Laser speckle contrast imaging of perfusion in oncological clinical applications: a literature review

Hren, Rok; Brezar, Simona Kranjc; Marhl, Urban; Sersa, Gregor

doi:10.2478/raon-2024-0042

Figures & Tables

Schematic representation of the laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) method. (A) The technique relies on the interference of light backscattered from moving particles, creating distinct dark and bright areas (speckle pattern) captured by a camera. (B) Variations in the speckle pattern are predominantly driven by the movement of red blood cells, enabling interpretation as perfusion. (C) Analysis of speckle-pattern variations yields an image displayed on the monitor, where white and yellow depict areas with high perfusion, contrasting with darker areas indicating lower perfusion areas. Taken from Berggren et al.19 and reprinted with permission from the publisher.

Speckle contrast demonstrates lower values for well-vascularized parathyroid glands. Lower speckle contrast values indicate greater blood flow due to more blurring of the speckle pattern, while higher contrast values indicate less blood flow. The top row displays representative white light images, and the bottom row shows speckle contrast images of a well-vascularized (left), a compromised (middle), and a devascularized (right) parathyroid gland, with parathyroid glands marked with ellipses. The corresponding speckle contrast values were 0.11, 0.18, and 0.21, respectively. Taken from Mannoh et al.33 and reprinted with permission from the publisher.

Representative examples of laser speckle contrast images, showing the blood perfusion in the free skin grafts, immediately postoperatively (0 weeks), and at follow-up after 1, 3, and 7 weeks. It can be seen that reperfusion occurred simultaneously in the center and periphery of the graft, and that complete reperfusion was achieved after 7 weeks. Taken from Berggren et al.43 and reprinted with permission from the publisher.

Typical laser speckle images in two patients. High-resolution laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) can indicate the bowel demarcation line at the point of ligation of the marginal vessels. (A) Normal color image before ligating the marginal vessels. (B) LSCI image before ligating the marginal vessels. (C) LSCI image after ligating the marginal vessels. Taken from Kojima et al.56 and reprinted with permission from the publisher.

Included articles reporting the use of laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) to quantify perfusion in clinical applications in oncology

Reference	Year of publication	Number of patients	Oncologic setting
*Brain*
*Parthasarathy et al.²¹*	2010	3	Tumor resection
*Richards et al.²²*	2014	10	Tumor resection
*Richards et al.²⁷*	2017	8	Tumor resection
*Klijn et al.²⁵*	2013	8	Tumor resection
*Ideguchi et al.²⁸*	2017	12	Tumor resection
*Breasts*
*Tesselaar et al.²⁹*	2017	15	Adjuvant radiotherapy for stage I-II breast cancer
*Zötterman et al.³⁰*	2020	23	Deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap surgery
*Endocrine glands*
*de Paula et al.³¹*	2021	42	Non-functioning adrenal incidentaloma
*Mannoh et al.³²*	2017	28	Thyroidectomy/parathyroidectomy
*Mannoh et al.³³*	2021	72	Thyroidectomy
*Mannoh et al.³⁴*	2023	21	Thyroidectomy/parathyroidectomy
*Skin*
*Tchvialeva et al.³⁵*	2012	214 lesions	Malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, melanocytic nevus, seborrheic keratosis
*Reyal et al.³⁶*	2012	12	Basal cell carcinoma
*Zhang et al.³⁷*	2019	12 (total 143)	Facial nerve palsy due to nerve tumor (also including other etiology)
*Zieger et al.³⁸*	2021	9	Basal cell carcinoma
*Tenland et al.³⁹*	2019	13	Oculoplastic reconstructive surgery (tarsoconjunctival flaps)
*Berggren et al.⁴⁰*	2019	9	Oculoplastic reconstructive surgery (tarsoconjunctival flaps)
*Tenland et al.⁴¹*	2021	12	Oculoplastic reconstructive surgery after squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and intradermal nevus
*Berggren et al.⁴²*	2021	7	Oculoplastic reconstructive surgery after squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma
*Berggren et al.⁴³*	2021	7	Oculoplastic reconstructive surgery after squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma
*Berggren et al.⁴⁴*	2021	1	Oculoplastic reconstructive surgery
*Berggren et al.⁴⁵*	2022	7	Oculoplastic reconstructive surgery after squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma
*Stridh et al.⁴⁶*	2024	1	Cutaneous angio-sarcoma
*Gastrointestinal tract (open surgical setting)*
*Eriksson et al.⁴⁷*	2014	10	Liver resection
*Milstein et al.⁴⁸*	2016	11	Esophagectomy
*Ambrus et al.⁴⁹*	2017	45	Esophagectomy
*Ambrus et al.⁵⁰*	2017	25	Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy
*Di Maria et al.⁵¹*	2017	2	Colorectal resection
*Jansen et al.⁵²*	2018	26	Esophagectomy
*Kojima et al.⁵³*	2019	8	Colorectal resection
*Kaneko et al.⁵⁴*	2020	36	Colorectal resection (34 due to colorectal carcinoma)
*Gastrointestinal tract (laparoscopic/thoracoscopic setting)*
*Heeman et al.⁵⁵*	2019	10	Colorectal resection
*Kojima et al.⁵⁶*	2020	27	Colorectal resection
*Slooter et al.⁵⁷*	2020	24	Esophagectomy
*Heeman et al.⁵⁸*	2023	67	Hemicolectomy and sigmoid resection
*Nwaiwu et al.⁵⁹*	2023	40	Colectomy, also non-oncological interventions (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy)

Laser speckle contrast imaging of perfusion in oncological clinical applications: a literature review

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Included articles reporting the use of laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) to quantify perfusion in clinical applications in oncology

Paradigm

My account