Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Circulating miR-29 and miR-320 as biomarkers of clinical compensation in ischaemic and non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy Cover

Circulating miR-29 and miR-320 as biomarkers of clinical compensation in ischaemic and non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy

Romanian Journal of Cardiology
AHEAD OF PRINT
By: ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Jun 2026
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of IDCM and NIDCM patients.

VariableIDCM (n = 46)NIDCM (n = 44)p-value
Age (years), mean ± SD58.61 ± 7.2053.91 ± 8.930.007
Sex (male), n (%)26 (56.5)26 (59.1)0.80
HTN, n (%)34 (73.9)3 (6.8)<0.001
DM, n (%)18 (39.1)3 (6.8)<0.001
Smoking, n (%)30 (65.2)6 (13.6)<0.001
EF (%), mean ± SD32.59 ± 4.5732.05 ± 6.970.67
LVEDD (mm), mean ± SD66.43 ± 5.8065.95 ± 6.990.72
LVESD (mm), mean ± SD56.54 ± 6.1155.64 ± 11.180.64
IVS (cm), mean ± SD0.89 ± 0.210.79 ± 0.110.006
Compensated status, n (%)27 (58.7)22 (50.0)0.47
NYHA class, n (%)
• I19 (41.3)15 (34.1)—
• II8 (17.4)7 (15.9)—
• III9 (19.6)16 (36.4)—
• IV10 (21.7)6 (13.6)—
NYHA III–IV, n (%)19 (41.3)22 (50.0)0.31
Lower-limb oedema, n (%)24 (52.2)29 (65.9)0.25
Pulmonary rales, n (%)7 (15.2)8 (18.2)0.78
Elevated JVP, n (%)16 (34.8)14 (31.8)0.81
Orthopnoea, n (%)19 (41.3)24 (54.5)0.27
Heart rate (bpm), mean ± SD81.22 ± 9.7785.34 ± 11.700.074
Systolic BP (mmHg), mean ± SD128.22 ± 12.09114.77 ± 14.06<0.001
Diastolic BP (mmHg), mean ± SD80.26 ± 6.0872.27 ± 6.77<0.001

1 Values are presented as mean ± SD or n (%). Continuous variables were compared using independent-samples t test. Categorical variables were compared using chi-square test.

1 BP, blood pressure; bpm, beats per minute; DM, diabetes mellitus; EF, ejection fraction; HTN, hypertension; IDCM, ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; IVS, interventricular septum; JVP, Jugular venous pressure; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter; NIDCM, non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2

Distribution of congestion findings by NYHA class within each aetiology.

ParameterIDCM (NYHA I–II)IDCM (NYHA III–IV)NIDCM NYHA I–IINIDCM NYHA III–IV
LL oedema11 (40.7%)13 (68.4%)10 (45.5%)19 (86.4%)
Pulmonary rales0 (0.0%)7 (36.8%)0 (0.0%)8 (36.4%)
Elevated JVP6 (22.2%)10 (52.6%)1 (4.5%)13 (59.1%)
Orthopnoea2 (7.4%)17 (89.5%)3 (13.6%)21 (95.5%)

1 IDCM, ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; JVP, Jugular venous pressure; NIDCM, non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy; NYHA, New York Heart Association.

Table 3

Comparison of circulating miR-29 and miR-320 levels across study groups.

miRNAControls (n = 30) Median (IQR)IDCM (n = 46) Median (IQR)NIDCM (n = 44) Median (IQR)IDCM vs Controls (p-value)NIDCM vs Controls (p-value)IDCM vs NIDCM (p-value)
miR-292.96 (2.1–3.7)14.72 (7.8–29.5)1.48 (0.6–2.9)<0.0010.76<0.001
miR-3200.98 (0.6–1.5)8.17 (3.2–17.4)2.28 (1.2–3.8)0.0030.0090.087

1 Continuous variables are presented as median (IQR). Comparisons between groups were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. IDCM, ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; IQR, interquartile range; miR, microRNA; NIDCM, non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Figure 1

(a) Log10-transformed serum miR-29 expression among studied groups, (b) Log10-transformed serum miR-320 expression among studied groups. IDCM, ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; miR, microRNA; NIDCM, non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Table 4

Comparison of miR-29 and miR-320 levels in compensated versus decompensated patients.

miRNAGroupCompensated Median (IQR)Decompensated Median (IQR)p-value
miR-29IDCM42.81 (8.64–2429.96)4.99 (0.86–13.09)0.024
NIDCM2.14 (0.21–7.36)1.62 (0.59–13.82)0.664
miR-320IDCM13.64 (1.51–58.89)8.17 (0.91–12.82)0.184
NIDCM0.91 (0.80–3.58)4.17 (1.19–16.28)0.027

1 Continuous variables are presented as median (IQR). Comparisons between compensated and decompensated groups were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test.

1 IDCM, ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; IQR, interquartile range; miR, microRNA; NIDCM, non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Figure 2

(a) Comparison of miR-29 levels in compensated vs decompensated patients in IDCM log10 scale, (b) Comparison of miR-320 levels in compensated vs decompensated patients in NIDCM on log10 scale. IDCM, ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; miR, microRNA; NIDCM, non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Table 5

Correlation of miR-29 and miR-320 with age and cardiovascular risk factors.

Risk factorIDCM miR-29NIDCM miR-29IDCM miR-320NIDCM miR-320
Age (spearman)r = 0.090, p = 0.551r = 0.005, p = 0.974r = –0.146, p = 0.332r = –0.127, p = 0.410
HTN (median yes/no)13.09/55.34, p = 0.4300.96/1.52, p = 0.5603.18/47.83, p = 0.0170.91/2.55, p = 0.058
DM (median yes/no)8.17/23.93, p = 0.6931.80/1.43, p = 0.9268.17/8.41, p = 0.7964.17/2.01, p = 0.907
Smoker (median yes/no)14.72/25.49, p = 0.2172.38/1.47, p = 0.8519.65/6.17, p = 0.3152.50/2.01, p = 0.850

1 Correlations between miRNA levels and age were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation. Comparisons of miRNA levels across binary risk factors were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test.

1 DM, diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; IDCM, ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; miR, microRNA; NIDCM, non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rjc-2026-0013 | Journal eISSN: 2734-6382 | Journal ISSN: 1220-658X
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Published on: Jun 1, 2026
Published by: Romanian Society of Cardiology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy,
non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy,
clinical compensation,
miR-29,
miR-320
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Clinical medicine,
Internal medicine,
Cardiology,
Pediatrics and juvenile medicine,
Paediatric cardiology,
Surgery,
Cardiac surgery

© 2026 Mark Onsy Dimitry, Osama Louis, Solaf Ahmed Kamel, Eman Mahmoud Hassan, Rasha Nazih, Sally M. Hafez, Amira N. Ahmed, Amira Fawzy Soliman, Eman Awadallah, published by Romanian Society of Cardiology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

AHEAD OF PRINT
Next article