A Study of the Effect of Combined Cement and Fibre on Shear Strength Response of Chlef Sand

Kheira Boutouba; Ismail Benessalah; Ahmed Arab; Ahmed Djafar Henni

doi:10.2478/sgem-2025-0005

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A Study of the Effect of Combined Cement and Fibre on Shear Strength Response of Chlef Sand

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

Volume 47 (2025): Issue 1 (March 2025)

By: Kheira Boutouba, Ismail Benessalah , Ahmed Arab and Ahmed Djafar Henni

Open Access

|Mar 2025

Figures & Tables

Chlef sand under study: (a) situation of Chlef (formerly El Asnam) region [42] and (b) sand visualised using a scanning electron microscope [21].

Size distribution of the particles of the tested materials [25]. CC, cement content.

Materials used: (a) sand, (b) cement, (c) glass fibres and (d) polypropylene fibres.

Sample preparation: (a) fibre-reinforced mixtures: dry state; and (b) fibre-reinforced mixtures: wet state with a water content of 10%.

Effect of glass fibre content on sand shear strength (σn = 100 kPa): (a) Dr = 20%, (b) Dr = 50% and (c) Dr = 80%. Dr, relative density.

Effect of relative density on shear strength in glass fibre-reinforced sand. Dr, relative density.

Effect of glass fibre content on vertical displacement (σn = 100 kPa): (a) Dr = 20%, (b) Dr = 50% and (c) Dr = 80%. Dr, relative density.

Effect of polypropylene fibre content on sand shear strength (σn = 100 kPa): (a) Dr = 20%, (b) Dr = 50% and (c) Dr = 80%. Dr, relative density.

Effect of polypropylene fibre content on vertical deformation of sand (σn = 100 kPa): (a) Dr = 20%, (b) Dr = 50% and (c) Dr = 80%. Dr, relative density.

Comparison between glass fibres and polypropylene fibres and their effect on stress/strain curves (σn = 100 kPa and ρf = 0.3%): (a) Dr = 50% and (b) Dr = 80%. Dr, relative density.

Effect of different fibre types on maximum shear strength: (a) fibre content = 0.15% and (b) fibre content = 0.3%.

Comparison between glass fibres and polypropylene fibres in terms of variations in vertical displacements (σn = 100 kPa and ρf = 0.3%): (a) Dr = 50% and (b) Dr = 80%. Dr, relative density.

Effect of glass fibre content on shear strength of fibre-cemented sand (CC = 2.5%, σn = 100 kPa, w = 10%): (a) Dr = 80% and (b) Dr = 50%. CC, cement content; Dr, relative density.

Effect of glass fibre content on shear strength of fibre-cemented sand (CC = 5%, σn = 100 kPa, w = 10%): (a) Dr = 80% and (b) Dr = 50%. CC, cement content; Dr, relative density.

Effect of glass fibre content on shear strength of cemented sand (CC = 7.5%, σn = 100 kPa, w = 10%): (a) Dr = 80% and (b) Dr = 50%. CC, cement content; Dr, relative density.

Effect of glass fibre content on shear strength of cemented sand (CC = 10%, σn = 100 kPa, w = 10%): (a) Dr = 80% and (b) Dr = 50%. CC, cement content; Dr, relative density.

Effect of glass fibre content on vertical displacement of cemented sand (σn = 100 kPa, w = 10%, Dr = 80%): (a) CC = 2.5%, (b) CC = 5%, (c) CC = 7.5% and (d) CC = 10%. CC, cement content; Dr, relative density.

Variation in maximum shear strength according to cement content (Dr = 80%, ρf = 0.15%). Dr, relative density.

Effect of cement content on glass fibre-reinforced sand–cement mixtures (Dr = 80%): (a) variation in cohesion and (b) variation in internal friction angle. Dr, relative density.

Physical characteristics of Chlef sand_

Materials used	CC (%)	G_S	D₅₀ (mm)	C_U	C_CURV	e_min	e_max
Chlef sand	0	2.7	0.45	2.34	1.39	0.582	0.873

Chemical and mineralogical compositions of the cement [25]_

CEM II/A 42.5
Chemical compositions (%)		Mineralogical compositions (%)
SiO₂	20.58	C₃S	57.79
Al₂O₃	4.90
Fe₂O₃	4.70	C₂S	20.47
CaO	62.8
SO₃	2.28	C₃A	7.20
MgO	0.53
K₂O	0.42	C₄AF	11.49
Na₂O	0.12
Free lime	2.17

Physicomechanical characteristics of the glass fibres used [29]_

Name	Unit	Glass fibres	Polypropylene fibres
Colour	–	White	White
Width	mm	0.12	0.03
Thickness	mm	0.013	–
Specific gravity	–	2.62	0.96
Specific weight	g/m²	300	–
Tensile strength	MPa	2500	500–750
Poisson coefficient	–	0.35	–
Shear modulus	GPa	29.2	–
Young modulus	GPa	73	2.9–3.8

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2025-0005 | Journal eISSN: 2083-831X | Journal ISSN: 0137-6365

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Language: English

Page range: 48 - 64

Submitted on: Jan 10, 2024

Accepted on: Jan 13, 2025

Published on: Mar 7, 2025

Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

soil reinforcement,

fibres,

sand-cement mixtures,

Related subjects:

Physics,

Mechanics and fluid dynamics

© 2025 Kheira Boutouba, Ismail Benessalah, Ahmed Arab, Ahmed Djafar Henni, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 47 (2025): Issue 1 (March 2025)

A Study of the Effect of Combined Cement and Fibre on Shear Strength Response of Chlef Sand

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Physical characteristics of Chlef sand_

Chemical and mineralogical compositions of the cement [25]_

Physicomechanical characteristics of the glass fibres used [29]_

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