Circulating miR-29 and miR-320 as biomarkers of clinical compensation in ischaemic and non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy

Mark Onsy Dimitry; Osama Louis; Solaf Ahmed Kamel; Eman Mahmoud Hassan; Rasha Nazih; Sally M. Hafez; Amira N. Ahmed; Amira Fawzy Soliman; Eman Awadallah

doi:10.2478/rjc-2026-0013

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Circulating miR-29 and miR-320 as biomarkers of clinical compensation in ischaemic and non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy

Romanian Journal of Cardiology

AHEAD OF PRINT

By: Mark Onsy Dimitry, Osama Louis, Solaf Ahmed Kamel, Eman Mahmoud Hassan, Rasha Nazih, Sally M. Hafez, Amira N. Ahmed, Amira Fawzy Soliman and Eman Awadallah

Open Access

|Jun 2026

Figures & Tables

(a) Log10-transformed serum miR-29 expression among studied groups, (b) Log10-transformed serum miR-320 expression among studied groups. IDCM, ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; miR, microRNA; NIDCM, non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy.

(a) Comparison of miR-29 levels in compensated vs decompensated patients in IDCM log10 scale, (b) Comparison of miR-320 levels in compensated vs decompensated patients in NIDCM on log10 scale. IDCM, ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy; miR, microRNA; NIDCM, non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Distribution of congestion findings by NYHA class within each aetiology_

Parameter	IDCM (NYHA I–II)	IDCM (NYHA III–IV)	NIDCM NYHA I–II	NIDCM NYHA III–IV
LL oedema	11 (40.7%)	13 (68.4%)	10 (45.5%)	19 (86.4%)
Pulmonary rales	0 (0.0%)	7 (36.8%)	0 (0.0%)	8 (36.4%)
Elevated JVP	6 (22.2%)	10 (52.6%)	1 (4.5%)	13 (59.1%)
Orthopnoea	2 (7.4%)	17 (89.5%)	3 (13.6%)	21 (95.5%)

Comparison of miR-29 and miR-320 levels in compensated versus decompensated patients_

miRNA	Group	Compensated Median (IQR)	Decompensated Median (IQR)	p-value
miR-29	IDCM	42.81 (8.64–2429.96)	4.99 (0.86–13.09)	0.024
miR-29	NIDCM	2.14 (0.21–7.36)	1.62 (0.59–13.82)	0.664
miR-320	IDCM	13.64 (1.51–58.89)	8.17 (0.91–12.82)	0.184
miR-320	NIDCM	0.91 (0.80–3.58)	4.17 (1.19–16.28)	0.027

Comparison of circulating miR-29 and miR-320 levels across study groups_

miRNA	Controls (n = 30) Median (IQR)	IDCM (n = 46) Median (IQR)	NIDCM (n = 44) Median (IQR)	IDCM vs Controls (p-value)	NIDCM vs Controls (p-value)	IDCM vs NIDCM (p-value)
miR-29	2.96 (2.1–3.7)	14.72 (7.8–29.5)	1.48 (0.6–2.9)	<0.001	0.76	<0.001
miR-320	0.98 (0.6–1.5)	8.17 (3.2–17.4)	2.28 (1.2–3.8)	0.003	0.009	0.087

Correlation of miR-29 and miR-320 with age and cardiovascular risk factors_

Risk factor	IDCM miR-29	NIDCM miR-29	IDCM miR-320	NIDCM miR-320
Age (spearman)	r = 0.090, p = 0.551	r = 0.005, p = 0.974	r = –0.146, p = 0.332	r = –0.127, p = 0.410
HTN (median yes/no)	13.09/55.34, p = 0.430	0.96/1.52, p = 0.560	3.18/47.83, p = 0.017	0.91/2.55, p = 0.058
DM (median yes/no)	8.17/23.93, p = 0.693	1.80/1.43, p = 0.926	8.17/8.41, p = 0.796	4.17/2.01, p = 0.907
Smoker (median yes/no)	14.72/25.49, p = 0.217	2.38/1.47, p = 0.851	9.65/6.17, p = 0.315	2.50/2.01, p = 0.850

Baseline characteristics of IDCM and NIDCM patients_

Variable	IDCM (n = 46)	NIDCM (n = 44)	p-value
Age (years), mean ± SD	58.61 ± 7.20	53.91 ± 8.93	0.007
Sex (male), n (%)	26 (56.5)	26 (59.1)	0.80
HTN, n (%)	34 (73.9)	3 (6.8)	<0.001
DM, n (%)	18 (39.1)	3 (6.8)	<0.001
Smoking, n (%)	30 (65.2)	6 (13.6)	<0.001
EF (%), mean ± SD	32.59 ± 4.57	32.05 ± 6.97	0.67
LVEDD (mm), mean ± SD	66.43 ± 5.80	65.95 ± 6.99	0.72
LVESD (mm), mean ± SD	56.54 ± 6.11	55.64 ± 11.18	0.64
IVS (cm), mean ± SD	0.89 ± 0.21	0.79 ± 0.11	0.006
Compensated status, n (%)	27 (58.7)	22 (50.0)	0.47
NYHA class, n (%)
• I	19 (41.3)	15 (34.1)	—
• II	8 (17.4)	7 (15.9)	—
• III	9 (19.6)	16 (36.4)	—
• IV	10 (21.7)	6 (13.6)	—
NYHA III–IV, n (%)	19 (41.3)	22 (50.0)	0.31
Lower-limb oedema, n (%)	24 (52.2)	29 (65.9)	0.25
Pulmonary rales, n (%)	7 (15.2)	8 (18.2)	0.78
Elevated JVP, n (%)	16 (34.8)	14 (31.8)	0.81
Orthopnoea, n (%)	19 (41.3)	24 (54.5)	0.27
Heart rate (bpm), mean ± SD	81.22 ± 9.77	85.34 ± 11.70	0.074
Systolic BP (mmHg), mean ± SD	128.22 ± 12.09	114.77 ± 14.06	<0.001
Diastolic BP (mmHg), mean ± SD	80.26 ± 6.08	72.27 ± 6.77	<0.001

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rjc-2026-0013 | Journal eISSN: 2734-6382 | Journal ISSN: 1220-658X

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Language: English

Published on: Jun 1, 2026

Published by: Romanian Society of Cardiology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy,

non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy,

clinical compensation,

miR-29,

Related subjects:

Surgery,

Pediatrics and juvenile medicine,

Paediatric cardiology

© 2026 Mark Onsy Dimitry, Osama Louis, Solaf Ahmed Kamel, Eman Mahmoud Hassan, Rasha Nazih, Sally M. Hafez, Amira N. Ahmed, Amira Fawzy Soliman, Eman Awadallah, published by Romanian Society of Cardiology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

AHEAD OF PRINT

Circulating miR-29 and miR-320 as biomarkers of clinical compensation in ischaemic and non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Figure 2

Distribution of congestion findings by NYHA class within each aetiology_

Comparison of miR-29 and miR-320 levels in compensated versus decompensated patients_

Comparison of circulating miR-29 and miR-320 levels across study groups_

Correlation of miR-29 and miR-320 with age and cardiovascular risk factors_

Baseline characteristics of IDCM and NIDCM patients_

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