FIGURE 1.
(A) Transthoracic echocardiography, apical 4-chamber view. Cardiac mass in left atrium is attached to the interatrial septum in the region of the fossa ovalis (arrow). Histopathological characterization confirmed cardiac myxoma. (B) Abundant myxoid stroma with clusters of myxoma cells forming cords and ring structures (HE 100×).
LA = left atrium; LV = left ventricle; RA = right atrium; RV = right ventricle
TABLE 1.
Preoperative echocardiographic characteristics of the cardiac myxoma (CM) and non-myxoma (NM) group
| Echocardiographic characteristics | CM (n=45) | NM (n =8) |
|---|---|---|
| Mean size (mm) | 35.3 ± 18.6 (range: 10–81) | 30.3 ± 16.9 (range: 8–50) |
| Location | ||
| Left atrium | 36 (80) | 2 (25) |
| Fossa ovalis | 27 (75) | |
| Mitral valve | 4 (11) | 1 (50) |
| Posterior interatrial septum | 3 (8) | |
| Free left atrial wall | 1 (3) | 1 (50) |
| Left atrial appendage | 1 (3) | |
| Right atrium | 8 (18) | 4 (50) |
| Left ventricle | 1 (2) | 1 (12) |
| Aortic valve | 1 (12) | |
| Mobility | ||
| Mobile | 32 (71) | 7 (88) |
| Non-mobile | 5 (11) | |
| No data available | 8 (18) | 1 (12) |
| Surface | ||
| Smooth or lobulated | 28 (62) | 1 (12) |
| Villous | 8 (18) | 3 (38) |
| No data available | 9 (20) | 4 (50) |
| Obstruction (present) | 11 (24) | 2 (25) |
| Mitral valve | 10 (21) | 1 (50) |
| Tricuspid valve | 1 (9) | 1 (50) |
FIGURE 2.
Flow diagram showing the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative TTE in patients with suspected CM. The predictive value and accuracy of preoperative TTE was calculated using the results of pathohistological examination as the gold
FN = false negative; FP = false positive; TP = true positive; TN = true negative; TTE = transthoracic echocardiography
TABLE 2.
Comparison of demographic and echocardiographic characteristics between pathohistologically confirmed cardiac myxoma (CM) and non-myxoma (NM) groups
| Characteristic | CM (n= 39) | NM (n = 14) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 63.1 ± 13.6 | 66.6 ± 15.1 | 0.434 |
| Sex (female) | 25 (64) | 10 (71) | 0.620 |
| Location | |||
| Typical | 28 (72) | 0 | P < 0.001 |
| Atypical | 11 (28) | 14 (100) | P < 0.001 |
| Size (mm) | 37.9 ± 18.3 | 24.3 ± 13.2 | 0.017 |