intrusion in the Raton Basin, CO and NM: Implications for generation of volatiles., 71(1), 15-27. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2006.05.007.
  23. Cygankiewicz, J. (1996). Estimation of the development of self-ignition centers on the basis of the precise analysis of coal mine air samples., Katowice, 14, 505-530 (in Polish).
  24. Ćmiel, S., & Misz, M. (2005). Petrographic changes in coal caused by coal wastes fires. Proceedings - LXXVI Meeting of Polish Geological Society, 14-16 September, 2005 (pp. 43-50). Rudy near Rybnik. Polish Geological Institute, Polish Geological Society (Warsaw), (in Polish).
  25. Didyk, B.M., Simoneit, B.R.T., Brassel, S.C., & Eglinton, G. (1978). Organic geochemical indicators of paleoenvironment conditions of sedimentation., 272, 216-222. DOI: 10.1038/272216a0.
  26. Dzou, L.I.P., Noble, R.A., & Senftle, J.T. (1995). Maturation effects on absolute biomarker concentration in a suite of coals and associated vitrinite concentrates., 23(7), 681-697. DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(95)00035-D.
  27. Evans, K.A., Gandy, C.J., & Banwart, S.A. (2003). Mineralogical, numerical and analytical studies of the coupled oxidation of pyrite and coal., 67(2), 381-398. DOI: 10.1180/0026461036720107
  28. Fabiańska, M. (2007). Organic geochemistry of brown coals from the selected Polish basins. Katowice: Publisher of University of Silesia (in Polish).
  29. Fabbri, D., Torri, C., Simoneit, B.R.T., Marynowski, L., Rushdi, A.I., Fabiańska, M.J. (2009). Levoglucosan and other cellulose and lignin markers in emissions from burning of Miocene lignites., 43(14), 2286-2295. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.01.030.
  30. Faksenss, L.G., & Brandvik, P.J. (2008). Distribution of water soluble components from Arctic marine oil spills - A combined laboratory and field study., 54(2), 97-105. DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2008.03.005.
  31. Farrimond, P., Bevan, J.C., & Bishop, A.N. (1996). Hopanoid hydrocarbon maturation by an igneous intrusion., 25(3-4), 149-164. DOI: 10.1016/S0146-6380(96)00128-3.
  32. Farrimond, P., Taylor, A., & Telenæs, N. (1998). Biomarker maturity parameters: the role of generation and thermal degradation., 29(5-7), 1181-1197. DOI: 10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00079-5.
  33. Finkelman, R.B. (2004). Potential health impacts of burning coal beds and waste banks., 59(1-2), 19-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2003.11.002.
  34. George, S.C. (1992). Effect of igneous intrusion on the organic geochemistry of a siltstone and an oil shale horizon in the Midland Valley of Scotland., 18(5), 705-723. DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(92)90097-H.
  35. Goodarzi, F. & Murchison, D.G. (1978). Influence of heating-rate on the anisotropy of carbonized vitrinites., 57(5), 273-284. DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(78)90004-2.
  36. Goossens, H., Due, A., de Leeuw, J.W., van de Graaf, B., & Schenck, P.A. (1988a). The Pristane Formation Index, a new molecular maturity parameter. A simple method to assess maturity by pyrolysis/evaporation-gas chromatography of unextracted samples., 52(5), 1189-1193. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(88)90272-4.
  37. Goossens, H., de Lange, F., de Leeuw, J.W., & Schenck, P.A. (1988b). The Pristane Formation Index, a molecular maturity parameter. Confirmation in samples from the Paris Basin., 52(10), 2439-2444. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(88)90301-8.
  38. Grantham, P.J. (1986). Sterane isomerisation and moretane/hopane ratios in crude oils derived from Tertiary source rocks., 9(6), 293-304. DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(86)90110-5.
  39. Grice, K., Lu, H., Atahan, P., Asif, M., Hallmann, C., Greenwood, P., Maslen, E., Tulipani, S., Williford, K., & Dodson, J. (2009). New insights into the origin of perylene in geological samples., 73(21), 6531-6543. DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.029.
  40. Grossman, S.L., Davidi, S., & Cohen, H. (1994). Emission of toxic and fire hazardous gases from open air coal stockpiles., 73(7), 1184-1188. DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(94)90257-7.
  41. Hadden, R., & Rein, G. (2009). Ignition and suppression of smouldering coal fires in small-scale experiments. 6Mediterranean Combustion Symposium, June 7-11, 2009. Ajaccio, Corsica, France. Retrieved May 10, 2011 (
  42. Hadibarata, T. (2009). Oxidative degradation of benzo[a]pyrene by the ligninolytic fungi. In Y. Obayashi, T. Isobe, A. Subramanian, S. Suzuki, & S. Tanabe, (Eds.)(pp. 309-316). Tokyo: TERRAPUB.
  43. Hanak, B., & Nowak, G. (2008). Thermally altered coals in self-combusted mine dump from Upper Silesia coal basin. Proceedings from International Conference on Coal and Organic Petrology ICCP-TSOP Joint Meeting, September 21-27, 2008 (p. 105). Oviedo, Spain.
  44. Hatcher, P.G., & Clifford, D.J. (1997). The organic geochemistry of coal: from plant materials to coal., 27(5-6), 251-274. DOI: 10.1016/S0146-6380(97)00051-X.
  45. Horsfield, B. (1989). Practical criteria for classifying kerogens: Some observations from pyrolysis-gas chromatography., 53(4), 891-901. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(89)90033-1.
  46. Hower, J.C., Henke, K., O'Keefe, J.M.K., Engle, M.A., Blake, D.R., & Stracher, G.B. (2009). The Tiptop coalmine fire, Kentucky: Preliminary investigation of the measurement of mercury and other hazardous gases from coal-fire gas vents., 80(1), 63-67. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2009.08.005.
  47. Huizinga, B.J., Tannenbaum, E., & Kaplan, I.R. (1987). The role of minerals in the thermal alteration of organic matter. IV. Generation of-alkanes, acyclic isoprenoids, and alkenes in laboratory experiments., 51(5), 1083-1097. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(87)90202-X.
  48. Ingram, G.R., & Rimstidt, J.D. (1984). Natural weathering of coal., 63(3), 292-296. DOI: 10.1016/0016- 2361(84)90002-4.
  49. International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (2001). New inertinite classification (ICCP system 1994)., 80(4), 459-471. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00102-2.
  50. International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (1998). New vitrinite classification (ICCP system 1994)., 77(5), 349-358. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-2361(98)80024-0.
  51. Ishiwatari, R., & Fukushima, K. (1979). Generation of unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons by thermal alteration of of young kerogen., 43(8), 1343-1349. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(79)90124-8.
  52. Itay, M., Hill, C.R. & Glasser, D. (1989). A study of the low temperature oxidation of coal., 21(2), 81-97. DOI: 10.1016/0378-3820(89)90063-5.
  53. Jiamo, F., Guoing, S., Jiayou, X., Eglington, G., Gowar, A.P., Ronfeng, J., Shanfa, F., & Pingan, P. (1990). Application of biological markers in the assessment of paleoenvironments of Chinese non-marine sediments., 16(4-6), 769-779. DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(90)90116-H.
  54. Jiang, C., Alexander, R., Kagi, R. I. & Murray, A.P. (1998). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ancient sediments and their relationship to paleoclimate., 29(5-7), 1721-1735. DOI: 10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00083-7.
  55. Jones, J.C. (2000). On the role of times to ignition in the thermal safety of transportation of bituminous coals., 79(12), 1561-1562. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00003-X.
  56. Kaymakçi, E., & Didari, V. (2002). Relations between coal properties and spontaneous combustion parameters., 26(1), 59-64.
  57. Killops, S., & Killops, V. (2005).(2 ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
  58. Kotarba, M.J., & Clayton, J.L. (2003): A stable carbon isotope and biological marker study of Polish bituminous coals and carbonaceous shales., 55(2-4), 73-94. DOI: 10.1016/S0166-5162(03)00082-X.
  59. Van Krevelen, D.W. (1993).. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  60. Krishnaswamy S., Bhat S., Gunn R.D., & Agarwal P.K. (1996a). Low - temperature oxidation of coal. 1. Single - particle reaction - diffusion model., 75(3), 333-343. DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(95)00180-8.
  61. Krishnaswamy, S., Agarwal, P.K., & Gunn, R.D. (1996b). Low - temperature oxidation of coal. 3. Modelling spontaneous combustion in coal stockpiles., 75(3), 353-362. DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(95)00249-9.
  62. Kuenzer, C., Zhang, J., Tetzlaff, A., van Dijk, P., Voigt, S., Mehl, H., & Wagner, W. (2007). Uncontrolled coal fires and their environmental impact: Investigating two arid mining regions in north-central China., 27(1), 42-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2006.09.007.
  63. Kwiecińska, B., & Petersen, H.I. (2004). Graphite, semi-graphite, natural coke, and natural char classification - ICCP System., 57(2), 99-116. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2003.09.003.
  64. Kwiecińska, B., Muszyński, M., Vleeskens, J., & Hamburg, G. (1995). Natural coke from the La Rasa Mine, Tineo, Spain., 26(2), 3-14.
  65. Kyin, B., Maung, A.T., Begum, B., Haque, M., Hemalika, S., & Sudrajat, T. (2009). Remediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons polluted soils using Fenton's reagent., V(N), 63-68.
  66. Liu, Ch., Li, S., Qiao, Q., Wang, J., & Pan, Z. (1998). Management of spontaneous combustion in coal mine waste tips in China., 103(1-4), 441-444. DOI: 10.1023/A:1004922620264.
  67. Liu, L., & Zhou, F. (2010). A comprehensive hazard evaluation system for spontaneous combustion of coal in underground mining., 82(1-2), 27-36. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2010.01.014.
  68. Leif, R.N., & Simoneit, B.R.T. (2000). The role of alkenes produced during hydrous pyrolysis of a shale., 31(11), 1189-1208. DOI: 10.1016/S0146-6380(00)00113-3.
  69. Lewan, M.D. (1992). Water as a source of hydrogen and oxygen in petroleum formation by hydrous pyrolysis. American Chemical Society, Division of Fuel Chemistry Preprints 37(4), 1643-1649.
  70. Lewan, M.D. (1997). Experiments on the role of water in petroleum formation., 61(17), 3691-3723. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00176-2.
  71. Leythaeuser, D., & Schwarzkopf, Th. (1986). The pristane/n-heptadecane ratio as an indicator for recognition of hydrocarbon migration effects., 10(1-3), 191-197. DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(86)90022-7.
  72. Lu, P., Liao, G.X., Sun, J.H., & Li, P.D. (2004). Experimental research on index gas of the coal spontaneous at low-temperature stage., 17(3), 243-247. DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2004.03.002.
  73. Lu, S.-T., & Kaplan, I.R. (1992). Diterpanes, triterpanes, steranes, and aromatic hydrocarbons in natural bitumens and pyrolysates from different humic coals., 56(7), 2761-2788. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90358-P.
  74. Machnikowska, H., Łuczak, A., & Kubacki, A. (2003). Effect of oxidation method on properties and structure of coals and lithotypes., 157-164 (in Polish).
  75. Mastalerz M., & Mastalerz K. (2000). Volcanic and post-volcanic hydrothermal activity in the Intrasudetic Basin, SW Poland: implications for mineralization. In: M. Glickson & M. Mastalerz (eds.),(pp. 185-203). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  76. Mastalerz, M., Drobniak, A., & Schimmelmann, A. (2009). Changes in optical properties, chemistry and micropore and mesophase characteristics of bituminous coal at the contact with dikes in the Illinois Basin. International, 77(3-4), 310-319. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2008.05.014.
  77. Mastalerz, M., Drobniak, A., Hower, J.C., & O'Keefe, J.M.K., (2010). Spontaneous combustion and coal petrology. In: G.B. Stracher, E.V. Sokol, & A. Prakash (Eds),(pp. 47-62). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  78. Meyers, P.A., & Simoneit, B.R.T. (1999). Effects of extreme heating on the elemental and isotopic compositions of an upper cretaceous coal., 30(5), 299-305. DOI: 10.1016/S0146-6380(99)00015-7.
  79. Miczajka, M. (2008). Information from the Chwałowice Coal Mine staff. Unpublished.
  80. Misra, B.K., & Singh, B.D. (1994). Susceptibility to spontaneous combustion of Indian coals and lignites: an organic petrography authopsy., 25(3-4), 265-286. DOI: 10.1016/0166-5162(94)90019-1.
  81. Misz, M., Fabiańska, M., & Ćmiel, S. (2007). Organic components in thermally altered coal waste: Preliminary petrographic and geochemical investigations., 71(4), 405-424. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2006.08.009.
  82. Misz-Kennan, M., Kus, J., Flores, D., Avila, C., Christanis, K., Hower, J., Kalaitzidis, S., O'Keefe, J., Marques, M., Pusz, S., Ribeiro, J., Suárez-Ruiz, I., Sýkorová, I., Wagner, N., & Životić, D. (2009). Report of the 2009 Round Robin Exercise of the Self-heating of Coal and Coal Wastes Working Group., 48, 58-60.
  83. Misz-Kennan, M., & Fabiańska, M. (2010). Thermal transformation of organic matter in coal waste from Rymer Cones (Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland)., 81(4), 343-358. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2009.08.009.
  84. Misz-Kennan, M., & Tabor, A. (2011). The thermal history of selected coal waste dumps in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland). In G.B. Stracher, E.V. Sokol & A. Prakash (Eds.),Amsterdam: Elsevier, Scheduled for publication in 2011 (or early 2012).
  85. Misz-Kennan, M., Gardocki, M., & Tabor, A. (2011a). Fire Prevention in Coal Waste Dumps as Exemplified by the Rymer Cones Dump (Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland). In G.B. Stracher, E.V. Sokol & A. Prakash (Eds.),Amsterdam: Elsevier, Scheduled for publication in 2011 (or early 2012).
  86. Misz-Kennan, M., Fabiańska, M., & Ciesielczuk, J. (2011b). Thermal transformations of the waste rocks at the Starzykowiec coal waste dump, Poland. In G.B. Stracher, E.V. Sokol & A. Prakash (Eds.),Amsterdam: Elsevier, Scheduled for publication in 2011 (or early 2012).
  87. Moghtaderi, B., Dlugogorski, B.Z., & Kennedy, E.M. (2000). Effect of wind flow on the self-heating characteristics of coal stockpiles., 78(6), 445-453. DOI: 10.1205/095758200530998.
  88. Murchison, D. (2006). The influence of heating rates on organic matter in laboratory and natural environments., 67(3), 145-157. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2005.11.005
  89. Ndaji, F.E., & Thomas, K.M. (1995). The effect of oxidation on the macromolecular structure of coals., 74(6), 932-937. DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(95)00019-2.
  90. Nelson, C.R. (1989)., Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo: Elsevier.
  91. Norgate C.M., Boreham C.J., & Wilkins A.J. (1999): Changes in hydrocarbon maturity indices with coal rank and type, Biller Coalfield, New Zealand., 30(8), 985-1010. DOI: 10.1016/S0146-6380(99)00082-0.
  92. O'Keefe, J.M.K., Hanke, K.H., Hower, J.C., Engle, M.A., Stracher, G.B., Stucker, J.D., Drew, J.W., Staggs, W.D., Murray, T.M., Hammond III, M.L., Adkin, K.D., Mullins, B.J., & Lemley, E.W. (2010). CO, CO, and Hg emissions from the Truman Shepherd and Ruth Mullins coal fires, eastern Kentucky, USA., 408(7), 1628-1633. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.12.005.
  93. Oros, D.R. & Simoneit, B.R.T. (2000). Identification and emission rates of molecular tracers in coal smoke particulate matter., 79(5), 515-536. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-2361(99)00153-2.
  94. Ourisson, G., Albrecht, P., & Rohmer, M. (1979). The hopanoids. Paleochemistry of a group of natural products., 51(4), 709-729.
  95. Pan, C., Geng, A., Zhong, N., Liu, J., & Yu, L. (2009). Kerogen pyrolysis in the presence and absence of water and minerals: Amounts and compositions of bitumen and liquid hydrocarbons., 88(5), 909-919. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.11.024.
  96. Pan, C., Geng, A., Zhong, N., & Liu, J. (2010). Kerogen pyrolysis in the presence and absence of water and minerals: Steranes and triterpenoids., 89(2), 336-345. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.06.032.
  97. Pancost, R.D., Baas, M., van Geel, B., & Sinninghe Damste, J.S. (2002). Biomarkers proxies for plant inputs to peats: an example from a sub-boreal ombrotrophic bog., 33(7), 675-690. DOI: 10.1016/S0146-6380(02)00048-7.
  98. Parafiniuk, J., & Kruszewski, Ł. (2009). Ammonium minerals from burning coal-dumps of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland)., 53(3), 341-356.
  99. Peters, K.E., Walters, C.C., & Moldowan, J.M. (2005).(2 ed.). Cambridge, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
  100. Pickering, R.W. (1999). A toxicological review of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons., 18(2), 101-135. DOI: 10.3109/15569529909037562.
  101. Pickering, R.W. (2000). Toxicity of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons other than benzo(a)pyrene: a review., 19(1), 55-67. DOI: 10.3109/15569520009051478.
  102. Pone, J.D.N., Hein, K.A.A., Stracher, G.B., Annegarn, H.J., Finkelman, R.B., Blake, D.R., McCormack, J.K., & Schroeder, P. (2007). The spontaneous combustion of coal and its by-products in the Witbank and Sasolburg coalfields of South Africa., 72(2), 124-140. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2007.01.001.
  103. Radke, M. (1987). Organic geochemistry of aromatic hydrocarbons. In J. Brooks, D. Welte, (Eds.),(pp 141-205). London, Academic Press.
  104. Radke, M., & Welte, D.H. (1983). The methylphenanthrene index (MPI): a maturity parameter based on aromatic hydrocarbons. In: M. Bjoroy, P. Albrecht, C. Cornford, K. de Groot, G. Eglinton, E. Galimov, D. Leythaeuser, R. Pelet & G. Speers (Eds),(pp. 504-512). Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
  105. Radke, M., Willsch, H., Leythaeuser, D., & Teichmüller, M. (1982). Aromatic components of coal: relation of distribution pattern to rank., 46(10), 1831-1848. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(82)90122-3.
  106. Radke, M., Welte, D.H., & Willsch, H. (1986). Maturity parameters based on aromatic hydrocarbons: influence of organic matter type., 10(1-3), 51-63. DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(86)90008-2.
  107. Radke, M., Willsch, H., & Teichmüller, M. (1990). Generation and distribution of aromatic hydrocarbons in coals of low rank., 15(6), 539-563.
  108. Radke, M., Rullkötter, J., & Vriend, S.P. (1994). Distribution of naphthalenes in crude oils from the Java Sea: Source and maturation effects., 58(17), 3675-3689. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90158-9.
  109. Raymond, A.C., & Murchison, D.G. (1992). Effects of igneous activity on molecular-maturation indices in different types of organic matter., 18(5), 725-735. DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(92)90098-I.
  110. Ribeiro, J., Ferreira da Silva, E., & Flores, D. (2010). Burning of coal waste piles from Douro Coalfield (Portugal): Petrological, geochemical and mineralogical characterization., 81(4), 359-372. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2009.10.005.
  111. Rimmer, S.M., Yoksoulian, L.E., & Hower, J.C. (2009). Anatomy of an intruded coal, I: Effect of contact metamorphism on whole-coal geochemistry, Springfield (No. 5) (Pennsylvanian) coal, Illinois Basin., 79(3), 74-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2009.06.002.
  112. Rosiek, F., & Urbański, J. (1990). Influence of some physical properties of coal on their self-ignition. Wrocław: Scientific Publications of Mining Institute of Wrocław Technical University, 59, 27-32 (in Polish).
  113. Querol, X., Izquierdo, M., Monfort, E., Alvarez, E., Font, O., Moreno, T., Alastuey, A., Zhuang, X., Lu, W., & Wang, Y. (2008). Environment characterization of burnt coal gangue banks at Yangquan, Shanxi Province, China., 75(2), 93-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2008.04.003.
  114. Quintero, J.A., Candela, S.A., Rios, C.A., Montes, C., & Uribe, C. (2009). Spontaneous combustion of the Upper Paleocene Cerrejón Formation coal and generation of clinker in La Guajira Peninsula (Carribean Region of Colombia)., 80(3-4), 196-210. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2009.09.004.
  115. Sahu, H.B., Mahapatra, S.S., & Panigrahi, D.C. (2009). An empirical approach for classification of coal seams with respect to the spontaneous heating susceptibility of Indian coals., 80(3-4), 175-180. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2009.10.001.
  116. Sawicki, T. (2004). Spontaneous combustion in stock piles as the cause of fire., 1, 56-59 (in Polish).
  117. Seifert, W.K., & Moldowan, J.M. (1978). Application of steranes, terpanes and monoaromatics to the maturation, migration and source of crude oils., 42(1), 77-95. DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(78)90219-3.
  118. Seifert, W.K., & Moldowan, J.M. (1980). The effect of thermal stress on source-rock quality as measured by hopane stereochemistry., 12, 229-237. DOI: 10.1016/0079-1946(79)90107-1.
  119. Sensogut, C., & Cinar, I. (2000). A research on the tendency of Ermenek District coals to spontaneous combustion., 9(4), 421-427. DOI: 10.1142/S0950609800000342.
  120. Shi, T., Wang, X., Deng, J., & Wen, Z. (2005). The mechanism at the initial stage of room-temperature oxidation of coal., 140(4), 332-345. DOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.10.012.
  121. Simoneit, B.R.T. (1998). Biomarker PAHs in the environment. In A.H. Neilson (Ed.).(pp.176-221). Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
  122. Simoneit, B.R.T. (2002). Biomass burning — a review of organic tracers for smoke from incomplete combustion., 17(3), 129-162. DOI: 10.1016/S0883-2927(01)00061-0.
  123. Singh A.K., Singh R.V.K., Singh M., Chandra H., & Shukla, N.K. (2007a). Mine fire gas indices and their application to Indian underground coal mine fires., 69(3), 192-204. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2006.04.004.
  124. Singh, A.K., Singh, M.P., Sharma, M., & Srivastava, S.K. (2007b). Microstructures and mictrotextures of natural cokes: A case study of heat-affected coking coals from the Jharia coalfield, India., 71(2-3), 153-175. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2006.08.006.
  125. Singh, A.K., Sharma, M., & Singh, M.P. (2008). Genesis of natural cokes: Some Indian examples., 75(1), 40-48. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2008.01.002.
  126. Skarżyńska, K.M. (1995a): Reuse of coal mining wastes in civil engineering. Part 1: Properties of minestone., 15(1), 3-42. DOI: 10.1016/0956-053X(95)00004-J.
  127. Skarżyńska, K.M. (1995b). Reuse of coal mining wastes in civil engineering. Part 2: Utilization of minestone., 15(2), 83-126. DOI: 10.1016/0956-053X(95)00008-N.
  128. Skręt, U., Fabiańska, M.J., & Misz-Kennan, M. (2010). Simulated water-washing of organic compounds from self-heated coal wastes of the Rymer Cones Dump (Upper Silesia Coal Region, Poland).41(9), 1009-1012. DOI: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2010.04.010.
  129. Smith, M.A., & Glasser, D. (2005). Spontaneous combustion of carbonaceous stockpiles. Part II. Factors affecting the rate of the low-temperature oxidation reaction., 84(9), 1161-1170. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2004.12.005.
  130. Sokol, E.V. (2005). High-temperature processes of organic fuel decomposition as a thermal source for pyrometamorphic transformations. In G.G. Lepezin (Ed.),(pp. 22-31). Novosybirsk: Publishing House of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (in Russian).
  131. Stach, E., Mackowsky, M.-Th., Teichmüller, M., Taylor, G.H., Chandra, D., & Teichmüller, R. (1982).Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger.
  132. Stalker, L., Larter, S.R., & Farrimond, P. (1998). Biomarker binding into kerogens: evidence from hydrous pyrolysis using heavy water (DO)., 28(3-4), 239-253. DOI: 10.1016/S0146-6380(97)00103-4.
  133. Steward, A.K., Massey, M., Padgett, P.L., Rimmer, S.M., & Hower, J.C. (2005). Influence of a basic intrusion on the vitrinite reflectance and chemistry of the Springfield (No. 5) coal, Harrisburg, Illinois., 63(1-2), 58-67. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2005.02.005.
  134. Strachan, M.G., Alexander, R., van Bronswijk, W., & Kagi, R.I. (1989a). Source and heating rate effects upon maturity parameters based on ratios of 24-ethylcholestane diastereomers., 31(3), 285-294. DOI: 10.1016/0375-6742(89)90106-4.
  135. Strachan, M.G., Alexander, R., Subroto, E.A., & Kagi, R.I. (1989b). Constraints upon the use of 24-ethylcholestane diastereomer ratios as indicators of the maturity of petroleum., 14(4), 423-432. DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(89)90007-7.
  136. Stracher, G.B. (ed.) (2007).(pp. 283). XVIII, Colorado: The Geological Society of America, ISBN: 978-0-8137-4118-5.
  137. Stracher, G.B., & Taylor, T.P (2004). Coal fires burning out of control around the world: thermodynamic recipe for environmental catastrophe., 59(1-2), 7-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2003.03.002.
  138. Strumiński, A., & Rosiek, F. (1990). The evaluation of the endogenic fire-hazards in the Lower Silesian Coal Basin in the light of the tendency for the coal to self-ignite. Wrocław: Scientific Publications of Mining Institute of Wrocław Technical University, 59, 33-43 (in Polish).
  139. Stukalova, I.E., & Rusinova, O.V. (2007). Thermal alteration of coal in the Khasyn coalfield, Magadan region, Russia., 71(4), 462-470. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2006.11.005.
  140. Suárez-Ruiz I., & Crelling J. (2008).Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  141. Sýkorová, I., Pickel, W., Christanis, K., Wolf, M., Taylor, G.H., & Flores, D. (2005). Classification of huminite—ICCP System 1994., 62(1-2), 85-106. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2004.06.006.
  142. Szafer, M., Urbański, H., & Tabor, A. (1994). Rules for the re-cultivation of coal waste dumps using modern techniques. Katowice: Central Mining Institute (in Polish).
  143. Tabor, A. (2002). Monitoring of coal waste dumps, re-cultivated dumps and other collection sites of Carboniferous waste rocks in the light of many years experience. Proceedings - VII Conference "Long term proecological undertakings in the Rybnik Coal Area", October 2002 (pp. 131-141). Rybnik, (in Polish).
  144. Tabor, A. (1999). Technical - ecological problems in coal waste collection [in Polish]. Proceedings - IV Conference "Conditions in the local plans for land development in towns and communes of the Rybnik Coal Area", October 1999 (pp. 195-202). Rybnik, (in Polish).
  145. Tabor, A. (2002-2009). Reports from the monitoring of coal waste dumps. Unpublished materials (in Polish).
  146. Taylor G.H., Teichmüller M., Davis A., Diessel C.F.K., Littke R., & Robert R. (1998).Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger.
  147. Ten Haven, H.L., Littke, R., & Rullkötter, J. (1992). Hydrocarbon biological markers in Carboniferous coals of different rank. In J.M. Moldowan, P. Albrecht & R.P. Philp (Eds.).(pp. 142-154). New Jersey : Prentice Hall.
  148. The Wiley/NBS Registry of Mass Spectral Data. Wiley, New York.
  149. Tissot, B.P., & Welte, D.H. (1984).Berlin: Springer Verlag.
  150. Urbański J. (1983). Technical re-cultivation of mine waste dumps with particular reference to fire protection. Training Materials, Katowice: The Association of Mining Engineers and Technics (in Polish).
  151. Wachowicz, J. (2008). Analysis of underground fires in Polish hard coal mines., 18(3), 332-336. DOI: 10.1016/S1006-1266(08)60070-X.
  152. Wagner M. (1980). Thermal alterations of bituminous coal in fire zones of mining dumps., 6(2), 5-14.
  153. Walker, S. (1999).London: IEA Coal Research. (CCC/16). ISBN 92-9029-3247-1.
  154. Wang, H., Dlugogorski, B.Z., & Kennedy, E.M. (1999). Experimental study on low-temperature oxidation of an Australian coal., 13(6), 1173-1179. DOI: 10.1021/ef990040s.
  155. Wang, H., Dlugogorski, B.Z., & Kennedy, E.M. (2002a). Examination of CO, CO, and HO formation during low-temperature oxidation of a bituminous coal., 16(3), 586-592. DOI: 10.1021/ef010152v.
  156. Wang H., Dlugogorski B.Z., & Kennedy E.M. (2002b). Thermal decomposition of solid oxygenated complexes formed by coal oxidation at low temperatures., 81(15), 1913-1923. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-2361(02)00122-9.
  157. Wang, H., Dlugogorski, B.Z., & Kennedy, E.M. (2003). Pathways for production of COand CO in low - temperature oxidation of coal., 17(1), 150-158. DOI: 10.1021/ef020095l.
  158. Willey, C., Iwao, M., Castle, R.N., & Lee, M.L. (1981). Determination of sulfur heterocycles in coal liquids and shale oils., 53(3), 400-407. DOI: 10.1021/ac00226a006.
  159. Willsch, H., & Radke, M. (1995). Distribution of polycyclic aromatic compounds in coals of high rank., 7(4), 231-251. DOI: 10.1080/10406639508009627.
  160. Zhao, Y., Zhang, J., Chou, C.-L., Li, Y., Wang, Z., Ge, Y., & Zheng C. (2008). Trace element emission from spontaneous combustion of gob piles in coal mines, Shanxi, China., 73(1), 52-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2007.07.007.
  161. Pyle, J. M., Spear, F. S., Rudnick, R. L., & McDonough, W. F. (2001). Monazite-Xenotime-Garnet Equilibrium in Metapelites and a New Monazite-Garnet Thermometer., 42(11), 2083-2107. DOI: 10.1093/petrology/42.11.2083.
  162. Pettijohn, F.J. (1957).(2 ed.). New York: Harper & Brothers.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10002-010-0001-4 | Journal eISSN: 1899-8526 | Journal ISSN: 1899-8291
Language: English
Page range: 105 - 237
Published on: Dec 15, 2010
Published by: Mineralogical Society of Poland
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open
Related subjects:

© 2010 Magdalena Misz-Kennan, published by Mineralogical Society of Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.