Reasons for the Intention to Leave among Nurses Working in Internal Medicine and Surgery Departments of Slovenian Hospitals – A Cross Sectional Study

Skela-Savič, Brigita; Sermeus, Walter; Bahun, Mateja; Pivač, Sanela; Albreht, Tit

doi:10.2478/sjph-2025-0021

References

Virkstis K, Boston-Fleischhauer C, Rewers L, Critchley N, Whitemarsh K, Paiewonsky A, et al. 7 executive strategies to stabilize the nursing workforce. J Nurs Adm. 2022; 52(4):194–196. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000001129.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
OECD / EU. Fewer young people want to become nurses in half of OECD countries. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2024.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
de Vries N, Boone A, Godderis L, Bouman J, Szemik S, Matranga D, et al. The race to retain healthcare workers: A systematic review on factors that impact retention of nurses and physicians in hospitals. Inquiry. 2023;60:00469580231159318. doi: 10.1177/00469580231159318.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Al Sabei SD, Labrague LJ, Miner Ross A, Karkada S, Albashayreh A, Al Masroori F, et al. Nursing work environment, turnover intention, job burnout, and quality of care: The moderating role of job satisfaction. J Nurs Scholarship. 2020;52:95–104. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12528.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ejebu OZ, Turnbull J, Atherton I, Rafferty AM, Palmer B, Philippou J, et al. What might make nurses stay? A protocol for discrete choice experiments to understand NHS nurses’ preferences at early- career and late-career stages. BMJ Open. 2024;14:e075066. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075066.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Van der Heijden B, Mahoney CB, Xu Y. Impact of job demands and resources on nurses’ burnout and occupational turnover intention towards an age-moderated mediation model for the nursing profession. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019; 16(11):2011. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16112011.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
McKenna J, Jeske D. Ethical leadership and decision author ity effects on nurses’ engagement, exhaustion, and turnover intention. J Adv Nurs. 2021; 77(1):198–206. doi: 10.1111/jan.14591.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sasso L, Bagnasco A, Catania G, Zanini M, Aleo G, Watson R, et al. Working Group. Push and pull factors of nurses’ intention to leave. J Nurs Manag. 2019;27(5):946–54. doi:10.1111/jonm.12745.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
de Vries N, Maniscalco L, Matranga D, Bouman J, de Winter JP. Determinants of intention to leave among nurses and physicians in a hospital setting during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2024;19(3):e0300377. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300377.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Çamveren H, Kocaman G. Factors influencing a university hospital nurses’ intentions to leave the unit, organisation and profession: A cross-sectional study. J Health Manag. 2021;23(2):240–250.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pressley C, Garside J. Safeguarding the retention of nurses: A systematic review on determinants of nurse’s intentions to stay. Nursing Open. 2023;10:2842–2858. doi: 10.1002/nop2.1588.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Alkan E, Cushen-Brewster N, Anyanwu P. Organisational factors associated with healthcare workforce development, recruitment, and retention in the United Kingdom: A systematic review. BMC Nurs. 2024;23:604. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02216-0.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Liu Y, Duan Y, Guo M. Turnover intention and its associated factors among nurses: A multi center cross sectional study. Front Public Health. 2023;11:2023. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1141441.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Burmeister EA, Kalisch BJ, Xie B, Doumit MAA, Lee E, Ferraresion A, et al. Determinants of nurse absenteeism and intent to leave: An international study. J Nurs Manag. 2019; 27(1):143–153. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12659.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Karlsson A, Gunningberg L, Bäckström J, Pöder U. Registered nurses’ perspectives of work satisfaction, patient safety and intention to stay – a double-edged sword. J Nurs Manag. 2019; 27(7):1359–1365. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12816.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Leineweber C, Chungkham HS, Lindqvist R, Westerlund H, Runesdotter S. Nurses’ practice environment and satisfaction with schedule flexibility is related to intention to leave due to dissatisfaction: A multi-country, multilevel study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2016; 58:47–58. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.02.003.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Eltaybani S, Noguchi-Watanabe M, Igarashi A, Saito Y, Yamamoto-Mitani N. Factors related to intention to stay in the current workplace among long-term care nurses: A nationwide survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2018; 80:118–127. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.01.008.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Yarbrough S, Martin P, Alfred D, McNeill C. Professional values, job satisfaction, career development, and intent to stay. Nurs Ethics. 2017; 24(6):675–685. doi: 10.1177/0969733015623098.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
French R, Aiken LH, Fitzpatrick-Rosenbaum KE, Laseter KB. Conditions of nursing practice in hospitals and nursing homes before COVID-19: Implications for policy action. J Nurs Regulation. 2022; 13(1):45–53. doi: 10.1016/S2155-8256(22)00033-3.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Williamson L, Burog W, Taylor R. A scoping review of strategies used to recruit and retain nurses in the healthcare workforce. J Nurs Manag. 2022;30(7):2845–2853. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13786.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cardiff S, Gershuni O, Giesbergen-Brekelmans A. How local, first-line nurse leaders can positively influence nurse intent to stay and retention: A realist review. J Clin Nurs. 2023;32(19–20):6934–6950. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16813.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Muir K, Porat-Dahlerbruch J, Nikpour J, Leep-Lazar K, Lasater K. Top factors in nurses ending health care employment between 2018 and 2021. JAMA Netw Open. 2024; 7(4):e244121. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.4121.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Griffiths P, Dall Ora C, Simon M, Ball J, Lindqvist R, Rafferty AM, et al. Nurses’ shift length and overtime working in 12 European countries: The association with perceived quality of care and patient safety. Med Care. 2014; 52(11):975–81. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000233.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Azzellino G, Dante A, Petrucci C, Caponnetto V, Aitella E, Lancia L, et al. Intention to leave and missed nursing care: A scoping review. Int J Nurs Stud Advances. 2025;8:100312. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2025.100312.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gholami M, Saki M, Hossein P, Amir H. Nurses’ perception of empowerment and its relationship with organizational commitment and trust in teaching hospitals in Iran. J Nurs Manag. 2019; 27(5):1020–1029. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12766.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kerzman H, Van Dijk D, Siman-Tov M, Friedman S, Goldberg, S. Professional characteristics and work attitudes of hospital nurses who leave compared with those who stay. J Nurs Manag. 2020; 28(6):1364–1371. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13090.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Park JH, Park MJ, Hwang HY. Intention to leave among staff nurses in small-and medium-sized hospitals. J Clin Nurs. 2019;28:1856–1867. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14802.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tadesse B, Dechasa A, Ayana M, Tura MR. Intention to leave nursing profession and its associated factors among nurses: A facility based cross-sectional study. Inquiry. 2023;60:469580231200602. doi: 10.1177/00469580231200602.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kiptulon EK, Zrínyi M, Siket AU. Intentions to leave the job and nursing profession among nurses in Kenya’s referral hospitals: Exploring the effects of organizational culture, work-related stress and job satisfaction. BMC Nurs. 2025;24(1):823. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03422-0.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wang L, Tao H, Bowers BJ, Brown R, Zhang Y. When nurse emotional intelligence matters: How transformational leadership influences intent to stay. J Nurs Manag. 2018; 26(4):358–365. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12509.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sermeus W, Aiken LH, Van Den HK, Rafferty AM, Griffiths P, Moreno-Casbas MT, et al. Nurse forecasting in Europe (RN4CAST): Rationale, design and methodology. BMC Nurs. 2011;10:6. doi: 10.1186/1472-6955-10-6.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Skela Savič B, Sermeus W, Dello S, Squires A, Bahun M, Lobe B. How nurses’ job characteristics affect their self-assessed work environment in hospitals: Slovenian use of the practice environment scale of the nursing work index. BMC Nurs. 2023;22:1–12. doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01261-5.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter M. Maslach burnout inventory: Manual. 3rd ed. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press; 1996.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP. Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol. 2001; 52:397–422. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schlak AE, Aiken LH, Chittams J, Poghosyan L, McHugh M. Leveraging the work environment to minimize the negative impact of nurse burnout on patient outcomes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18:610. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020610.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Squires A, Aiken LH, van den Heede K, Sermeus W, Bruyneel L, Lindqvist R, et al. A systematic survey instrument translation process for multi-country, comparative health workforce studies. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(2):264–273. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.02.015.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
World Medical Association. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA. 2013;310(20):2191–2194. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.281053.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Galanis P, Moisoglou I, Katsiroumpa A, Gallos P, Kalogeropoulou M, Meimeti E, et al. Workload increases nurses’ quiet quitting, turnover intention, and job burnout: Evidence from Greece. AIMS Public Health. 2025;12(1):44–55. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2025004.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
O’Callaghan C, Sadath A. Exploring job satisfaction and turnover intentions among nurses: Insights from a cross-sectional study. Cogent Psychology. 2025;12(1):2481733. doi: 10.1080/23311908.2025.2481733.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Aiken LH, Sermeus W, McKee M, Lasater KB, Sloane D, Pogue CA, et al. Physician and nurse well-being, patient safety and recommendations for inter ventions: Cross-sectional survey in hospitals in six European countries. BMJ Open. 2024;14:e079931. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079931.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Liu Y, Duan Y, Guo M. Turnover intention and its associated factors among nurses: A multi-center cross-sectional study. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1141441. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1141441.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Heinen MM, Achterberg T, Schwendimann R, Zander B, Matthews A, Kózka M, et al. Nurses’ intention to leave their profession: A cross sectional observational study in 10 European countries. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(2):174–184. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.09.019.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Al Yahyaei A, Hewison A, Efstathiou N, Carrick-Sen D. Nurses’ intention to stay in the work environment in acute healthcare: A systematic review. J Res Nurs. 2022; 27(4):374–397. doi: 10.1177/17449871221080731.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Enea M, Maniscalco L, de Vries N, Boone A, Lavreysen O, Baranski K, et al. Exploring the reasons behind nurses’ intentions to leave their hospital or profession: A cross-sectional survey. Int J Nurs Stud Adv. 2024;7:100232. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2024.100232.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Aiken LH, Sloane DM, McHugh MD, Pogue CA, Lasater KB. A repeated cross-sectional study of nurses immediately before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for action. Nurs Outlook. 2023;71(1):101903. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2022.11.007.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Skela-Savič B, Albreht T, Sermeus W, Lobe B, Bahun M, Dello S. Patient outcomes and hospital nurses’ workload: A cross-sectional observational study in Slovenian hospitals using the RN4CAST survey. Zdr Varst. 2023;62(2):59–66. doi: 10.2478/Sjph-2023-0009.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Reasons for the Intention to Leave among Nurses Working in Internal Medicine and Surgery Departments of Slovenian Hospitals – A Cross Sectional Study

References

Paradigm

My account