Characterisation and Evaluation of Columnar Basalt Geoheriatge in Thailand: Implication for Geotourism Management in Post-Quarrying Area Cover

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Characterisation and Evaluation of Columnar Basalt Geoheriatge in Thailand: Implication for Geotourism Management in Post-Quarrying Area

Quaestiones Geographicae

Volume 41 (2022): Issue 1 (March 2022)

By: Vimoltip Singtuen and Apussorn Anumart

Open Access

|Feb 2022

Figures & Tables

a – Thai metallogenic belt and b – location of mining in Thailand (modified from The diggings© program and data from USGS (2021)).

Geologic map of Buriram Province, presenting Nang Rong Columnar Jointed Volcanics in blue circle (DMR 2001, modified).

Outcrop of Nang Rong Columnar Jointed Volcanics a – columnar joint, b – platy joint. The photomicrographs of olivine basalt showing porphyritic texture c – columnar basalt in Nang Rong Columnar Jointed Volcanics in plane-polarized light, e – crossed polarized light, d – platy basalt in Nang Rong Columnar Jointed Volcanics in plane-polarized light, f – crossed polarized light. Ol, olivine; Cpx, clinopyroxene; Pl, plagioclase; Idd, iddingsite.

Geochemistry data: a – TAS (total alkalines versus silica) diagram (SiO2 versus. Na2O+ K2O) and alkaline discrimination diagrams (diagram modified from Billings 1954, Le Bas et al. 1986); b – plot of Zr/Ti against Nb/Y (diagram modified from Yoder, Tilley 1962, Winchester, Floyd 1977) for the studied basalts.

The discrimination diagrams for the studied rocks; a – Ti–Zr–Y diagram, b – Nb–Zr–Y diagram, and c – TiO2–MnO–P2O5 diagram (diagram modified from Sun, McDonough 1989, Pearce, Cann 1973).

Geological engineering data a – the average CS and b – the point load index of studied basalts. CS, compressive strength.

The model of alkaline columnar basalt in Buriram Terrain, Thailand.

Geotourism Perspectives: a – research activity of Geotechnology undergraduate students, b – rafting activities, c – local authorities, local people, and students group shot d – local people and their food carts.

Basic assessment model in geology, tourism, economy, education and culture.

SWOT analysis for geotourism strategic planning. SWOT: strengths–weaknesses–opportunities–threats.

Timeline development of Nang Rong Columnar Jointed Volcanics from active quarry to post-mining geoheritage.

Geoengineering data presents diameter (D), load (P), point load index (Is), geometric correction factor (F), and impact strength (Is50)_

No.	Columnar basalt					Platy basalt
No.	D [m]	P [kN]	Is [Mpa]	F [m]	Is₅₀ [MPa]	D [m]	P [kN]	Is [Mpa]	F [m]	Is₅₀ [MPa]
1	0.048	30.0	13.02	0.348	4.54	0.052	32.0	11.83	0.361	4.27
2	0.046	22.0	10.40	0.342	3.55	0.057	22.0	6.77	0.376	2.55
3	0.044	19.0	9.81	0.335	3.29	0.045	11.0	5.43	0.338	1.84
4	0.059	23.0	6.61	0.382	2.53	0.062	25.0	6.50	0.391	2.54
5	0.043	30.0	16.22	0.332	5.38	0.064	22.0	5.37	0.397	2.13
6	0.046	37.0	17.49	0.342	5.98	0.047	22.0	9.96	0.345	3.44
7	0.054	40.0	13.72	0.367	5.04	0.054	20.0	6.86	0.367	2.52
8	0.055	46.0	15.21	0.370	5.63	0.051	23.0	8.84	0.358	3.17
9	0.044	44.0	22.73	0.335	7.61	0.043	20.0	10.82	0.332	3.59
10	0.052	29.0	10.72	0.361	3.87	0.050	18.0	7.20	0.355	2.55
11	0.045	26.0	12.84	0.338	4.34	0.050	19.0	7.60	0.355	2.70
12	0.055	31.0	10.25	0.370	3.80	0.050	18.0	7.20	0.355	2.55
13	0.051	32.5	12.50	0.358	4.47	0.060	35.0	9.72	0.385	3.74
14	0.058	28.0	8.32	0.379	3.16	0.048	8.0	3.47	0.348	1.21
15	0.054	12.0	4.12	0.367	1.51	0.045	20.0	9.88	0.338	3.34
16	0.051	32.0	12.30	0.358	4.40	0.039	29.0	19.07	0.317	6.05
17	0.043	16.0	8.65	0.332	2.87	0.049	18.0	7.50	0.352	2.64
18	0.048	21.0	9.11	0.348	3.18	0.043	15.0	8.11	0.332	2.69
19	0.053	20.0	7.12	0.364	2.59	0.052	24.0	8.88	0.361	3.21
20	0.047	16.0	7.24	0.345	2.50	0.040	22.0	13.75	0.321	4.41

Geochemical data presents major oxides and trace elements_

Rock Sample		1AA	2AA	3AA	4AA
Location in local coordinations		263632 1613808	263707 1613202	263638 1613808	263662 1613218
Major oxides [wt %]	Al₂O₃	15.98	16.28	15.82	16.03
	Fe₂O₃	8.89	8.92	9.44	8.85
	K₂O	1.39	1.25	1.31	1.24
	MgO	5.04	4.91	5.49	4.87
	MnO	0.18	0.09	0.07	0.07
	Na₂O	1.87	1.77	1.81	1.81
	P₂O₅	0.78	0.80	0.74	0.75
	SiO₂	54.41	54.74	55.26	55.81
	TiO₂	2.57	2.59	2.45	2.50
	CaO	7.35	7.05	6.78	6.87
	LOI	1.54	1.60	0.82	1.19
Trace elements [ppm]	V	0	154	223	151
	Cr	145	99	114	97
	Co	188	193	206	208
	Ni	67	88	69	81
	Cu	31	25	26	35
	Zn	145	171	131	151
	Rb	25	10	27	25
	Sr	803	781	811	792
	Y	20	18	21	20
	Zr	223	202	217	215
	Nb	26	21	25	23
	Sn	30	38	33	43
	Sb	36	0	0	0
	Ba	340	366	398	360
	La	0	0	117	0
	Ce	0	175	0	122
	Pr	0	0	199	0
	Nd	426	0	278	435

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2022-0003 | Journal eISSN: 2081-6383 | Journal ISSN: 2082-2103

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Language: English

Page range: 37 - 50

Submitted on: Oct 3, 2021

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Published on: Feb 27, 2022

Published by: Adam Mickiewicz University

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

olivine basalt,

Related subjects:

© 2022 Vimoltip Singtuen, Apussorn Anumart, published by Adam Mickiewicz University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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