Financial Literacy in Literature: A Bibliometric Analysis of Trends and Research Directions

We show how research on financial literacy has evolved between 1963 and 2025, using 6,314 documents pulled from the Scopus database. The starting point of the paper is simple: after the Great Recession and again after COVID-19, policymakers kept asking whether households understand the financial products available to them. We process downloaded information with the Bibliometrix R package and complement the results with VOSviewer to look at co-citation and keyword networks. Three results stand out. Output rises almost exponentially over 2020-2025, pushed by digitalization and by the visibility of crypto and similar assets. The leading producing institutions are now in Asia (the University of Malaya in particular), even though the United States is still where most corresponding authors are based. The keyword map shows us that the field is drifting from the original Big Three measurement agenda toward concepts such as financial inclusion, digital literacy, and the behavioral side of household finance.