Fig. 1
Study area.
Source: own work.
Fig. 2
Types of land use in the Adamów-Koźmin area. Explanation: A – pre-mining area (1940), B – mining area (2011).
Source: own work.
Fig. 3
Landscape metrics used in the analysis of land use changes in the Adamów-Koźmin mining area.
Source: own work.
Fig. 4
The share of particular types of land use in the structure of the pre-mining (A) and mining (B) Adamów-Koźmin area. Explanation: 1 – arable land, 2 – meadows and pastures, 3 – forests, 4 – built-up areas, 5 – bodies of water, 6 – active open pits, 7 – post-mining wasteland.
Source: study based on ratio test (Agresti 2012).
Table 1
The share of particular types of land use in the structure of the pre-mining and mining Adamów-Koźmin area.
| Type of land use | Share in pre-mining area (1940) | Share in mining area (2011) | Classification | Direction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arable land | 62.84% | 51.46% | p < 0.001 | decrease |
| Meadows, pastures | 21.41% | 13.54% | p < 0.001 | decrease |
| Forest | 15.41% | 23.52% | p < 0.001 | increase |
| Built-up area | 00.17% | 04.27% | p < 0.001 | increase |
| Bodies of water | 00.17% | 02.31% | p < 0.001 | increase |
| Active open-pits | 00.00% | 04.48% | p < 0.001 | increase |
| Post-mining wasteland | 00.00% | 00.41% | p < 0.001 | increase |
[i] Source: study based on ratio test (Agresti 2012).
Table 2
The land use transition matrix in 1940-2011, the Adamów-Koźmin mining area.
| Type of land use (km2) | Arable land | Meadows pastures | Forest | Built-up area | Bodies of water | Activ open pits | Post-mining wasteland | Structure of land use in pre-mining area (km2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arable land | 56.42 | 13.76 | 12.55 | 4.71 | 2.26 | 5.55 | 0.44 | 095.69* |
| Meadows, pastures | 15.99 | 05.67 | 08.67 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.87 | 0.14 | 032.89* |
| Forest | 02.22 | 00.79 | 13.91 | 0.17 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 017.52* |
| Built-up area | 03.35 | 00.91 | 00.60 | 0.81 | 0.21 | 0.31 | 0.01 | 006.20* |
| Bodies of water | 00.13 | 00.04 | 00.07 | 0.02 | – | – | – | 000.26* |
| Structure of land use in mining area (km2) | 78.11 | 21.17 | 35.80 | 6.50 | 3.53 | 6.82 | 0.63 | 152.56* |
[i] Explanation : 1 – arable land, 2 – meadows and pastures, 3 – forests, 4 – built-up areas , 5 – bodies of water, 6 – active open-pits, 7 – post-mining wasteland, * – the area of the mining land; the area of particular type of land use, which did not undergo any transformation has been presented in a grey colour.
[ii] Source: own work.
Fig. 5
Land use transitions in the Adamów-Koźmin area.
Explanation: 1 – arable land, 2 – meadows and pastures, 3 – forests, 4 – built-up areas, 5 – water bodies, 6 – active open pits, 7 – post-mining wasteland. Source: own work.
Table 3
Changes in the indicators of composition and configuration of patches of land use.
| Selected landscape metrics | Patches of land use | Landscape mosaic | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| arable land | meadows and pastures | forests | reservoirs | ||
| Number of patches (NP) | − | − | − | − | − |
| Patch Density (PD) | − | − | − | − | − |
| Average size of a patch of a certain type (AREA_MN) | + | + | + | + | + |
| Total Edge (TE) | − | − | − | + | − |
| Edge Density (ED) | − | − | − | + | − |
| Landscape Shape Index (LSI) | − | − | − | − | − |
| Mean Fractal Dimension Index (FRAC_MN) | + | + | + | + | + |
| Mean Shape Index Distribution (SHAPE_MN) | + | + | + | + | + |
| Euclidean Nearest_Neighbor Distance (ENN_MN) | + | − | + | + | + |
| ContagionIndex (CONTAG) | − | ||||
[i] Explanation: + increase, − decrease
[ii] Source: own work.