Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Psychometric Validation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents (ESS-CHAD) in Slovenia: Implications for Public Health Research and Practice Cover

Psychometric Validation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents (ESS-CHAD) in Slovenia: Implications for Public Health Research and Practice

Open Access
|Mar 2026

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Graphical representation of the two-factor structure of the Slovenian translation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents questionnaire.
Graphical representation of the two-factor structure of the Slovenian translation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents questionnaire.

Factor loading matrix of the Slovenian translation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents questionnaire items after rotation_

Factor matrix with rotation
Factor12
10.320.17
20.430.13
30.430.33
40.400.12
50.78−0.01
60.180.73
70.730.13
80.090.66

Confirmatory factor analysis indices and descriptive statistics for the Slovenian translation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents questionnaire_

IndicatorOne-factor solutionTwo-factor solution
M (SD)6.65 (4.35)6.32 (4.00)*
0.34 (0.94)**

χ2352.77262.52
df2019
p< 0.001< 0.001
CFI0.940.96
TLI0.920.94
RMSEA0.0710.063
RMSEACI0.065–0.0780.056–0.069
SRMR0.0810.046

Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients among the Slovenian translation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents questionnaire_

ItemMSDr
12345678
10.700.981.00
21.201.040.251.00
30.740.970.260.221.00
41.391.080.190.230.251.00
51.361.170.200.300.310.291.00
60.210.570.160.160.310.150.151.00
70.961.040.200.310.340.260.640.241.00
80.140.510.120.100.240.090.070.510.171.00

Content validation indices for the Slovenian translation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents questionnaire_

ItemCVRCI
10.820.82
21.000.82
30.820.82
41.000.82
50.820.73
61.000.73
71.000.82
80.820.82

Results of Exploratory Factor Analysis for the Slovenian translation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents questionnaire_

Initial EigenvaluesExtraction Sums of Squared LoadingsRotated Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings



FactorTotal% of varianceCumulative varianceTotal% of varianceCumulative varianceTotal% of varianceCumulative variance
12.7334.1334.132.1526.9226.921.8222.7222.72
21.3116.3850.510.8210.2437.161.1514.4437.16
30.9211.5162.02
40.809.9471.96
50.759.3981.35
60.668.2189.56
70.486.0195.57
80.354.43100.00
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2026-0003 | Journal eISSN: 1854-2476 | Journal ISSN: 0351-0026
Language: English
Page range: 16 - 24
Submitted on: Sep 19, 2025
|
Accepted on: Jan 14, 2026
|
Published on: Mar 1, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2026 Ajda Mlakar, Kaja Gril Rogina, Matic Šmigoc, Barbara Gnidovec Stražišar, Andreja Kukec, published by National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.