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Example of geotechnical monitoring of soil improvement using rigid inclusions under road embankment Cover

Example of geotechnical monitoring of soil improvement using rigid inclusions under road embankment

Open Access
|Aug 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

CPT test logs. (a) Before ground improvement and (b) after ground improvement.
CPT test logs. (a) Before ground improvement and (b) after ground improvement.

Figure 2

Detailed location of sensors in given columns.
Detailed location of sensors in given columns.

Figure 3

Details of the installation of strain sensors in columns reinforced with IPE 200 profiles.
Details of the installation of strain sensors in columns reinforced with IPE 200 profiles.

Figure 4

Details of the installation of strain sensors in columns without reinforcement.
Details of the installation of strain sensors in columns without reinforcement.

Figure 5

Specification of the SHM-P-1200 load cell.
Specification of the SHM-P-1200 load cell.

Figure 6

Concrete VW Stressmeter Geokon 4370 model.
Concrete VW Stressmeter Geokon 4370 model.

Figure 7

Installation details of strain sensors for an unreinforced column.
Installation details of strain sensors for an unreinforced column.

Figure 8

Results of strain measurements in the K1 column shaft during test loading.
Results of strain measurements in the K1 column shaft during test loading.

Figure 9

Distribution of force in the K1 column shaft during the second load test cycle.
Distribution of force in the K1 column shaft during the second load test cycle.

Figure 10

Stress changes for subsequent load levels of the K1 column load-bearing capacity test (negative values indicate compression).
Stress changes for subsequent load levels of the K1 column load-bearing capacity test (negative values indicate compression).

Figure 11

Change in the Young’s modulus of concrete in relation to the increase in strains in the load-bearing capacity test.
Change in the Young’s modulus of concrete in relation to the increase in strains in the load-bearing capacity test.

Change in strains and stresses in the first measurement cross-sections for the K1 column_

Load test program for the K1 column_

Design load capacity761 kN
Cycle ICycle II
Percentage of charges (%)Load valueStabilizationPercentage of charges (%)Load valueStabilization
12.595Yes25.0190No
25.0190Yes50.0381No
37.5285Yes75.0571No
50.0381Yes100.0761No
62.5476Yes112.5856Yes
75.0571Yes125.0951Yes
87.5666Yes137.51,046Yes
100.0761Yes150.01,142Yes
75.0571No75.0571No
50.0381No50.0381No
25.0190No25.0190No
0.00Yes0.00Yes
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2025-0016 | Journal eISSN: 2083-831X | Journal ISSN: 0137-6365
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 12
Submitted on: Jun 13, 2024
Accepted on: Jun 10, 2025
Published on: Aug 13, 2025
Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2025 Adam Jabłonowski, Piotr Kanty, Adam Krasiński, Rafał Sieńko, Łukasz Bednarski, Karolina Makowska, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.