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Towards a collaborative approach in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an expert opinion paper on cardiopulmonary risk reduction in clinical practice in Romania Cover

Towards a collaborative approach in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an expert opinion paper on cardiopulmonary risk reduction in clinical practice in Romania

Pneumologia
Volume 75 (2026): Issue 1 (January 2026)
By: Florin-Dumitru Mihălțan,  Ștefan Dumitrache-Rujinski,  Oana Gheorghe-Fronea,  Cristina Isar,  Daniel Lighezan,  Florin Mitu,  Camelia Nicolae,  Cătălina Panaitescu,  Ruxandra-Mioara Râjnoveanu,  Claudia Lucia Toma and  Ana-Maria Vintilă  
Open Access
|Apr 2026
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Routine assessment of cardiopulmonaryCP risk in COPD and triggers for referral (9, 11, 18). *Smoking history, environmental exposure, family history of respiratory diseases, and so forth. bEOS, blood eosinophils; CAT, COPD assessment test; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CP, cardiopulmonary; CV, cardiovascular; CVD, cardiovascular disease; ECG, electrocardiogram; mMRC, (modified) Medical Research Council DyspneaDyspnoea; OCS, oral corticosteroid; PA, physical activity; SABA, short-acting bronchodilator.

Figure 2.

Main aspects to be included and addressed in the COPD hospital discharge protocol (9, 25, 31). COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HCPs, healthcare professionals.

Figure 3.

The mechanism underlying the frequent coexistence of COPD and CVD (2, 7, 8). COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HF, heart failure; MI, myocardial infarction.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/pneum-2026-0004 | Journal eISSN: 2247-059X | Journal ISSN: 2067-2993
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Language: English
Page range: 20 - 28
Published on: Apr 4, 2026
Published by: Romanian Society of Pneumology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open
Keywords:
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,
cardiopulmonary risk,
expert opinion,
routine clinical practice,
Romania
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Clinical medicine,
Clinical medicine, other,
Internal medicine,
Pneumology

© 2026 Florin-Dumitru Mihălțan, Ștefan Dumitrache-Rujinski, Oana Gheorghe-Fronea, Cristina Isar, Daniel Lighezan, Florin Mitu, Camelia Nicolae, Cătălina Panaitescu, Ruxandra-Mioara Râjnoveanu, Claudia Lucia Toma, Ana-Maria Vintilă, published by Romanian Society of Pneumology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 75 (2026): Issue 1 (January 2026)
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