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Thermophysical properties and other parameters used in simulation_
| Physical properties of the powder | ||
|---|---|---|
| Material density | ρ | 8,600 kg/m3 |
| Specific heat capacity solid phase | cs | 390 J/kgoK |
| Specific heat capacity liquid phase | cl | 410 J/kgoK |
| Latent heat of melting | Lm | 334 [kJ/kg] |
| Melting temperature | Tm | 1,380 °C |
| Boiling temperature | Tb | 2,930 °C |
| Upper temperature margin | ΔTB | 30 °C |
| Emissivity | ε | 0.7 |
| Process efficiency coefficient | η | 0.27 |
j_tar-2023-0020_tab_003
| A | Path cross-section area [m3] |
| C | Specific heat capacity [J/kg·K] |
| H | Powder bed thickness [μm] |
| ht | Track height [m] |
| L | Specific latent heat [J/kg] |
| ke | Thermal effective conductivity of powder [W/mK] |
| kp | Track section profile coefficient [-] |
| P | Laser beam power [W] |
| Pd | Hatch spacing [μm] |
| re | Effective laser beam radius [μm] |
| Tm | Melting temperature [K] |
| Tb | Boiling temperature [K] |
| TA | Lower temperature limit [K] |
| TB | Upper temperature limit [K] |
| V | Laser scanning speed [mm/s] |
| W | Track width [m] |
| β | Porosity |
| ρ | Density [kg/m3] |
Process parameters_
| Parameters | Lower limit | Upper limit | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Laser beam power | 70 | 170 | W |
| Scanning speed | 100 | 1,200 | mm/s |
| Powder layer thickness | 25 | 35 | μm |