Clinical features and hematological indices predicting all-cause mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis; a retrospective cohort study.

Karaaslan, Tahsin; Torun, Cundullah

doi:10.2478/rjim-2025-0020

Figures & Tables

Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve Analyses for Prognostic Biomarkers.

Kaplan–Meier Survival Analyses Based on Biomarker Cut-Off Values.

Relationship between hematological indices and mortality

		N	Mean	SD		p
Hemoglobin	survivor	59	10.9	1.6	1.73^¥	0.089
	non-survivor	21	10.1	1.8
	total	80	10.7	1.7
Neutrophil	survivor	59	5105.6	3915.3	361.5^¶	0.005
	non-survivor	21	6924.3	3221.3
	total	80	5583.0	3811.9
Lymphocyte	survivor	59	1415.1	548.9	309.5^¶	0.001
	non-survivor	21	966.7	470.5
	total	80	1297.4	562.8
NLR	survivor	59	3.92	3.15	210.0^¶	0.001
	non-survivor	21	9.12	6.80
	total	80	5.28	4.93
SII	survivor	59	825.3	1180.9	247.0^¶	0.001
	non-survivor	21	2110.7	1952.5
	total	80	1162.7	1520.8
PNI	survivor	59	45.88	5.52	5.41^¥	0.001
	non-survivor	21	37.59	7.3
	total	80	43.7	7.03
		n	%	Cut-off	X²	P
Lymphocyte categorical	survivor	21	35.6	<1145/mm³	8.04	0.005
	survivor	38	64.4	≥1145/mm³
	non-survivor	15	71.4	<1145/mm³
	non-survivor	6	28.6	≥1145/mm³
NLR categorical	survivor	43	72.9	<4.2	15.54	0.001
	survivor	16	27.1	≥4.2
	non-survivor	5	23.8	<4.2
	non-survivor	16	76.2	≥4.2
SII categorical	survivor	41	69.5	<703	16.01	0.001
	survivor	18	30.5	≥703
	non-survivor	4	19.0	<703
	non-survivor	17	81.0	≥703
PNI categorical	survivor	10	16.9	<41.45	24.77	0.001
	survivor	49	83.1	≥41.45
	non-survivor	16	76.2	<41.45
	non-survivor	10	23.8	≥41.45

Relationship between blood biochemical values and mortality

	Status	N	Mean	Total Mean	SD		p
Glucose (mg/dL)	Survivor	59	128.98	131.2	52.6	585.5^¶	0.710
Glucose (mg/dL)	Non-survivor	21	137.33	131.2	52.6	585.5^¶	0.710
Creatinine (mg/dL)	Survivor	59	7.85	7.30	2.4	3.7^¥	0.001
Creatinine (mg/dL)	Non-survivor	21	5.77	7.30	2.4	3.7^¥	0.001
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)	Survivor	59	7.53	8.09	3.5	382.5^¶	0.009
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)	Non-survivor	21	9.68	8.09	3.5	382.5^¶	0.009
Sodium (mEq/L)	Survivor	59	137.75	137.2	3.5	2.6^¥	0.012
Sodium (mEq/L)	Non-survivor	21	135.52	137.2	3.5	2.6^¥	0.012
Potassium (mEq/L)	Survivor	59	4.74	4.7	0.7	−0.08^¥	0.931
Potassium (mEq/L)	Non-survivor	21	4.76	4.7	0.7	−0.08^¥	0.931
dCa (mg/dL)	Survivor	59	8.57	8.6	0.7	−0.3^¥	0.775
dCa (mg/dL)	Non-survivor	21	8.62	8.6	0.7	−0.3^¥	0.775
Phosphorus (mg/dL)	Survivor	59	5.03	5.0	1.4	0.40^¥	0.693
Phosphorus (mg/dL)	Non-survivor	21	4.89	5.0	1.4	0.40^¥	0.693
CaxP	Survivor	59	42.66	42.5	11.5	0.18^¥	0.856
CaxP	Non-survivor	21	42.13	42.5	11.5	0.18^¥	0.856
Magnesium (mg/dL)	Survivor	34	2.10	2.1	0.3	1.31^¥	0.197
Magnesium (mg/dL)	Non-survivor	21	2.00	2.1	0.3	1.31^¥	0.197
LDH (U/L)	Survivor	28	253.64	265.2	90.4	214.0^¶	0.167
LDH (U/L)	Non-survivor	20	281.25	265.2	90.4	214.0^¶	0.167
Uric acid (mg/dL)	Survivor	59	5.55	5.5	1.6	519.0^¶	0.272
Uric acid (mg/dL)	Non-survivor	21	5.16	5.5	1.6	519.0^¶	0.272
BNP (ng/L)	Survivor	23	11957.6	13500.2	13087.6	107.5^¶	0.288
BNP (ng/L)	Non-survivor	12	16456.9	13500.2	13087.6	107.5^¶	0.288
PTH (ng/L)	Survivor	58	427.96	446.2	15.5	537.5^¶	0.427
PTH (ng/L)	Non-survivor	21	447.92	446.2	15.5	537.5^¶	0.427
Vitamin D (μg/L)	Survivor	48	18.21	12.8	3.2	192.0^¶	0.323
Vitamin D (μg/L)	Non-survivor	10	14.67	12.8	3.2	192.0^¶	0.323
HbA1C (%)	Survivor	37	6.11	6.1	1.3	0.13^¥	0.897
HbA1C (%)	Non-survivor	20	6.07	6.1	1.3	0.13^¥	0.897
Albumin (g/L)	Survivor	59	38.8	37.2	5.8	3.86^¥	0.001
Albumin (g/L)	Non-survivor	21	32.8	37.2	5.8	3.86^¥	0.001
Ferritin (μg/L)	Survivor	58	628.4	801.4	1107.7	559.0^¶	0.579
Ferritin (μg/L)	Non-survivor	21	1279.2	801.4	1107.7	559.0^¶	0.579
CRP (mg/L)	Survivor	59	18.8	44.3	76.5	230.5^¶	0.001
CRP (mg/L)	Non-survivor	21	108.5	44.3	76.5	230.5^¶	0.001
Kt/V	Survivor	59	1.59	1.57	0.39	0.97^¥	0.333
Kt/V	Non-survivor	21	1.50	1.57	0.39	0.97^¥	0.333

Demographic characteristics, duration of hemodialysis and comorbidities

		status	N	Mean ±SD	Median(IQR)	t	P
Age		Total	80	60.7±16.4		−1.89	0.062
		Survivor	59	58.6±16.6
		Non-survivor	21	66.4±14.6
BMI		Total	80	25.2±5.0		−0.47	0.637
		Survivor	59	25.0±4.9
		Non-survivor	21	25.6±5.3
HD duration (months)		Total	80		25.0 (9.75–83)	838.5^¶	0.895
		Survivor	59		26.0 (9–84)
		Non-survivor	21		24.0 (10–82)
Blood pressure (mmHg)	Syst.	Total	80	132.0±23.8		1.57	0.119
		Survivor	59	134.5±23.6
		Non-survivor	21	125.0±23.7
	Diast.	Total	80	77.4±12.2		0.34	0.735
		Survivor	59	77.7±12.8
		Non-survivor	21	76.6±10.4
Gender	Male	Total	56	%70.0		X²=6.79	0.009
		Survivor	46	%82.1
		Non-survivor	10	%17.9
	Female	Total	24	%30.0
		Survivor	13	%54.2
		Non-survivor	11	%45.8
Vascular Acces	AVF	Survivor	40	%80.0		X²=2.69	0.101
	AVF	Non-survivor	10	%20.0
	Kateter	Survivor	19	%63.3
	Kateter	Non-survivor	11	%36.7
Diabet	VAR	Survivor	19	%63,3		X²=2.69	0.101
	VAR	Non-survivor	11	%36.7
	YOK	Survivor	40	%80.0
	YOK	Non-survivor	10	%20.0
Hypertension	VAR	Survivor	44	%72.1		X²=0.35	0.555
	VAR	Non-survivor	17	%27.9
	YOK	Survivor	15	%78.9
	YOK	Non-survivor	4	%21.1
CAD	VAR	Survivor	16	%59.3		X²=4.42	0.036
	VAR	Non-survivor	11	%40.7
	YOK	Survivor	43	%81.1
	YOK	Non-survivor	10	%18.9
CHF	VAR	Survivor	12	%54.5		X²=5.78	0.016
	VAR	Non-survivor	10	%45.5
	YOK	Survivor	47	%81
	YOK	Non-survivor	11	%19

Independent variables predicting mortality in multiple logistic regression analysis

	B	S.E.	Wald	df	Sig.	Exp(B)	95% C.I. for EXP(B)
	B	S.E.	Wald	df	Sig.	Exp(B)	Lower	Upper
Gender (E=2)	2.033	0.967	4.420	1	0.036	7.640	1.148	50.87
Diabetes (0)	−0.554	0.806	0.472	1	0.492	0.575	0.118	2.79
CAD (0)	1.568	1.029	2.319	1	0.128	4.795	0.638	36.06
CHF (0)	1.022	0.852	1.438	1	0.230	2.779	0.523	14.77
Creatinine	−0.086	0.211	0.166	1	0.684	0.917	0.606	1.39
Sodium	−0.034	0.097	0.123	1	0.726	0.967	0.799	1.17
Magnesium	−0.695	1.292	0.289	1	0.591	0.499	0.040	6.28
Hemoglobin	0.157	0.221	0.504	1	0.478	1.170	0.758	1.81
Vascular_Acces (1)	0.693	0.781	0.788	1	0.375	2.000	0.433	9.24
Albumin	−0.154	0.076	4.181	1	0.041	0.857	0.739	0.99
Albumin Categorical (1)	1.859	1.007	3.404	1	0.065	6.415	0.891	46.208
NLR	0.200	0.088	5.169	1	0.023	1.222	1.028	1.452
NLR Categorical (1)	2.346	0.938	6.259	1	0.012	10.442	1.662	65.607
SII	0.000	0.000	1.849	1	0.174	1.0	1.0	1.0
SII Categorical (1)	1.941	0.788	6.063	1	0.014	6.964	1.486	32.643
PNI	−0.191	0.071	7.244	1	0.007	0.826	0.718	0.949
PNI Categorical (1)	3.532	1.166	9.178	1	0.002	34.176	3.479	335.72
Lymphocyte	−0.004	0.002	6.166	1	0.013	0.996	0.993	0.999
Lymph_Categorical(1)	2.652	1.042	6.482	1	0.011	14.179	1.841	109.20
Constant	10.440	13.514	0.597	1	0.440	34214.988

Clinical features and hematological indices predicting all-cause mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis; a retrospective cohort study.

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Relationship between hematological indices and mortality

Relationship between blood biochemical values and mortality

Demographic characteristics, duration of hemodialysis and comorbidities

Independent variables predicting mortality in multiple logistic regression analysis

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