Structural and Functional Characteristics of Myocardium in Patients with Precapillary Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension_
| Parameter | Group 1 (n=32) | Group 2 (n=27) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| LV eccentricity index | 1.69 ± 0.08 | 1.68 ± 0.10 | 0.960 |
| PA diameter, mm | 30.1 ± 1.17 | 31.27 ± 2.36 | 0.661 |
| Sm cor | 10.2 ± 0.6 | 11.24 ± 0.82 | 0.298 |
| TAPSE, mm | 16.17 ± 1.18 | 20.05 ± 1.29 | 0.032 |
| RA ESA index, cm2/m2 | 11.38 ± 0.77 | 11.34 ± 0.72 | 0.736 |
| RA EDA index, cm2/m2 | 9.63 ± 0.84 | 9.22 ± 0.75 | 0.721 |
| LA ESA index, cm2/m2 | 7.26 ± 0.27 | 9.06 ± 0.61 | 0.012 |
| LA EDA index, cm2/m2 | 6.16 ± 0.28 | 7.35 ± 0.47 | 0.036 |
| LA ESA ≤ EDA | 14 (43.7%) | 9 (33.3%) | 0.413 |
| LA ESV index, mL/m2 | 16.37 ± 1.08 | 25.09 ± 2.80 | 0.007 |
| LA EDV index, mL/m2 | 13.0 ± 1.07 | 17.94 ± 1.94 | 0.033 |
| RV EDV index, mL/m2 | 49.94 ± 4.60 | 47.33 ± 5.01 | 0.703 |
| LV EDV index, mL/m2 | 43.04 ± 2.73 | 44.47 ± 3.47 | 0.748 |
| LV EF, % | 58.86 ± 2.88 | 52.62 ± 3.02 | 0.163 |
| RV/LV EDV index | 1.44 ± 0.19 | 1.29 ± 0.21 | 0.614 |
| RV/LV CO | 2.36 ± 0.25 | 1.97 ± 0.27 | 0.289 |
| LV SV, mL | 56.31 ± 6.75 | 81.73 ± 12.24 | 0.079 |
| LASr, % | 31.42 ± 2.21 | 20.03 ± 2.37 | 0.0014 |
| LAScd, % | 18.52 ± 1.48 | 13.91 ± 1.78 | 0.053 |
| LASct, % | 16.41 ± 1.56 | 7.96 ± 1.26 | 0.000 |
| LA stiffness | 0.25 ± 0.05 | 0.72 ± 0.19 | 0.037 |
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Precapillary Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Stratified by Mean LA Pressure_
| Parameter | Group 1 (n=32) | Group 2 (n=27) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 41.4 ± 2.53 | 55.96 ± 2.52 | 0.000 |
| Gender (male/female) | 8 / 24 | 4 / 23 | 0.324 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.4 ± 1.31 | 28.5 ± 1.38 | 0.106 |
| IPAH | 21 (65.6%) | 23 (85.2%) | 0.072 |
| PAH-CTD | 4 (12.5%) | 3 (11.1%) | 0.868 |
| PAH-HIV | 5 (15.6%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0.112 |
| PAH-CHD | 2 (6.3%) | 0 | 0.148 |
| Hypothyroidism | 2 (6.3%) | 7 (25.9%) | 0.043 |
| DM / Glucose intolerance | 3 (9.3%) | 4 (14.8%) | 0.523 |
| Peptic ulcer | 4 (12.5%) | 3 (11.1%) | 0.868 |
| Psoriasis | 0 | 2 (7.4%) | 0.147 |
| Arterial hypertension (Stage 1) | 2 (6.3%) | 2 (7.4%) | 0.869 |
| Arterial hypertension (Stage 2–3) | 7 (21.8%) | 13 (48.1%) | 0.034 |
| Stenting | 0 | 4 (14.8%) | 0.035 |
| Myocardial infarction (unconfirmed) | 0 | 4 (14.8%) | 0.035 |
| Chronic coronary syndrome | 4 (12.5%) | 2 (7.4%) | 0.511 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0 | 8 (29.6%) | 0.001 |
| Ablation for AF | 0 | 5 (18.5%) | 0.016 |
| Euvolemia | 10 (31.2%) | 6 (22.2%) | 0.435 |
| Mild hypervolemia | 5 (15.6%) | 5 (18.5%) | 0.769 |
| Moderate hypervolemia | 8 (25.0%) | 10 (37.0%) | 0.323 |
| Severe hypervolemia | 6 (18.7%) | 4 (14.8%) | 0.689 |
| LHD comorbid stage (Low) | 17 (53.1%) | 24 (88.8%) | 0.002 |
| LHD comorbid stage (Intermediate) | 10 (58.8%) | 5 (20.8%) | 0.013 |
| LHD comorbid stage (High) | 4 (23.5%) | 9 (37.5%) | 0.839 |
| 6-MWT, m | 349.68 ± 19.05 | 294.39 ± 18.80 | 0.047 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/ml | 2187.34 ± 707.11 | 888.81 ± 216.06 | 0.050 |
| Loop diuretics | 30 (93.7%) | 27 (100%) | 0.150 |
| MRA | 32 (100%) | 27 (100%) | – |
Hemodynamic Characteristics of Patients with Precapillary Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension_
| Parameter | Group 1 (n=32) | Group 2 (n=27) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| mPAP, mmHg | 58.16 ± 2.96 | 52.04 ± 3.23 | 0.169 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 9.82 ± 0.54 | 11.29 ± 0.64 | 0.092 |
| PVR, Wood units | 13.45 ± 1.34 | 9.56 ± 1.24 | 0.038 |
| CO, L/min | 4.20 ± 0.28 | 4.85 ± 0.33 | 0.132 |
| SvO2, % | 65.49 ± 1.85 | 66.89 ± 1.79 | 0.588 |
| PAC, mL/mmHg | 1.35 ± 0.17 | 1.64 ± 0.25 | 0.352 |
| PAE, mmHg/mL | 1.73 ± 0.16 | 1.30 ± 0.14 | 0.048 |
| PAPi | 5.27 ± 0.69 | 7.46 ± 1.27 | 0.138 |
| RVSWI, g/m2/beat | 19.95 ± 1.66 | 20.42 ± 1.94 | 0.853 |
| RVF index, mmHg/L/beat/m2 | 42.83 ± 3.36 | 36.14 ± 3.30 | 0.161 |