Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.
![Graph-based weight-and-balance method [5].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/695753f47c29e05adc528aeb/j_tar-2025-0020_fig_005.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBIEER2XZ%2F20260222%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260222T015557Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEO%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJIMEYCIQDgj7HYiKGyGNVjpodPpBxOiFjpaQHC0sOSGNnfJTOjIwIhAKIvBhGB8PP9OJqC63ApeBBIaj7KH7W8xlyyVa9Z%2B1n3KsUFCLj%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEQAhoMOTYzMTM0Mjg5OTQwIgyN8mRYGQHuNODbSJEqmQUKQoW4inPfiH6hO2OVCWVLpWPsXamHfLeKLxJT7aBGKI%2BIjdPyfBjkS1A0N0Di8thRQi44kq7WTs4pOgUG74HQ8ClfhwX0Aga3X1pMk3fr7tNbato5aSi8i%2Bh4Bepn8v6sAW16Dm60aQpgxzA1WUlzHK%2FjN2G71zDnA05sCXhATn3e%2FSd0LgMPFXMm1PvJgvNooiAQTVZp4ZnRlNx7U5tWE2QjE6rw%2BoftGeCShcg%2BJQvF8cJlX8a0nHUq1bvwpJFlRGmHcI%2Bqqc3fkSNdsvE%2BIrPKMZ3mtrRZDur2pYA749IuGtxBGcTQEcZ8oaY1KkMeEIYspox6f%2BRyO5RKW8PAhVDeTxqXizluoE%2BImCy0oQa1VHctt5ME6o7u%2Ff7abtvZQbYywzMKkiLmKfQjeBXvkpW39dcinP%2B7B26tElpDUzGLA0T73Y0g%2FXvexOC%2F7ytDOCbtpqz1Py8Up%2FNACf%2FqJZz3WxUsigBijwT29HcSdqDbTzBzWVx4l1j6Kzz8jOPMvKCpaC006E1%2Fu8H6N5NCFQgMrvVBdZSfiGEk1cT8ZFqajltDKF8POpzKAQUC7P2V15f7dPC%2Bu8sL0A%2BEIIlRSyRKSEE6xmheF6slpRu7pCO%2BLvK2q3YPhG%2F2mFcP6KwO2Gxp7xQ9ZmDTJLeMqVOR4POkHmYgsy1R3dJMLmJPcej9xowNJQQV2Y7KrDAfXfbwjkVzAcRWI51jfLCjXd5q8bkuJ3%2BcW3iMJ8mmkqYs6%2FoH6eUB7RG1NH2gGmU2tQu3Np8p%2BOTFb3sf2vG3RJsZn2U7%2BeIoT%2BAuM5BkaIGRwR%2BYwX6sKCO9RfzNQG50yj2Fb4P%2B9JEm2cuESJcAgk8ldBtsmwZ4ZOvE5fLga3OAJrOol2YtAxngDTDi7%2BjMBjqwAWuVm%2FjoHcMXivscVrJoaemE4b%2FH7ZMG02fQI8cYegAWS9dQJGfN%2F05zxm2BezlWkG3GJWOqRoiPVgTVSI9zp6n%2BCUB52X3o4J9RbRbMpaLG4%2FpDkwbLy3UoAXABT7tshjJzdURLVhUyTWqTMKMWmm%2FBF9hDMT5LUZiK9LSyRWOYa0otlHpPrB6DO5s5vebfo7Dk3R28x7jw2lMSmqaTQJBqMPXdJYcWKCtRreKmJ0oq&X-Amz-Signature=e078ddbe939659396788d68c10429acb018eece364b34cc4f899554d3e2be8eb&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Fig. 6.
![Table-based weight-and-balance method [6].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/695753f47c29e05adc528aeb/j_tar-2025-0020_fig_006.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBIEER2XZ%2F20260222%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260222T015557Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEO%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJIMEYCIQDgj7HYiKGyGNVjpodPpBxOiFjpaQHC0sOSGNnfJTOjIwIhAKIvBhGB8PP9OJqC63ApeBBIaj7KH7W8xlyyVa9Z%2B1n3KsUFCLj%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEQAhoMOTYzMTM0Mjg5OTQwIgyN8mRYGQHuNODbSJEqmQUKQoW4inPfiH6hO2OVCWVLpWPsXamHfLeKLxJT7aBGKI%2BIjdPyfBjkS1A0N0Di8thRQi44kq7WTs4pOgUG74HQ8ClfhwX0Aga3X1pMk3fr7tNbato5aSi8i%2Bh4Bepn8v6sAW16Dm60aQpgxzA1WUlzHK%2FjN2G71zDnA05sCXhATn3e%2FSd0LgMPFXMm1PvJgvNooiAQTVZp4ZnRlNx7U5tWE2QjE6rw%2BoftGeCShcg%2BJQvF8cJlX8a0nHUq1bvwpJFlRGmHcI%2Bqqc3fkSNdsvE%2BIrPKMZ3mtrRZDur2pYA749IuGtxBGcTQEcZ8oaY1KkMeEIYspox6f%2BRyO5RKW8PAhVDeTxqXizluoE%2BImCy0oQa1VHctt5ME6o7u%2Ff7abtvZQbYywzMKkiLmKfQjeBXvkpW39dcinP%2B7B26tElpDUzGLA0T73Y0g%2FXvexOC%2F7ytDOCbtpqz1Py8Up%2FNACf%2FqJZz3WxUsigBijwT29HcSdqDbTzBzWVx4l1j6Kzz8jOPMvKCpaC006E1%2Fu8H6N5NCFQgMrvVBdZSfiGEk1cT8ZFqajltDKF8POpzKAQUC7P2V15f7dPC%2Bu8sL0A%2BEIIlRSyRKSEE6xmheF6slpRu7pCO%2BLvK2q3YPhG%2F2mFcP6KwO2Gxp7xQ9ZmDTJLeMqVOR4POkHmYgsy1R3dJMLmJPcej9xowNJQQV2Y7KrDAfXfbwjkVzAcRWI51jfLCjXd5q8bkuJ3%2BcW3iMJ8mmkqYs6%2FoH6eUB7RG1NH2gGmU2tQu3Np8p%2BOTFb3sf2vG3RJsZn2U7%2BeIoT%2BAuM5BkaIGRwR%2BYwX6sKCO9RfzNQG50yj2Fb4P%2B9JEm2cuESJcAgk8ldBtsmwZ4ZOvE5fLga3OAJrOol2YtAxngDTDi7%2BjMBjqwAWuVm%2FjoHcMXivscVrJoaemE4b%2FH7ZMG02fQI8cYegAWS9dQJGfN%2F05zxm2BezlWkG3GJWOqRoiPVgTVSI9zp6n%2BCUB52X3o4J9RbRbMpaLG4%2FpDkwbLy3UoAXABT7tshjJzdURLVhUyTWqTMKMWmm%2FBF9hDMT5LUZiK9LSyRWOYa0otlHpPrB6DO5s5vebfo7Dk3R28x7jw2lMSmqaTQJBqMPXdJYcWKCtRreKmJ0oq&X-Amz-Signature=01c80a574c08fcf7e312d7eb8c4bcb5a4f3e417815ab8b02bc587025179e80ed&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Fig. 7.

Fig. 8.

Fig. 9.

Computational Weight and Balance Method_
| N198BW | Weight | Arm | Moment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Basic Empty Weight | 1626.18 | 39.19 | 63732.89 |
| Front Seats | 37 | ||
| Rear Seats | 73 | ||
| Baggage | 95 | ||
| Usable Fuel (6lb/gal) | 48 | ||
| Take-Off Weight | |||
| Fuel Burn | 48 | ||
| Landing Weight |