Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Determination of the vertical extent of transition zones based on the dispersion measures of CPTu tests and the impact of excluding these zones in estimating characteristic values of parameters Cover

Determination of the vertical extent of transition zones based on the dispersion measures of CPTu tests and the impact of excluding these zones in estimating characteristic values of parameters

Open Access
|Oct 2026

References

  1. Länsivaara, T., Phoon, K. K., Ching, J. (2021). What is a characteristic value for soils? Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards.
  2. Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute and Others, collective work (2020). Wytyczne wykonywania badań podłożą gruntowego na potrzeby budownictwa drogowego. Część 1: Wytyczne badań podłoża gruntowego w drogownictwie. (Guidelines for performing soil tests for road construction. Part 1: Guidelines for soil tests for road construction.). PIG-PIB, AGH University of Krakow, Warsaw University of Technology. In Polish.
  3. Prästings, A., Spross, J., Larsson, S. (2019). Characteristic values of geotechnical parameters in Eurocode 7. ICE Proceedings Geotechnical Engineering.
  4. Puła, W. (2014). Wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące wyznaczania wartości charakterystycznych w geotechnice. (Selected issues related to the determination of characteristic values in geotechnics.) Acta Architectura, nr 13. In Polish.
  5. Wierzbicki, J., Młynarek, Z. (2015). Reprezentatywna wartość parametru geotechnicznego z badań in situ i jej wykorzystanie do konstrukcji modeli geotechnicznych. (Representative value of a geotechnical parameter from in situ tests and its use in the construction of geotechnical models.). Inżynieria Morska i Geotechnika, nr 3. In Polish.
  6. Robertson, P. K. (2009). Interpretation of cone penetration tests – a unified approach. Canadian Geotechnical Journal.
  7. Robertson, P. K. (2016). Cone penetration test (CPT)-based soil behavior type (SBT) classification system – an update. Canadian Geotechnical Journal.
  8. Lunne, T., Robertson P. K. and Powell J. J. M. (1997). Cone Penetration Testing in Geotechnical Practice. Blackie Academic & Professional. Reprinted by E & FN Spon.
  9. Robertson, P. K. (1990). Soil classification using the cone penetration test. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,.
  10. Harder, H., von Bloh, G. (1988). Determination of representative CPT-parameters. Geotechnology Conference on Penetration Testing in the UK, Birmingham.
  11. Ahmadi, M. M., Robertson, P. K. (2005). Thin layer effects on the CPT qc measurement. Canadian Geotechnical Journal.
  12. Robertson, P. K., Wride, C. E. (1998). Evaluating cyclic liquefaction potential using the cone penetration test. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 35(3), 24.
  13. Robertson, P. K. (2010). Estimating in-situ state parameter and friction angle in sandy soils from CPT. 2nd International Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing, Huntington Beach, CA, USA.
  14. Mayne, P. W. (2007). Cone Penetration Testing State-of-Practice. NCHRP Project 20-05, Topic 37-14, Final Report. Transportation Research Board.
  15. EN 1997-1:2004. Eurocode 7 - Geotechnical design - Part 1: General rules.
  16. EN 1997-2:2007. Eurocode 7 - Geotechnical design - Part 2: Ground investigation and testing.
  17. Sharma, S. S., Boylan, N. P. (2025). CPT based soil behaviour type material index (Ic) parameter for carbonate sediments. Proceedings of ISFOG 2025, 5th Internation Symposium on Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics. Nantes, France. 2025.
  18. Robertson, P. K., Cabal, K. L. (2010). Estimating soil unit weight from CPT. 2nd International Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing, Huntington Beach, CA, USA.
  19. PN-EN ISO 14688-1:2018.
  20. Schneider, H. R. (1997). Definition and determination of characteristic soil properties. Proceedings XII International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. Hamburg. Balkema, Rotterdam.
  21. Duncan J. M. (2000). Factors of safety and reliability in geotechnical Engineering. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. ASCE.
  22. Cherubini, C., Orr, T. L. L. (1999). Considerations on the applicability of semi-probabilistic Bayesian methods to geotechnical design. Proceedings XX Convegno Nazionale di Geotecnica, Associazione Geotecnica Italiana.
  23. CPT-pro Interpretation Software, ver. 6.21. (2026). Geosoft sp. z o.o.
  24. Jamiolkowski, M. (1985). New developments in field and laboratory testing of soils. Proc. Of the 11th International Conference On Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. A.A. Balkema.
  25. Kulhawy, F. H., Mayne, P. W. (1990). Manual on estimating soil properties for foundation design. Electric Power Research Institute.
  26. Lunne, T., Christoffersen, H. P. (1985). Interpretation of Cone Penetrometer Data for Offshore Sands. Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Publication No. 156.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2026-0008 | Journal eISSN: 2083-831X (formerly 0137-124X) | Journal ISSN: 0137-6365
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 15
Submitted on: Nov 6, 2025
Accepted on: Jun 15, 2026
Published on: Oct 17, 2026
Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2026 Wojciech Janecki, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 48 (2026): Issue 2 (June 2026)