References
- [1] Walsh A., Cóstola D., Labaki L. C. Review of methods for climatic zoning for building energy efficiency programs. Building and Environment 2017:112:337–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.11.04610.1016/j.buildenv.2016.11.046
- [2] Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on energy efficiency, amending Directives 2009/125/EC and 2010/30/EU and repealing Directives 2004/8/EC and 2006/32/EC. Official Journal of the European Union 2012:L 315/1.
- [3] Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs. Energy Use in Homes. 2005. [Online]. [Accessed: 14.03.2021]. Available: http://sciencesearch.defra.gov.uk/Default.aspx?Menu=Menu&Module=More&Location=None&Completed=0&ProjectID=15764
- [4] Ekström T., Bernardo R., Blomsterberg Å. Cost-effective passive house renovation packages for Swedish single-family houses from the 1960s and 1970s. Energy Buildings 2018:161:89–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.12.01810.1016/j.enbuild.2017.12.018
- [5] Qiu Y., Kahn M. E. Impact of voluntary green certification on building energy performance. Energy Economics 2019:80:461–475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.01.03510.1016/j.eneco.2019.01.035
- [6] Güneralp B., et al. Global scenarios of urban density and its impacts on building energy use through 2050. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the Unated States of Amrecia 2017:114(34):8945–8950. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.160603511410.1073/pnas.1606035114557677528069957
- [7] Yang X., Zhang S., Xu W. Impact of zero energy buildings on medium-to-long term building energy consumption in China. Energy Policy 2019:129:574–586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.02.02510.1016/j.enpol.2019.02.025
- [8] Borodinecs A., Dzelzitis E., Kreslins A. General Requirements for the Energy Performance of Buildings in Latvia. Proceedings of Clima 2007 WellBeing Indoors 2007:321:1043
- [9] Ozolinsh A., Jakovics A. Risks of condensate formation and mould growth in buildings under Latvian climate conditions. Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 2013:44–53. https://doi.org/102478/ljpts-2013-0032
- [10] Xu C., Li S., Zou K. Study of heat and moisture transfer in internal and external wall insulation configurations. Journal of Building Engineering 2019:24:100724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.02.01610.1016/j.jobe.2019.02.016
- [11] Borodinecs, A., et al. Hydrothermal performance of the external wooded frame wall structure reinforced with ballistic panels. E3S Web of Conferences 2020:172:07005. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20201720700510.1051/e3sconf/202017207005
- [12] Žogla G., et al. Energy Efficiency Improvement Potential in Historical Brick Building. Enviromental and Climate Technologies 2013 Conference proceedings 2013:3:60–65. https://doi.org/10.7250/iscect.2013.01110.7250/iscect.2013.011
- [13] Ozoliņa L., Dobrāja K., Rošā M. The Design of Support Program for Energy Efficiency Improvement in Latvian Industry. Environmental and Climate Technologies 2013 Conference proceedings 2013:3:49–59. https://doi.org/10.7250/iscect.2013.01010.7250/iscect.2013.010
- [14] Borodinecs A., Geikins A., Smirnov S. Energy performance of temporary shelters. IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering 2019:660(1):012017. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/660/1/01201710.1088/1757-899X/660/1/012017
- [15] Geikins A., et al. Typology of Unclassified Buildings and Specifics of Input Parameters for Energy Audits in Latvia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019:290(1):012131. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/290/1/01213110.1088/1755-1315/290/1/012131
- [16] Borodinecs A., et al. Retrofitting of fire stations in cold climate regions. Magazine of Civil Engineering 2019:90(6):85–92. https://doi.org/10.18720/MCE.90.8
- [17] Kumar D., et al. Comparative analysis of building insulation material properties and performance. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2020:131:110038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.11003810.1016/j.rser.2020.110038
- [18] Tettey U. Y. A., Dodoo A., Gustavsson L. Primary energy implications of different wall insulation materials for buildings in a cold climate. Energy Procedia 2014:61:1204–1207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.105610.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.1056
- [19] Petrovic B., et al. Life cycle assessment of a wooden single-family house in Sweden. Applied Energy 2019:251:113253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.05.05610.1016/j.apenergy.2019.05.056
- [20] Chen J., et al. Global socioeconomic exposure of heat extremes under climate change. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020:277:123275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.12327510.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123275
- [21] Gorshkov A., Vatin N. I., Rymkevich P. P. Climate change and the thermal island effect in the millionplus city. Construction of Unique Buildings and Structures 2020:89:8902. https://doi.org/10.18720/CUBS.89.2
- [22] Pathan A., et al. Monitoring summer indoor overheating in the London housing stock. Energy Buildings 2017:141:361–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.02.04910.1016/j.enbuild.2017.02.049
- [23] Laouadi A., Bartko M. Lacasse M. A. A new methodology of evaluation of overheating in buildings. Energy Buildings 2020:226:110360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.11036010.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110360
- [24] Prozuments A., Borodinecs A., Zemitis J. Survey Based Evaluation of Indoor Environment in an Administrative Military Facility. Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering 2020:27(2):96–107. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.27.2.2607910.5755/j01.sace.27.2.26079
- [25] Baiburin A. K., et al. Heat loss through the window frames of buildings. Magazine of Civil Engineering 2019:85(1):3–14. https://doi.org/10.18720/MCE.85.1
- [26] Tafakkori R., Fattahi A. Introducing novel configurations for double-glazed windows with lower energy loss. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2021:43:100919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2020.10091910.1016/j.seta.2020.100919
- [27] Aburas M., et al. Thermochromic smart window technologies for building application: A review. Applied Energy 2019:255:113522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.11352210.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113522
- [28] Huo H., et al. Analysis and optimization of external venetian blind shading for nearly zero-energy buildings in different climate regions of China. Solar Energy 2021:223:54–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2021.05.04610.1016/j.solener.2021.05.046
- [29] Nikoofard S., Ugursal V. I., Beausoleil-Morrison I. Effect of external shading on household energy requirement for heating and cooling in Canada. Energy Buildings 2011:43(7):1627–1635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.03.00310.1016/j.enbuild.2011.03.003
- [30] Offiong A., Ukpoho A. U. External window shading treatment effects on internal environmental temperature of buildings. Renewable Energy 2004:29(14):2153–2165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2003.11.01510.1016/j.renene.2003.11.015
- [31] Santos-Herrero J. M., Lopez-Guede J. M., Flores-Abascal I. Modeling, simulation and control tools for nZEB: A state-of-the-art review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2021:142:110851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.11085110.1016/j.rser.2021.110851
- [32] Godish T. Relationships between ventilation and indoor air quality: A review. Indoor Air 1996:6(2):135–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.1996.00010.x10.1111/j.1600-0668.1996.00010.x
- [33] Seppänen O. A. Association of ventilation rates and CO2 concentrations with health and other responses in commercial and institutional buildings. Indoor Air 1999:9(4):226–252. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.1999.00003.x10.1111/j.1600-0668.1999.00003.x
- [34] Engvall K., Wickman P., Norbäck D. Sick building syndrome and perceived indoor environment in relation to energy saving by reduced ventilation flow during heating season: A 1 year intervention study in dwellings. Indoor Air 2005:15(2):120–126. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00325.x10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00325.x
- [35] Zhao L., Liu J. Operating behavior and corresponding performance of mechanical ventilation systems in Chinese residential buildings. Building Environment 2020:170:106600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.10660010.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106600
- [36] Jiang Y., Chen Q. Study of natural ventilation in buildings by large eddy simulation. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 2001:89(13):1155–1178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(01)00106-410.1016/S0167-6105(01)00106-4
- [37] Cao X., Dai X., Liu J. Building energy-consumption status worldwide and the state-of-the-art technologies for zero-energy buildings during the past decade. Energy and Buildings 2016:128:198–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.06.08910.1016/j.enbuild.2016.06.089
- [38] USA DoE, et al. An Assessment of Energy Technologies and Research Opportunities. Quadrennial Technology Review. Washington: DoE, 2015:143–181.
- [39] Rootzen J. Reducing Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the EU Power and Industry Sectors. Göteborg: Chalmers University of Technology, 2012.
- [40] European Commission. Going climate-neutral by 2050: A strategic long-term vision for a prosperous, modern, competitive and climate-neutral EU economy. Luxembourg: Publications office of the European Union, 2019.
- [41] Bardage S. L. Performance of buildings. Performance of Bio-based Building Materials 2017:335–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100982-6.00006-910.1016/B978-0-08-100982-6.00006-9
- [42] Ji Y., et al. Air infiltration rate of typical zones of public buildings under natural conditions. Sustainable Cities and Society 2020:61(1):102290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.10229010.1016/j.scs.2020.102290
- [43] Salehi A., Torres I., Ramos and A. Experimental analysis of building airtightness in traditional residential Portuguese buildings. Energy and Buildings 2017:151:198–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.06.03710.1016/j.enbuild.2017.06.037
- [44] Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers. TM59: Design methodology for the assessment of overheating risk in homes. London: CIBSE, 2017.
- [45] Alev Ü., et al. Renovation alternatives to improve energy performance of historic rural houses in the Baltic Sea region. Energy and Buildings 2014:77:58–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.03.04910.1016/j.enbuild.2014.03.049
- [46] Jokisalo J., et al. Building leakage, infiltration, and energy performance analyses for Finnish detached houses. Building and Environment 2009:44(2):377–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.03.01410.1016/j.buildenv.2008.03.014
- [47] Brinks P., Kornadt O., Oly R. Air infiltration assessment for industrial buildings. Energy and Buildings 2015:86:663–676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.10.04010.1016/j.enbuild.2014.10.040
- [48] Bjørneboe M. G., Svendsen S.,. Heller A. Evaluation of the renovation of a Danish single-family house based on measurements. Energy and Buildings 2017:150:189–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.04.05010.1016/j.enbuild.2017.04.050
- [49] Sakulpipatsin P., Boelman E. C., Cauberg H. Heat recovery in residential ventilation systems from an exergy perspective. Healthy Buildings: Creating a Healthy Indoor Environment for People, Proceedings 2006.
- [50] Ana Picallo-Perez I. G.-A., et al. Ventilation of buildings with heat recovery systems: Thorough energy and exergy analysis for indoor thermal wellness. Journal of Building Engineering 2021:39:102255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.10225510.1016/j.jobe.2021.102255
- [51] Tommerup H., Svendsen S. Energy savings in Danish residential building stock. Energy and Buildings 2006:38(6):618–626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2005.08.01710.1016/j.enbuild.2005.08.017
- [52] D’Agostino D., et al. Assessing Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) development in Europe. Energy Strategy Reviews 2021:36:100680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2021.10068010.1016/j.esr.2021.100680