Figure 1.
Structures of tested chalcone analogues.
Figure 2.
The effects of the various concentrations of new chalcone analogues on viability of HeLa cancer cells after 24 h treatment (A) and 48 h (B). Viability was quantified by MTT assay. Results are mean ± SD of three experiments (p<0.05)
Table 1.
IC50 values (μM) of chalcone analogues (CH), cisplatin and dehydrozingerone (DHZ) after 24 and 48 h treatment of HeLa cancer cells and noncancerous MRC-5 cell.
| HeLa IC50 | CH1 | CH2 | CH3 | cisPt | DHZ |
| 24 h | 3.97 ± 1.45 | 4.11 ± 1.46 | 6.18 ± 1.72 | 9.70 ± 1.22 | 3.61 ± 2.16 |
| 48 h | 3.67 ± 1.17 | 3.5 ±1.1 | 1.69 ± 0.68 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 2.41 ± 0.57 |
| MRC-5 IC50 | CH1 | CH2 | CH3 | cisPt | DHZ |
| 24 h | > 200 | > 200 | > 200 | < 150 | < 300 |
| 48 h | > 200 | > 200 | > 200 | < 40 | < 300 |
Figure 3.
The effects of new synthesized chalcone analogues on cytotoxicity of HeLa and MRC-5 cells after 24 h (A) and 48 h (B) in comparison to DHZ and cisplatin treatment. Results are mean ± SD of three experiments (p<0.05).
Figure 4.
Morphology of the HeLa cells after 48 h treatment with investigated substances. Equal number of HeLa cells were plated in 24 well plates and allowed to attach for 24 h. Cells were exposed to vehicle (VEH)-containing complete media and different concentrations of CH, DHZ and cisplatin during 48 h period and morphology of the cells was analysed on microscope.
Figure 5.
Effects of CH analogues on apoptosis and autophagy in HeLa cells. Flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD stained HeLa cells after 48 h of the treatment with CH, DHZ, cisplatin and co treatment with CQ.
Figure 6.
Expression of apoptosis-related proteins in untreated (control) and treated HeLa cells presented by histograms (Fig. 6 A and B) and bar chart (Fig 6. C). The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of Bax (A) and Bcl-2 staining (B) are indicated on histograms. Bar chart (C) showing Bcl-2/Bax ratio in untreated and treated cells.