Fig. 1
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Fig. 3
The result of Mann-Whitney test_
| MTEs Dimension | Sum of rankings in men’s category | Sum of rankings in women’s category | Z-score | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hedonism | 271.5 | 1003.5 | −5.753 | 0.000 |
| Novelty | 481.0 | 794.0 | −1.573 | 0.116 |
| Local culture | 492.5 | 782.5 | −1.385 | 0.166 |
| Refreshment | 422.0 | 853.0 | −2.770 | 0.006 |
| Meaningfulness | 467.0 | 808.0 | −1.875 | 0.061 |
| Involvement | 456.0 | 819.0 | −2.190 | 0.029 |
| Knowledge | 637.0 | 638.0 | −1.604 | 0.109 |
| Total | 271.5 | 1003.5 | −5.753 | 0.000 |
Participants travel frequency to Iran_
| Travel frequency | Frequency | Percentage/Valid percentage | Cumulative percentage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Once | 38 | 76 | 76 | 76 |
| Twice | 10 | 20 | 20 | 96 |
| ≥ Three times | 2 | 4 | 4 | 100 |
| Total | 50 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Participants’ education status_
| Education level | Frequency | Percentage/Valid percentage | Cumulative percentage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤ Diploma | 13 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
| College degree | 14 | 28 | 28 | 54 |
| Bachelor | 22 | 44 | 44 | 98 |
| ≥ Master | 1 | 2 | 2 | 100 |
| Total | 50 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
The research variables_
| No | MTEs Dimension | Operational Variable |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hedonism | I am thrilled about having a new experience |
| In culinary experience I Indulged in the activities | ||
| I Really enjoyed this culinary experience | ||
| I was so Excited about culinary experience | ||
| 2 | Involvement | I enjoyed activities which I really wanted to do |
| I was interested in the main activities of this culinary experience | ||
| I visited a place where I really wanted to go | ||
| 3 | Meaningfulness | I learned about myself in culinary experience |
| I did something meaningful by culinary experience | ||
| I did something important by culinary experience | ||
| 4 | Novelty | culinary is an once-in-a-lifetime experience |
| culinary is a unique experience | ||
| Culinary is different from previous experiences | ||
| I experienced something new in culinary tour | ||
| 5 | Refreshment | I experienced sense of liberating in culinary tour |
| I enjoyed sense of freedom in culinary experience | ||
| culinary experience was refreshing | ||
| I revitalized the life by culinary experience | ||
| 6 | Knowledge | I explore new things in culinary experience |
| I gained new knowledge in culinary experience | ||
| I learned about new cultures in culinary experience | ||
| 7 | Local culture | I got a good impression about the local people |
| I closely experienced the local culture in culinary tour | ||
| Local people in a destination were friendly |
Normality of the indices in the research dimensions_
| MTEs Dimension | Test value | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| Hedonism | 0.179 | 0.000347 |
| Novelty | 0.143 | 0.012 |
| Refreshment | 0.210 | 0.000 |
| Local culture | 0.231 | 0.000 |
| Involvement | 0.318 | 0.000 |
| Meaningfulness | 0.161 | 0.002 |
| Knowledge | 0.300 | 0.000 |
The result of reliability of the research questionnaire_
| MTEs Dimension | Cronbach’s alpha cofficient | Number of variables | Reliability status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hedonism | 0.880 | 4 | Acceptable |
| Novelty | 0.778 | 4 | Acceptable |
| Refreshment | 0.912 | 4 | Acceptable |
| Local culture | 0.864 | 3 | Acceptable |
| Involvement | 0.895 | 3 | Acceptable |
| Meaningfulness | 0.898 | 3 | Acceptable |
| Knowledge | 0.926 | 3 | Acceptable |
| Total | 0.785 | 24 | Acceptable |
Sample age distribution_
| Age range | Frequency | Percentage/Valid percentage | Cumulative percentage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 to 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 31 to 40 | 6 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| 41 to 50 | 27 | 54 | 54 | 66 |
| ≥ 50 | 17 | 34 | 34 | 100 |
| Total | 50 | 100 | 100 | 100 |