References
- BRUSSELS B.I.D.-B.F. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas. 2021;10th edn.
- DAL CANTO E. Diabetes as a cardiovascular risk factor: an overview of global trends of macro and micro vascular complications. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019;26(2_suppl):25–32.
- FAN J., WATANABE T. Atherosclerosis: known and unknown. Pathol Int. 2022;72(3):151–60.
- KOTLYAROV S. Immune function of endothelial cells: evolutionary aspects, molecular biology and role in atherogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(17).
- KALRA S., RAIZADA N. Dyslipidemia in diabetes. Indian Heart J. 2023;76 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S80–S82.
- WESTERGREN H.U., SVEDLUND S., MOMO R.A., BLOMSTER J.I., WÅHLANDER K., REHNSTRÖM E., et al. Insulin resistance, endothelial function, angiogenic factors and clinical outcome in non-diabetic patients with chest pain without myocardial perfusion defects. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016;15:36.
- HOPKINS B.D., GONCALVES M.D., CANTLEY L.C. Insulin-PI3K signalling: an evolutionarily insulated metabolic driver of cancer. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2020;16(5):276–83.
- KAUR R., KAUR M., SINGH J. Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2018;17(1):121.
- TAHAPARY D.L., PRATISTHITA L.B., FITRI N.A., MARCELLA C., WAFA S., KURNIAWAN F., et al. Challenges in the diagnosis of insulin resistance: focusing on the role of HOMA-IR and triglyceride/glucose index. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2022;16(8):102581.
- WANG F., CHEN F.F., SHANG Y.Y., LI Y., WANG Z.H., HAN L., et al. Insulin resistance adipocyte-derived exosomes aggravate atherosclerosis by increasing vasa vasorum angiogenesis in diabetic ApoE(-/-) mice. Int J Cardiol. 2018;265:181–7.
- AMBREEN S., FATIMA S., ELWAKIEL A., RANA R., SINGH K., GUPTA A., et al. Hypercoagulability impairs plaque stability in diabetes-induced atherosclerosis. Nutrients. 2022;14(10).
- CLYNE A.M. Endothelial response to glucose: dysfunction, metabolism, and transport. Biochem Soc Trans. 2021;49(1):313–25.
- IACOBINI C., VITALE M., PESCE C., PUGLIESE G., MENINI S. Diabetic complications and oxidative stress: a 20-year voyage back in time and back to the future. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021;10(5).
- SHAH MS., BROWNLEE M. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of cardiovascular disorders in diabetes. Circ Res. 2016;118(11):1808–29.
- SUMMERHILL V.I., GRECHKO A.V., YET S.F., SOBENIN I.A., OREKHOV A.N. The atherogenic role of circulating modified lipids in atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(14).
- LI X., KUMAR A., CARMELIET P. Metabolic pathways fueling the endothelial cell drive. Annu Rev Physiol. 2019;81:483–503.
- HAGENSEN M.K., MORTENSEN M.B., KJOLBY M., PALMFELDT J., BENTZON J.F., GREGERSEN S. Increased retention of LDL from type 1 diabetic patients in atherosclerosis-prone areas of the murine arterial wall. Atherosclerosis. 2019;286:156–62.
- BESSUEILLE L., MAGNE D. Inflammation: a culprit for vascular calcification in atherosclerosis and diabetes. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2015;72(13):2475–89.
- KATAKAMI N. Mechanism of development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2017;25(1):27–39.
- PIANI F., TOSSETTA G., CARA-FUENTES G., AGNOLETTI D., MARZIONI D., BORGHI C. Diagnostic and prognostic role of CD93 in cardiovascular disease: a systematic review. Biomolecules. 2023;13(6).
- BASATEMUR G.L., JØRGENSEN H.F., CLARKE M.C.H., BENNETT M.R., MALLAT Z. Vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2019;16(12):727–44.
- WAUTIER JL., WAUTIER MP. Cellular and molecular aspects of blood cell-endothelium interactions in vascular disorders. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(15).
- SINGH VP., BALI A., SINGH N., JAGGI AS. Advanced glycation end products and diabetic complications. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014;18(1):1–14.
- BARUTTA F., BELLINI S., MASTROCOLA R., BRUNO G., GRUDEN G. MicroRNA and microvascular complications of diabetes. Int J Endocrinol. 2018;2018:6890501.
- SORO-PAAVONEN A., WATSON AM., LI J., PAAVONEN K., KOITKA A., CALKIN AC., et al. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) deficiency attenuates the development of atherosclerosis in diabetes. Diabetes. 2008;57(9):2461–9.
- OTT C., JACOBS K., HAUCKE E., NAVARRETE SANTOS A., GRUNE T., SIMM A. Role of advanced glycation end products in cellular signaling. Redox Biol. 2014;2:411–29.
- XUE J., RAY R., SINGER D., BÖHME D., BURZ DS., RAI V., et al. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) specifically recognizes methylglyoxal-derived AGEs. Biochemistry. 2014;53(20):3327–35.
- WONG ND. Cardiovascular risk assessment: the foundation of preventive cardiology. Am J Prev Cardiol. 2020;1:100008.
- O'SULLIVAN JW., RAGHAVAN S., MARQUEZ-LUNA C., LUZUM JA., DAMRAUER SM., ASHLEY EA., et al. Polygenic risk scores for cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2022;146(8):e93–e118.
- RAO AS., KNOWLES JW. Polygenic risk scores in coronary artery disease. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2019;34(4):435–40.
- VASSY JL., POSNER DC., HO YL., GAGNON DR., GALLOWAY A., TANUKONDA V., et al. Cardiovascular disease risk assessment using traditional risk factors and polygenic risk scores in the Million Veteran Program. JAMA Cardiol. 2023;8(6):564–74.
- DZIOPA K., ASSELBERGS FW., GRATTON J., CHATURVEDI N., SCHMIDT AF. Cardiovascular risk prediction in type 2 diabetes: a comparison of 22 risk scores in primary care settings. Diabetologia. 2022;65(4):644–56.
- BARKAS F., SENER YZ., GOLFOROUSH PA., KHEIRKHAH A., RODRIGUEZ-SANCHEZ E., NOVAK J., et al. Advancements in risk stratification and management strategies in primary cardiovascular prevention. Atherosclerosis. 2024;395:117579.
- HISAMATSU T., KINUTA M. Coronary artery calcium in assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk and its role in primary prevention. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2023;30(10):1289–302.
- JOSHI MB., LAD A., BHARATH PRASAD AS., BALAKRISHNAN A., RAMACHANDRA L., SATYAMOORTHY K. High glucose modulates IL-6 mediated immune homeostasis through impeding neutrophil extracellular trap formation. FEBS Lett. 2013;587(14):2241–6.
- DEHGHANBANDAKI H., DODANGEH S., PARHIZKAR ROUDSARI P., HOSSEINKHANI S., KHASHAYAR P., NOORCHENARBOO M., et al. Metabolomics profile and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023;10:1161761.
- LUCA SA., BUNGAU RM., LAZAR S., POTRE O., TIMAR B. To what extent does cardiovascular risk classification of patients with type 2 diabetes differ between European guidelines from 2023, 2021, and 2019? A cross-sectional study. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024;60(2).
- SUGAMATA W., NAKAMURA T., UEMATSU M., KITTA Y., FUJIOKA D., SAITO Y., et al. Combined assessment of flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity improves the prediction of future coronary events in patients with chronic coronary artery disease. J Cardiol. 2014;64(3):179–84.
- LI L., YU H., ZHU J., WU X., LIU F., ZHANG F., et al. The combination of carotid and lower extremity ultrasonography increases the detection of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients. J Diabetes Complications. 2012;26(1):23–8.
- GUIMARÃES J., DE ALMEIDA J., MENDES P.L., FERREIRA M.J., GONÇALVES L. Advancements in non-invasive imaging of atherosclerosis: future perspectives. J Clin Lipidol. 2023;18(2):e142–e152.
- ANTONOPOULOS AS., SANNA F., SABHARWAL N., THOMAS S., OIKONOMOU E.K., HERDMAN L., et al. Detecting human coronary inflammation by imaging perivascular fat. Sci Transl Med. 2017;9(398).
- MINTZ GS., NISSEN SE., ANDERSON WD., BAILEY SR., ERBEL R., FITZGERALD PJ., et al. American College of Cardiology clinical expert consensus document on standards for acquisition, measurement and reporting of intravascular ultrasound studies (IVUS). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37(5):1478–92.
- CURY RC., LEIPSIC J., ABBARA S., ACHENBACH S., BERMAN D., BITTENCOURT M., et al. CAD-RADS™ 2.0 - 2022 coronary artery disease-reporting and data system: an expert consensus document of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT), the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the American College of Radiology (ACR), and the North America Society of Cardiovascular Imaging (NASCI). J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2022;16(6):536–57.
- PATEL KV., BUDOFF MJ., VALERO-ELIZONDO J., LAHAN S., ALI SS., TAHA MB., et al. Coronary atherosclerosis across the glycemic spectrum among asymptomatic adults: the Miami Heart Study at Baptist Health South Florida. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2023;16(10):e015314.
- WÜST R.C.I., CALCAGNO C., DAAL M.R.R., NEDERVEEN A.J., COOLEN B.F., STRIJKERS G.J. Emerging magnetic resonance imaging techniques for atherosclerosis imaging. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019;39(5):841–9.
- VAN DER VALK F.M., VERWEIJ S.L., ZWINDERMAN K.A., STRANG A.C., KAISER Y., MARQUERING H.A., et al. Thresholds for arterial wall inflammation quantified by (18)F-FDG PET imaging: implications for vascular interventional studies. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9(10):1198–207.
- STONE G.W., MAEHARA A., LANSKY A.J., DE BRUYNE B., CRISTEA E., MINTZ G.S., et al. A prospective natural-history study of coronary atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(3):226–35.
- TEARNEY G.J., REGAR E., AKASAKA T., ADRIAENSSENS T., BARLIS P., BEZERRA H.G., et al. Consensus standards for acquisition, measurement, and reporting of intravascular optical coherence tomography studies: a report from the International Working Group for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Standardization and Validation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(12):1058–72.
- WAXMAN S., DIXON S.R., L'ALLIER P., MOSES J.W., PETERSEN J.L., CUTLIP D., et al. In vivo validation of a catheter-based near-infrared spectroscopy system for detection of lipid core coronary plaques: initial results of the SPECTACL study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(7):858–68.
- TADA H., YEO K.K., LI J.J., TAN K., AKO J., KRITTAYAPHONG R., et al. Polygenic risk scores for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the Asia-Pacific region. JACC Asia. 2021;1(3):294–302.