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Cotton wool spots as the only fundoscopic manifestation of giant cell arteritis: A scoping review Cover

Cotton wool spots as the only fundoscopic manifestation of giant cell arteritis: A scoping review

Open Access
|Aug 2026

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for new systematic reviews which included searches of databases and registers only

Table 1:

The main characteristics of the sixteen included articles

Author, year, countryNo. of patientsDiagnosis
1. MacLeod JDA[17], 1993, UK1TAB+
2. Melberg NS[18], 1995, US7 (6a)TAB+
3. Asensio Sánchez VM[19], 2004, Spain2 (1a)TAB+
4. Velusami P[4], 2005, UK1TAB+
5. Daudin JB[20], 2006, France1TAB−
6. Jaggi[5], 2007, Switzerland2(2a)TAB+
7. Johnson MC[21], 2008, US1TAB+
8. Levin[22], 2011, US1TAB+
9. De Smit E[23], 2013, UK1TAB+
10. Thanos A[7], 2015, USA1TAB+
11. Gospe[24], 2017, US1TAB+
12. Virdee[25], 2019, UK1TAB+
13. Rai AS[26], 2020, Canada1TAB+
14. Fu L[27], 2022, UK1“Halo sign”b
15. Yagci BA[28], 2023, Turkey1TAB+
16. Pellegrini[29], 2023, Italy1TAB+

a Number of patients included in the scoping review

b “Halo sign” on Temporal Artery (TA) ultrasound”

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rjim-2026-0016 | Journal eISSN: 2501-062X (formerly 1220-4749) | Journal ISSN: 1220-4749
Language: English, Romanian
Submitted on: May 6, 2026
Published on: Aug 3, 2026
Published by: N.G. Lupu Internal Medicine Foundation
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2026 Ioana Teodora Vladareanu, Raluca Claudia Iancu, Ruxandra Coroleuca, Dan George Deleanu, Alexandra Vrapciu, Radu Zorel Filipescu, Andrada Elena Mirescu-Deleanu, Alina Popa-Cherecheanu, published by N.G. Lupu Internal Medicine Foundation
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.